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The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a quantum algorithm used to find the ground state energy of a given quantum Hamiltonian. Here's a brief explanation of how VQE works:
VQE starts by initializing a parameterized quantum circuit known as the ansatz. The ansatz represents a trial wavefunction that is used to approximate the ground state of the Hamiltonian.
The initialized ansatz is applied to a quantum state, and the energy expectation value of the Hamiltonian is measured. This measurement is performed using quantum operations and classical post-processing.
The parameters of the ansatz are then adjusted iteratively to minimize the energy expectation value. This optimization process is typically performed using classical optimization algorithms such as COBYLA or SPSA.
Fixes #34