Realize generic navigation structure

[Drodt]

Related Issue

This pull request depends on #3436.

Intended Change

Previously, the SyntaxElement interface was introduced with the intent of a common supertype and navigation structure for generic AST elements. This PR adds functionality for navigation through ASTs. It serves as a ground for a rewrite of AST visitors, walkers, and matching; each of which will have their separate PR.

Type of pull request

• Refactoring (behaviour should not change or only minimally change)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• There are changes to the (Java) code

Ensuring quality

• I made sure that the introduced/changed code is well documented (Javadoc and inline comments).
• I have tested the feature as follows: automatic tests

Additional information and contact(s)

The contributions within this pull request are licensed under GPLv2 (only) for inclusion in KeY.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 43.03030% with 94 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 38.04%. Comparing base (1b48b9e) to head (a4de274).
Report is 92 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
...core/src/main/java/org/key_project/logic/Term.java	0.00%	11 Missing ⚠️
...src/main/java/de/uka/ilkd/key/logic/JavaBlock.java	0.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
.../uka/ilkd/key/speclang/DependencyContractImpl.java	0.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
...c/main/java/org/key_project/logic/op/Modality.java	0.00%	6 Missing ⚠️
...e/uka/ilkd/key/logic/op/SortDependingFunction.java	28.57%	5 Missing ⚠️
...ava/de/uka/ilkd/key/logic/op/ElementaryUpdate.java	0.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
...ava/de/uka/ilkd/key/logic/op/ObserverFunction.java	33.33%	4 Missing ⚠️
...src/main/java/de/uka/ilkd/key/pp/LogicPrinter.java	0.00%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
...ava/org/key_project/logic/SyntaxElementCursor.java	89.74%	4 Missing ⚠️
...java/de/uka/ilkd/key/logic/op/ProgramVariable.java	0.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
... and 25 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##               main    #3472      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     38.03%   38.04%   +0.01%     
- Complexity    17089    17117      +28     
============================================
  Files          2099     2105       +6     
  Lines        127274   127439     +165     
  Branches      21386    21401      +15     
============================================
+ Hits          48409    48487      +78     
- Misses        72892    72978      +86     
- Partials       5973     5974       +1     

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[tobias-rnh]

Can you add functionality to the SyntaxElementCursor to go to the next node in the tree?

[Drodt]

Can you add functionality to the SyntaxElementCursor to go to the next node in the tree?

Done!