[PY API] Fix the preoblem that Node.get_attributes() cannot return al…

…l attributes (openvinotoolkit#23530)

### Details:
- extend the `util::DictAttributeSerializer::on_adapter()` method,
making it compatible with `ov::PartialShape` and
`ov::op::util::Variable` types;
 - add extra tests to test the correctness of `Node.get_attributes()`

### Tickets:
 - openvinotoolkit#23455

---------

Co-authored-by: Jan Iwaszkiewicz <jan.iwaszkiewicz@intel.com>

src/bindings/python/src/pyopenvino/graph/dict_attribute_visitor.cpp

@@ -274,6 +274,17 @@ void util::DictAttributeSerializer::on_adapter(const std::string& name, ov::Valu
     if (m_attributes.contains(name)) {
         OPENVINO_THROW("No AttributeVisitor support for accessing attribute named: ", name);
     }
+
+    if (auto _adapter = dynamic_cast<ov::AttributeAdapter<std::shared_ptr<ov::op::util::Variable>>*>(&adapter)) {
+        m_attributes[name.c_str()] = _adapter->get()->get_info().variable_id;
+    } else if (auto _adapter = dynamic_cast<ov::AttributeAdapter<ov::PartialShape>*>(&adapter)) {
+        auto partial_shape = _adapter->get();
+        std::vector<ov::Dimension::value_type> shape;
+        for (const auto& dim : partial_shape) {
+            shape.push_back(dim.is_dynamic() ? -1 : dim.get_length());
+        }
+        m_attributes[name.c_str()] = shape;
+    }
 }
 void util::DictAttributeSerializer::on_adapter(const std::string& name, ov::ValueAccessor<bool>& adapter) {
     m_attributes[name.c_str()] = adapter.get();

src/bindings/python/tests/test_graph/test_create_op.py

@@ -1183,11 +1183,15 @@ def test_read_value():
     init_value = ov.parameter([2, 2], name="init_value", dtype=np.int32)
 
     node = ov.read_value(init_value, "var_id_667", np.int32, [2, 2])
+    read_value_attributes = node.get_attributes()
 
     assert node.get_type_name() == "ReadValue"
     assert node.get_output_size() == 1
     assert list(node.get_output_shape(0)) == [2, 2]
     assert node.get_output_element_type(0) == Type.i32
+    assert read_value_attributes["variable_type"] == "i32"
+    assert read_value_attributes["variable_id"] == "var_id_667"
+    assert read_value_attributes["variable_shape"] == [2, 2]
 
 
 def test_read_value_dyn_variable_pshape():
@@ -1205,11 +1209,13 @@ def test_assign():
     input_data = ov.parameter([5, 7], name="input_data", dtype=np.int32)
     rv = ov.read_value(input_data, "var_id_667", np.int32, [5, 7])
     node = ov.assign(rv, "var_id_667")
+    assign_attributes = node.get_attributes()
 
     assert node.get_type_name() == "Assign"
     assert node.get_output_size() == 1
     assert list(node.get_output_shape(0)) == [5, 7]
     assert node.get_output_element_type(0) == Type.i32
+    assert assign_attributes["variable_id"] == "var_id_667"
 
 
 def test_extract_image_patches():
@@ -2353,3 +2359,10 @@ def test_topk_opset11():
     assert node.get_output_size() == 2
     assert list(node.get_output_shape(0)) == [1, 3, 3]
     assert list(node.get_output_shape(1)) == [1, 3, 3]
+
+
+def test_parameter_get_attributes():
+    parameter = ov.parameter([2, 2], dtype=np.float32, name="InputData")
+    parameter_attributes = parameter.get_attributes()
+    assert parameter_attributes["element_type"] == "f32"
+    assert parameter_attributes["shape"] == [2, 2]