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<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if IE 8]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="zh-cn"> <![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="zh-cn"> <!--<![endif]-->
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
<title>道可叨 | 机器学习笔记 </title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
<meta name="author" content="Qiang">
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</head>
<body>
<header>
<hgroup>
<a href="https://zhuoqiang.github.io">
<h1 i18n>道可叨</h1>
<h2>Free Will</h2>
</a>
</hgroup>
</header>
<section>
<article>
<header>
<h1><a href="https://zhuoqiang.github.io/machine-learning-notes.html">机器学习笔记</a></h1>
</header> <div>
<section>
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.highlight-bracket {
color: #997;
}
.highlight-tag {
color: #170;
}
.highlight-attribute {
color: #00c;
}
.highlight-header {
color: blue;
}
.highlight-quote {
color: #090;
}
.highlight-link {
color: #00c;
}
/* apply the same style to codemirror */
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-keyword {
color: #008000;
font-weight: bold;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-atom {
color: #88F;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-number {
color: #080;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-def {
color: #00f;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-variable {
color: #000;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-operator {
color: #AA22FF;
font-weight: bold;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-variable-2 {
color: #1a1a1a;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-variable-3 {
color: #333333;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-comment {
color: #408080;
font-style: italic;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-string {
color: #BA2121;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-string-2 {
color: #f50;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-meta {
color: #AA22FF;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-qualifier {
color: #555;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-builtin {
color: #008000;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-bracket {
color: #997;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-tag {
color: #170;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-attribute {
color: #00c;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-header {
color: blue;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-quote {
color: #090;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-link {
color: #00c;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-error {
color: #f00;
}
.cm-s-ipython span.cm-tab {
background: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADAAAAAMCAYAAAAkuj5RAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAGFJREFUSMft1LsRQFAQheHPowAKoACx3IgEKtaEHujDjORSgWTH/ZOdnZOcM/sgk/kFFWY0qV8foQwS4MKBCS3qR6ixBJvElOobYAtivseIE120FaowJPN75GMu8j/LfMwNjh4HUpwg4LUAAAAASUVORK5CYII=);
background-position: right;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
div.output_wrapper {
/* this position must be relative to enable descendents to be absolute within it */
position: relative;
/* Old browsers */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
-webkit-box-align: stretch;
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-orient: vertical;
-moz-box-align: stretch;
display: box;
box-orient: vertical;
box-align: stretch;
/* Modern browsers */
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: stretch;
z-index: 1;
}
/* class for the output area when it should be height-limited */
div.output_scroll {
/* ideally, this would be max-height, but FF barfs all over that */
height: 24em;
/* FF needs this *and the wrapper* to specify full width, or it will shrinkwrap */
width: 100%;
overflow: auto;
border-radius: 2px;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
box-shadow: inset 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
display: block;
}
/* output div while it is collapsed */
div.output_collapsed {
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
/* Old browsers */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
-webkit-box-align: stretch;
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-orient: vertical;
-moz-box-align: stretch;
display: box;
box-orient: vertical;
box-align: stretch;
/* Modern browsers */
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: stretch;
}
div.out_prompt_overlay {
height: 100%;
padding: 0px 0.4em;
position: absolute;
border-radius: 2px;
}
div.out_prompt_overlay:hover {
/* use inner shadow to get border that is computed the same on WebKit/FF */
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 1px #000;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 1px #000;
background: rgba(240, 240, 240, 0.5);
}
div.output_prompt {
color: #D84315;
}
/* This class is the outer container of all output sections. */
div.output_area {
padding: 0px;
page-break-inside: avoid;
/* Old browsers */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
-webkit-box-align: stretch;
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-orient: horizontal;
-moz-box-align: stretch;
display: box;
box-orient: horizontal;
box-align: stretch;
/* Modern browsers */
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
align-items: stretch;
}
div.output_area .MathJax_Display {
text-align: left !important;
}
div.output_area
div.output_area
div.output_area img,
div.output_area svg {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
div.output_area img.unconfined,
div.output_area svg.unconfined {
max-width: none;
}
div.output_area .mglyph > img {
max-width: none;
}
/* This is needed to protect the pre formating from global settings such
as that of bootstrap */
.output {
/* Old browsers */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
-webkit-box-align: stretch;
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-orient: vertical;
-moz-box-align: stretch;
display: box;
box-orient: vertical;
box-align: stretch;
/* Modern browsers */
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: stretch;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
div.output_area {
/* Old browsers */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
-webkit-box-align: stretch;
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-orient: vertical;
-moz-box-align: stretch;
display: box;
box-orient: vertical;
box-align: stretch;
/* Modern browsers */
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: stretch;
}
}
div.output_area pre {
margin: 0;
padding: 1px 0 1px 0;
border: 0;
vertical-align: baseline;
color: black;
background-color: transparent;
border-radius: 0;
}
/* This class is for the output subarea inside the output_area and after
the prompt div. */
div.output_subarea {
overflow-x: auto;
padding: 0.4em;
/* Old browsers */
-webkit-box-flex: 1;
-moz-box-flex: 1;
box-flex: 1;
/* Modern browsers */
flex: 1;
max-width: calc(100% - 14ex);
}
div.output_scroll div.output_subarea {
overflow-x: visible;
}
/* The rest of the output_* classes are for special styling of the different
output types */
/* all text output has this class: */
div.output_text {
text-align: left;
color: #000;
/* This has to match that of the the CodeMirror class line-height below */
line-height: 1.21429em;
}
/* stdout/stderr are 'text' as well as 'stream', but execute_result/error are *not* streams */
div.output_stderr {
background: #fdd;
/* very light red background for stderr */
}
div.output_latex {
text-align: left;
}
/* Empty output_javascript divs should have no height */
div.output_javascript:empty {
padding: 0;
}
.js-error {
color: darkred;
}
/* raw_input styles */
div.raw_input_container {
line-height: 1.21429em;
padding-top: 5px;
}
pre.raw_input_prompt {
/* nothing needed here. */
}
input.raw_input {
font-family: monospace;
font-size: inherit;
color: inherit;
width: auto;
/* make sure input baseline aligns with prompt */
vertical-align: baseline;
/* padding + margin = 0.5em between prompt and cursor */
padding: 0em 0.25em;
margin: 0em 0.25em;
}
input.raw_input:focus {
box-shadow: none;
}
p.p-space {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
div.output_unrecognized {
padding: 5px;
font-weight: bold;
color: red;
}
div.output_unrecognized a {
color: inherit;
text-decoration: none;
}
div.output_unrecognized a:hover {
color: inherit;
text-decoration: none;
}
.rendered_html {
color: #000;
/* any extras will just be numbers: */
}
.rendered_html :link {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.rendered_html :visited {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.rendered_html h1:first-child {
margin-top: 0.538em;
}
.rendered_html h2:first-child {
margin-top: 0.636em;
}
.rendered_html h3:first-child {
margin-top: 0.777em;
}
.rendered_html h4:first-child {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html h5:first-child {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html h6:first-child {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html ul:not(.list-inline),
.rendered_html ol:not(.list-inline) {
padding-left: 2em;
}
.rendered_html * + ul {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html * + ol {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html pre,
.rendered_html tr,
.rendered_html th,
.rendered_html tbody tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #f5f5f5;
}
.rendered_html tbody tr:hover {
background: rgba(66, 165, 245, 0.2);
}
.rendered_html * + table {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html * + p {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html * + img {
margin-top: 1em;
}
.rendered_html img,
.rendered_html img.unconfined,
.rendered_html * + .alert {
margin-top: 1em;
}
[dir="rtl"]
div.text_cell {
/* Old browsers */
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
-webkit-box-align: stretch;
display: -moz-box;
-moz-box-orient: horizontal;
-moz-box-align: stretch;
display: box;
box-orient: horizontal;
box-align: stretch;
/* Modern browsers */
display: flex;
flex-direction: row;
align-items: stretch;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {