Use wp_get_inline_script_tag() in build_dropdown_script_block_core_categories()

[westonruter]

See Core-58664. By using wp_get_inline_script_tag() instead of manually constructing script tags, key benefits can be gained, for example being able to use Strict CSP. This change was originally in WordPress/wordpress-develop#4773 but it needed to be upstreamed in Gutenberg.

[felixarntz]

Thanks for the PR @westonruter, LGTM!

[github-actions]

Flaky tests detected in 721d2b4.
Some tests passed with failed attempts. The failures may not be related to this commit but are still reported for visibility. See the documentation for more information.

🔍 Workflow run URL: https://github.com/WordPress/gutenberg/actions/runs/6252486724
📝 Reported issues:

• [Flaky Test] selects all transformed output #54677 in /test/e2e/specs/editor/blocks/list.spec.js
• [Flaky Test] should make the modal content focusable when it is scrollable #48067 in /test/e2e/specs/editor/various/a11y.spec.js
• [Flaky Test] should partially select with shift + click (@webkit) #53524 in /test/e2e/specs/editor/various/multi-block-selection.spec.js

[westonruter]

Playwright/E2E tests keep failing. I presume this doesn't have anything to do with the changes in this PR.