Fix snap startup error (#7351)

A recent fix to the azure-iot-edge snap (#7330) changed the daemon type of the docker-proxy service to `notify` to resolve install/startup timing issues. With that fix, docker-proxy now waits until it can establish communication with Docker before calling `systemd-notify --ready` to resume and allow aziot-edged to start.

A problem was discovered once the updated snap was published to the marketplace. If a user installs the snap without --devmode, docker-proxy startup fails with: "Got notification message from PID nnnn, but reception only permitted for main PID mmmm". This happens because systemd expects the `systemd-notify --ready` command to run in the service's main process, but bash runs it in its own process. Systemd can be configured to allow other options, but snapd doesn't expose them.

This change uses the shell builtin `exec` command to run `systemd-notify` in the same process as the parent script. It also uses the  --exec option on `systemd-notify` to set up socat after `systemd-notify` returns. The --exec option is new, so the snap has been upgraded to core24.

Also, the configure hook was producing config files with empty hostnames, which caused failures on startup. It's unclear why the hostnamectl command isn't working in this instance (possibly something to do with the core24 upgrade?), but it turns out to be unnecessary because `iotedge config apply` will correctly determine/populate the hostname a little later. This change removes the logic to populate the hostname field from the configure hook.

To test, I built new snaps in the CI build pipeline, ran the end-to-end tests pipeline against them, and confirmed the snap jobs pass. Since the snap jobs install with --devmode, I also published to a temporary branch in the marketplace and tested manually.

## Azure IoT Edge PR checklist:

edgelet/contrib/snap/socat.sh

@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ done
 # socket exists or not otherwise the snap installation will fail.
 # This is a better UX as the user can now fix the issue themselves.. say
 # they installed iotedge before docker.
-systemd-notify --ready
-
-$SNAP/usr/bin/socat UNIX-LISTEN:$SNAP_COMMON/docker-proxy.sock,reuseaddr,fork,unlink-early,user=snap_aziotedge,group=snap_aziotedge UNIX-CONNECT:$docker_socket
+exec systemd-notify --exec --ready \; $SNAP/usr/bin/socat \
+    UNIX-LISTEN:$SNAP_COMMON/docker-proxy.sock,reuseaddr,fork,unlink-early,user=snap_aziotedge,group=snap_aziotedge \
+    UNIX-CONNECT:$docker_socket

snap/hooks/configure

@@ -22,12 +22,6 @@ mkdir -p /etc/aziot/edged/config.d
 snapctl get raw-config > /etc/aziot/config.toml
 
 {
-	toml_kvp "hostname" "$(hostnamectl hostname)"
-} | tee /etc/aziot/keyd/config.d/01-snap.toml /etc/aziot/certd/config.d/01-snap.toml /etc/aziot/identityd/config.d/01-snap.toml /etc/aziot/tpmd/config.d/01-snap.toml
-
-{
-	toml_kvp "hostname" "$(hostnamectl hostname)"
-
 	toml_new_section "agent"
 	toml_kvp "name" "edgeAgent"
 	toml_kvp "type" "docker"

snap/snapcraft.yaml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: azure-iot-edge
-base: core22 # the base snap is the execution environment for this snap
+base: core24 # the base snap is the execution environment for this snap
 summary: Managed solution for deploying and configuring software on IoT devices
 description: |
   Azure IoT Edge is a fully managed service that delivers cloud intelligence
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ system-usernames:
 package-repositories:
   - type: apt
     components: [ main ]
-    suites: [ jammy ]
-    url: https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/22.04/prod
+    suites: [ noble ]
+    url: https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/24.04/prod
     key-id: BC528686B50D79E339D3721CEB3E94ADBE1229CF
 
 parts: