refactor: cleanup StoogeSort

[alxkm]

Cleanup StoogeSort

Adding empty array check

Adding StoogeSortTest

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized it.
• All filenames are in PascalCase.
• All functions and variable names follow Java naming conventions.
• All new algorithms have a URL in their comments that points to Wikipedia or other similar explanations.
• All new code is formatted with clang-format -i --style=file path/to/your/file.java

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 41.01%. Comparing base (9403214) to head (ae18785).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master    #5283      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     40.87%   41.01%   +0.13%     
- Complexity     2519     2526       +7     
============================================
  Files           519      519              
  Lines         15452    15444       -8     
  Branches       2947     2947              
============================================
+ Hits           6316     6334      +18     
+ Misses         8841     8816      -25     
+ Partials        295      294       -1     

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