Aggregates, patch broadcasting, and refactoring

[d-chambers]

Description

This is a large PR which implements a few significant changes/improvements:

1. Adds shortcuts for common patch aggregations (min, max, std, etc.)
2. Implements patch broadcasting and sub-selection when applying operations

• Operations can now be applied to patches of different shapes but shared, or broadcastable, dimensions

3. Support for non-coordinate dimensions
4. Adds the ability to use arrays in Patch.select
5. A new method Patch.order which behaves like dataframe.loc
6. Fixed a few small deprecations from external libraries and bugs with the time utils.

TODO

• Add spool.concat method
• Add concat to docs
• Add order to docs
• Add examples of non-coord dimensions in Patch and Coordinate section of docs
• Add order and select docs, be sure they reference each other
• Add example of appending and re-arranging dims in docs

Checklist

I have (if applicable):

• referenced the GitHub issue this PR closes.
• documented the new feature with docstrings or appropriate doc page.
• included a test. See testing guidelines.
• your name has been added to the contributors page (docs/contributors.md).
• added the "ready_for_review" tag once the PR is ready to be reviewed.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 99.83%. Comparing base (e206fc2) to head (d39605e).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #375      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   99.60%   99.83%   +0.23%     
==========================================
  Files         105      106       +1     
  Lines        8050     8625     +575     
==========================================
+ Hits         8018     8611     +593     
+ Misses         32       14      -18     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	99.83% <100.00%> (+0.23%)	⬆️

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