Use Cantera Error in leftover examples

Update diffusion_flame_batch.py and diffusion_flame_extinction.py
to use CanteraError where appropriate. Define a new
FlameExtinguished exception to distinguish between extinction and
other failures. This allows things like OSErrors to still be
raised to the user while dealing with exceptions we can handle.
Closes #569.

interfaces/cython/cantera/examples/onedim/diffusion_flame_batch.py

@@ -12,14 +12,19 @@
 (doi:10.1155/2014/484372). Please refer to this publication for a detailed
 explanation. Also, please don't forget to cite it if you make use of it.
 
-This example can e.g. be used to iterate to a counterflow diffusion flame to an
+This example can, for example, be used to iterate to a counterflow diffusion flame to an
 awkward  pressure and strain rate, or to create the basis for a flamelet table.
 """
 
 import cantera as ct
 import numpy as np
 import os
 
+
+class FlameExtinguished(Exception): 
+    pass
+
+
 # Create directory for output data files
 data_directory = 'diffusion_flame_batch_data/'
 if not os.path.exists(data_directory):
@@ -49,12 +54,16 @@
 
 # Define a limit for the maximum temperature below which the flame is
 # considered as extinguished and the computation is aborted
-# This increases the speed of refinement is enabled
+# This increases the speed of refinement, if enabled
 temperature_limit_extinction = 900  # K
+
+
 def interrupt_extinction(t):
     if np.max(f.T) < temperature_limit_extinction:
-        raise Exception('Flame extinguished')
+        raise FlameExtinguished('Flame extinguished')
     return 0.
+
+
 f.set_interrupt(interrupt_extinction)
 
 # Initialize and solve
@@ -116,7 +125,7 @@ def interrupt_extinction(t):
                description='Cantera version ' + ct.__version__ +
                ', reaction mechanism ' + reaction_mechanism)
         p_previous = p
-    except Exception as e:
+    except ct.CanteraError as e:
         print('Error occurred while solving:', e, 'Try next pressure level')
         # If solution failed: Restore the last successful solution and continue
         f.restore(filename=data_directory + file_name, name='solution',
@@ -167,11 +176,11 @@ def interrupt_extinction(t):
         f.save(data_directory + file_name, name='solution', loglevel=1,
                description='Cantera version ' + ct.__version__ +
                ', reaction mechanism ' + reaction_mechanism)
-    except Exception as e:
-        if e.args[0] == 'Flame extinguished':
-            print('Flame extinguished')
-        else:
-            print('Error occurred while solving:', e)
+    except FlameExtinguished:
+        print('Flame extinguished')
+        break
+    except ct.CanteraError as e:
+        print('Error occurred while solving:', e)
         break
 
 
@@ -215,7 +224,7 @@ def interrupt_extinction(t):
 for n in n_selected:
     file_name = 'strain_loop_{0:02d}.xml'.format(n)
     f.restore(filename=data_directory + file_name, name='solution', loglevel=0)
-    a_max = f.strain_rate('max') # the maximum axial strain rate
+    a_max = f.strain_rate('max')  # the maximum axial strain rate
 
     # Plot the temperature profiles for the strain rate loop (selected)
     ax3.plot(f.grid / f.grid[-1], f.T, label='{0:.2e} 1/s'.format(a_max))

interfaces/cython/cantera/examples/onedim/diffusion_flame_extinction.py

@@ -113,11 +113,10 @@
     f.set_profile('lambda', normalized_grid, f.L * strain_factor ** exp_lam_a)
     try:
         f.solve(loglevel=0)
-    except Exception as e:
-        # Throw Exception if solution fails
+    except ct.CanteraError as e:
         print('Error: Did not converge at n =', n, e)
     if np.max(f.T) > temperature_limit_extinction:
-        # Flame still burning, so go to next strain rate
+        # Flame is still burning, so proceed to next strain rate
         n_last_burning = n
         file_name = 'extinction_{0:04d}.xml'.format(n)
         f.save(data_directory + file_name, name='solution', loglevel=0,