From d3cb889385c2ced108a5bb21cfddee524970be75 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Anssi Kostiainen <anssi.kostiainen@intel.com>
Date: Tue, 13 Dec 2022 19:12:38 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Merge pull request #315 from zolkis/fix-error-handling

SHA: 393cd2aaf024c67a363a134c6695444cc4ab858d
Reason: push, by anssiko

Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 index.html | 53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------
 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index 7f597693..a1f09d72 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
   <link href="https://www.w3.org/2008/site/images/favicon.ico" rel="icon">
   <meta content="Bikeshed version 26e85e599, updated Thu Dec 8 15:29:31 2022 -0800" name="generator">
   <link href="https://www.w3.org/TR/webnn/" rel="canonical">
-  <meta content="1a8de89b898796e2feaeba938c64e0cd5ce5177e" name="document-revision">
+  <meta content="393cd2aaf024c67a363a134c6695444cc4ab858d" name="document-revision">
 <style>
 /* Make <dl> blocks more distinct from their surroundings. */
 main dl:not(.switch) {
@@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@ <h2 class="heading settled" data-level="4" id="privacy"><span class="secno">4. <
    <p class="note" role="note"><span>Note:</span> The group is <a href="https://github.com/webmachinelearning/webnn/issues/85">soliciting further input</a> on the proposed execution time analysis fingerprinting vector and will augment this section with more information and mitigations to inform the implementers of this API.</p>
    <p>Unlike WebGPU, this API does not intrinsically support custom shader authoring; and as a result is not prone to timing attacks that rely on shader caches, or other persistent data. The API builds upon pre-existing shaders and lower level primitives of the browser or the underlying OS. Web developers who interface with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#gpu-device" id="ref-for-gpu-device①">GPUDevice</a></code> are expected to be aware of <a href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#privacy-user-agent-state">WebGPU compilation cache considerations</a>.</p>
    <p>The WebGPU API identifies <a href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#privacy-machine-artifacts">machine-specific artifacts</a> as a privacy consideration. Given the WebNN API defines means to record an ML workload onto a WebGPU-compatible <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#command-buffers" id="ref-for-command-buffers">GPUCommandBuffer</a></code>, compute unit scheduling may under certain circumstances introduce a fingerprint. However, similarly to WebGPU, such fingerprints are identical across most or all of the devices of each vendor, mitigating the concern. Furthermore, software implementations can be used to further eliminate such artifacts.</p>
-   <p>The WebNN API defines two developer-settable preferences to help inform <a href="#programming-model-device-selection">§ 6.2 Device Selection</a> and allow the implementation to better select the most appropriate underlying execution device for the workload. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#device-type" id="ref-for-device-type">Device type</a> normatively indicates the kind of device and is either "cpu" or "gpu". If this type cannot be satisfied, an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror">OperationError</a></code> exception is thrown, thus this type can in some cases add two bits of entropy to the fingerprint. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#power-preference" id="ref-for-power-preference">Power preference</a> indicates preference as related to the power consumption and is considered a hint only and as such does not increase entropy of the fingerprint.</p>
+   <p>The WebNN API defines two developer-settable preferences to help inform <a href="#programming-model-device-selection">§ 6.2 Device Selection</a> and allow the implementation to better select the most appropriate underlying execution device for the workload. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#device-type" id="ref-for-device-type">Device type</a> normatively indicates the kind of device and is either "cpu" or "gpu". If this type cannot be satisfied, an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException">DOMException</a></code> is thrown, thus this type can in some cases add two bits of entropy to the fingerprint. <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#power-preference" id="ref-for-power-preference">Power preference</a> indicates preference as related to the power consumption and is considered a hint only and as such does not increase entropy of the fingerprint.</p>
    <p>If a future version of this specification introduces support for new a <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#device-type" id="ref-for-device-type①">device type</a> that can only support a subset of <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#enumdef-mloperandtype" id="ref-for-enumdef-mloperandtype">MLOperandType</a></code>s, that may introduce a new fingerprint.</p>
    <p>In general, implementers of this API are expected to apply <a href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#privacy-considerations">WebGPU Privacy Considerations</a> to their implementations where applicable.</p>
    <h2 class="heading settled" data-level="5" id="ethics"><span class="secno">5. </span><span class="content">Ethical Considerations</span><a class="self-link" href="#ethics"></a></h2>
@@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.2.2" id="api-ml-createcontext"><span c
     The <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-ml-createcontext" id="ref-for-dom-ml-createcontext①">createContext()</a></code> method steps are: 
    <ol>
     <li data-md>
-     <p>If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this">this</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-global" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-global">relevant global object</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#concept-document-window" id="ref-for-concept-document-window">associated Document</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/iframe-embed-object.html#allowed-to-use" id="ref-for-allowed-to-use">allowed to use</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#webnn-feature" id="ref-for-webnn-feature">webnn</a> feature, return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#a-new-promise" id="ref-for-a-new-promise">a new promise</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject">rejected</a> with a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#securityerror" id="ref-for-securityerror">SecurityError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
+     <p>If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this">this</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-global" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-global">relevant global object</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#concept-document-window" id="ref-for-concept-document-window">associated Document</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/iframe-embed-object.html#allowed-to-use" id="ref-for-allowed-to-use">allowed to use</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#webnn-feature" id="ref-for-webnn-feature">webnn</a> feature, return <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#a-new-promise" id="ref-for-a-new-promise">a new promise</a> <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject">rejected</a> with a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#securityerror" id="ref-for-securityerror">SecurityError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
     <li data-md>
      <p>Let <var>promise</var> be <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#a-new-promise" id="ref-for-a-new-promise①">a new promise</a>.</p>
     <li data-md>
@@ -1274,7 +1274,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.2.2" id="api-ml-createcontext"><span c
        </ol>
      </ol>
     <li data-md>
-     <p>If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#validate-mlcontext" id="ref-for-validate-mlcontext">validate MLContext</a> steps given <var>context</var> return <code>false</code>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject①">reject</a> <var>promise</var> with a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#notsupportederror" id="ref-for-notsupportederror">NotSupportedError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
+     <p>If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#validate-mlcontext" id="ref-for-validate-mlcontext">validate MLContext</a> steps given <var>context</var> return <code>false</code>, <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject①">reject</a> <var>promise</var> with a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#notsupportederror" id="ref-for-notsupportederror">NotSupportedError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException②">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
     <li data-md>
      <p><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#resolve" id="ref-for-resolve">Resolve</a> <var>promise</var> with <var>context</var>.</p>
    </ol>
@@ -1282,13 +1282,13 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.2.3" id="api-ml-createcontextsync"><sp
     The <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-ml-createcontextsync" id="ref-for-dom-ml-createcontextsync①">createContextSync()</a></code> method steps are: 
    <ol>
     <li data-md>
-     <p>If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①">this</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-global" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-global①">relevant global object</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#concept-document-window" id="ref-for-concept-document-window①">associated Document</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/iframe-embed-object.html#allowed-to-use" id="ref-for-allowed-to-use①">allowed to use</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#webnn-feature" id="ref-for-webnn-feature①">webnn</a> feature, throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#securityerror" id="ref-for-securityerror①">SecurityError</a></code>" and abort these steps.</p>
+     <p>If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this①">this</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-global" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-global①">relevant global object</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#concept-document-window" id="ref-for-concept-document-window①">associated Document</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/iframe-embed-object.html#allowed-to-use" id="ref-for-allowed-to-use①">allowed to use</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#webnn-feature" id="ref-for-webnn-feature①">webnn</a> feature, throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#securityerror" id="ref-for-securityerror①">SecurityError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException③">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
     <li data-md>
      <p>Let <var>options</var> be the first argument.</p>
     <li data-md>
      <p>Let <var>context</var> be the result of running the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#create-context" id="ref-for-create-context">create context</a> steps given <var>options</var>.</p>
     <li data-md>
-     <p>If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#validate-mlcontext" id="ref-for-validate-mlcontext①">validate MLContext</a> steps given <var>context</var> return <code>false</code>, throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#notsupportederror" id="ref-for-notsupportederror①">NotSupportedError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException②">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
+     <p>If the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#validate-mlcontext" id="ref-for-validate-mlcontext①">validate MLContext</a> steps given <var>context</var> return <code>false</code>, throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#notsupportederror" id="ref-for-notsupportederror①">NotSupportedError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException④">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
     <li data-md>
      <p>Return <var>context</var>.</p>
    </ol>
@@ -1350,7 +1350,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.1" id="api-mlcontext-validate"><span
      <p>Return <code>true</code>;</p>
    </ol>
    <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.2" id="api-mlcontext-sync-execution"><span class="secno">7.3.2. </span><span class="content">Synchronous Execution</span><a class="self-link" href="#api-mlcontext-sync-execution"></a></h4>
-    Synchronously carries out the computational workload of a compiled graph <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlgraph" id="ref-for-mlgraph⑥">MLGraph</a></code> on the calling thread, which must be a worker thread, to produce results as defined by the operations in the graph. This method of execution requires an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑤">MLContext</a></code> created with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dictdef-mlcontextoptions" id="ref-for-dictdef-mlcontextoptions⑤">MLContextOptions</a></code>. Otherwise, it throws an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror①">OperationError</a></code> exception. 
+    Synchronously carries out the computational workload of a compiled graph <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlgraph" id="ref-for-mlgraph⑥">MLGraph</a></code> on the calling thread, which must be a worker thread, to produce results as defined by the operations in the graph. This method of execution requires an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑤">MLContext</a></code> created with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dictdef-mlcontextoptions" id="ref-for-dictdef-mlcontextoptions⑤">MLContextOptions</a></code>. Otherwise, it throws an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror①">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑤">DOMException</a></code>. 
 <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>partial</c-> <c- b>interface</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑥"><c- g>MLContext</c-></a> {
   [<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="extended-attribute" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#Exposed" id="ref-for-Exposed④"><c- g>Exposed</c-></a>=(<c- n>DedicatedWorker</c->)]
   <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined"><c- b>undefined</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="MLContext" data-dfn-type="method" data-export data-lt="computeSync(graph, inputs, outputs)" id="dom-mlcontext-computesync"><code><c- g>computeSync</c-></code></dfn>(
@@ -1370,7 +1370,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.2" id="api-mlcontext-sync-execution"
     <p><strong>Returns:</strong> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined①">undefined</a></code>.</p>
     <ol>
      <li data-md>
-      <p>If any of the following requirements are unmet, then throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror">DataError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException③">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+      <p>If any of the following requirements are unmet, then throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror">DataError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑥">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
       <div class="validusage">
        <ol>
         <li data-md>
@@ -1426,7 +1426,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.2" id="api-mlcontext-sync-execution"
         <p>If there is an error returned by <var>graph</var>.<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot" id="ref-for-dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot③">[[implementation]]</a></code>, then:</p>
         <ol>
          <li data-md>
-          <p>Throw an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror②">OperationError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException④">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+          <p>Throw an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror②">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑦">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
         </ol>
        <li data-md>
         <p>Else:</p>
@@ -1434,12 +1434,12 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.2" id="api-mlcontext-sync-execution"
          <li data-md>
           <p>Let <var>outputTensor</var> be the output tensor returned by <var>graph</var>.<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot" id="ref-for-dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot④">[[implementation]]</a></code>.</p>
          <li data-md>
-          <p>If the data type of <var>outputTensor</var> doesn’t match the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#table-the-typedarray-constructors" id="ref-for-table-the-typedarray-constructors①">element type</a> of <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#ArrayBufferView" id="ref-for-ArrayBufferView⑦">ArrayBufferView</a></code> <var>value</var>, then throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror①">DataError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑤">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+          <p>If the data type of <var>outputTensor</var> doesn’t match the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#table-the-typedarray-constructors" id="ref-for-table-the-typedarray-constructors①">element type</a> of <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#ArrayBufferView" id="ref-for-ArrayBufferView⑦">ArrayBufferView</a></code> <var>value</var>, then throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror①">DataError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑧">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
          <li data-md>
           <p>If the byte length of <var>outputTensor</var> is not equal to <var>value</var>.[[ByteLength]], then:</p>
           <ol>
            <li data-md>
-            <p>Throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror②">DataError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑥">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+            <p>Throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror②">DataError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑨">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
           </ol>
          <li data-md>
           <p>Else:</p>
@@ -1487,7 +1487,7 @@ <h5 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.2.1" id="compilation-examples"><span
 </pre>
    </div>
    <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.3" id="api-mlcontext-async-execution"><span class="secno">7.3.3. </span><span class="content">Asynchronous Execution</span><a class="self-link" href="#api-mlcontext-async-execution"></a></h4>
-    Asynchronously carries out the computational workload of a compiled graph <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlgraph" id="ref-for-mlgraph⑨">MLGraph</a></code> on a separate timeline, either on a worker thread for the CPU execution, or on a GPU timeline for the submission of GPU workload on the command queue. The asynchronous nature of this call avoids blocking the calling thread while the computation for result is ongoing. This method of execution requires an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑦">MLContext</a></code> created with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dictdef-mlcontextoptions" id="ref-for-dictdef-mlcontextoptions⑥">MLContextOptions</a></code>. Otherwise, it throws an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror③">OperationError</a></code> exception. 
+    Asynchronously carries out the computational workload of a compiled graph <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlgraph" id="ref-for-mlgraph⑨">MLGraph</a></code> on a separate timeline, either on a worker thread for the CPU execution, or on a GPU timeline for the submission of GPU workload on the command queue. The asynchronous nature of this call avoids blocking the calling thread while the computation for result is ongoing. This method of execution requires an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑦">MLContext</a></code> created with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dictdef-mlcontextoptions" id="ref-for-dictdef-mlcontextoptions⑥">MLContextOptions</a></code>. Otherwise, it throws an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror③">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①⓪">DOMException</a></code>. 
 <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>partial</c-> <c- b>interface</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑧"><c- g>MLContext</c-></a> {
   <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-promise" id="ref-for-idl-promise③"><c- b>Promise</c-></a>&lt;<a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined③"><c- b>undefined</c-></a>> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="MLContext" data-dfn-type="method" data-export data-lt="compute(graph, inputs, outputs)" id="dom-mlcontext-compute"><code><c- g>compute</c-></code></dfn>(
       <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#mlgraph" id="ref-for-mlgraph①⓪"><c- n>MLGraph</c-></a> <dfn class="idl-code" data-dfn-for="MLContext/compute(graph, inputs, outputs)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-mlcontext-compute-graph-inputs-outputs-graph"><code><c- g>graph</c-></code><a class="self-link" href="#dom-mlcontext-compute-graph-inputs-outputs-graph"></a></dfn>, <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-mlnamedarraybufferviews" id="ref-for-typedefdef-mlnamedarraybufferviews⑥"><c- n>MLNamedArrayBufferViews</c-></a> <dfn class="idl-code" data-dfn-for="MLContext/compute(graph, inputs, outputs)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-mlcontext-compute-graph-inputs-outputs-inputs"><code><c- g>inputs</c-></code><a class="self-link" href="#dom-mlcontext-compute-graph-inputs-outputs-inputs"></a></dfn>, <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#typedefdef-mlnamedarraybufferviews" id="ref-for-typedefdef-mlnamedarraybufferviews⑦"><c- n>MLNamedArrayBufferViews</c-></a> <dfn class="idl-code" data-dfn-for="MLContext/compute(graph, inputs, outputs)" data-dfn-type="argument" data-export id="dom-mlcontext-compute-graph-inputs-outputs-outputs"><code><c- g>outputs</c-></code><a class="self-link" href="#dom-mlcontext-compute-graph-inputs-outputs-outputs"></a></dfn>);
@@ -1506,7 +1506,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.3" id="api-mlcontext-async-execution
     <p><strong>Returns:</strong> Promise&lt;<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined④">undefined</a></code>>.</p>
     <ol>
      <li data-md>
-      <p>If any of the following requirements are unmet, then throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror③">DataError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑦">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+      <p>If any of the following requirements are unmet, then throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror③">DataError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①①">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
       <div class="validusage">
        <ol>
         <li data-md>
@@ -1564,7 +1564,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.3" id="api-mlcontext-async-execution
         <p>If there is an error returned by <var>graph</var>.<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot" id="ref-for-dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot⑧">[[implementation]]</a></code>, then:</p>
         <ol>
          <li data-md>
-          <p><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject②">reject</a> <var>promise</var> with an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror④">OperationError</a></code> and stop.</p>
+          <p><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject②">reject</a> <var>promise</var> with an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror④">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①②">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
         </ol>
        <li data-md>
         <p>Else:</p>
@@ -1574,12 +1574,12 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.3" id="api-mlcontext-async-execution
          <li data-md>
           <p>Let <var>outputDesc</var> be <var>graph</var>.<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-mlgraph-outputdescriptors-slot" id="ref-for-dom-mlgraph-outputdescriptors-slot④">[[outputDescriptors]]</a></code>[<var>key</var>].</p>
          <li data-md>
-          <p>If the data type of <var>outputTensor</var> doesn’t match the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#table-the-typedarray-constructors" id="ref-for-table-the-typedarray-constructors③">element type</a> of <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#ArrayBufferView" id="ref-for-ArrayBufferView①①">ArrayBufferView</a></code> <var>value</var>, then throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror④">DataError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑧">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+          <p>If the data type of <var>outputTensor</var> doesn’t match the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://tc39.es/ecma262/#table-the-typedarray-constructors" id="ref-for-table-the-typedarray-constructors③">element type</a> of <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#ArrayBufferView" id="ref-for-ArrayBufferView①①">ArrayBufferView</a></code> <var>value</var>, then throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror④">DataError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①③">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
          <li data-md>
           <p>If the byte length of <var>outputTensor</var> is not equal to <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#mloperanddescriptor-byte-length" id="ref-for-mloperanddescriptor-byte-length④">byte length</a> of <var>outputDesc</var>, then:</p>
           <ol>
            <li data-md>
-            <p><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject③">reject</a> <var>promise</var> with an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror⑤">OperationError</a></code> and stop.</p>
+            <p><a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#reject" id="ref-for-reject③">reject</a> <var>promise</var> with an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror⑤">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①④">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
           </ol>
          <li data-md>
           <p>Else:</p>
@@ -1596,7 +1596,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.3" id="api-mlcontext-async-execution
     </ol>
    </div>
    <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.3.4" id="api-mlcontext-webgpu-interop"><span class="secno">7.3.4. </span><span class="content">WebGPU Interoperability</span><a class="self-link" href="#api-mlcontext-webgpu-interop"></a></h4>
-    Create <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcommandencoder" id="ref-for-mlcommandencoder①">MLCommandEncoder</a></code> interface used to record the ML workload onto a WebGPU-compatible <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#command-buffers" id="ref-for-command-buffers②">GPUCommandBuffer</a></code> to allow mixing of ML workload with other GPU workload in an application that leverages WebGPU. This method only succeeds on an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑨">MLContext</a></code> created with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#gpu-device" id="ref-for-gpu-device⑥">GPUDevice</a></code>. Otherwise, it throws an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror⑥">OperationError</a></code> exception. 
+    Create <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcommandencoder" id="ref-for-mlcommandencoder①">MLCommandEncoder</a></code> interface used to record the ML workload onto a WebGPU-compatible <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#command-buffers" id="ref-for-command-buffers②">GPUCommandBuffer</a></code> to allow mixing of ML workload with other GPU workload in an application that leverages WebGPU. This method only succeeds on an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext②⑨">MLContext</a></code> created with <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://gpuweb.github.io/gpuweb/#gpu-device" id="ref-for-gpu-device⑥">GPUDevice</a></code>. Otherwise, it throws an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror⑥">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑤">DOMException</a></code>. 
 <pre class="idl highlight def"><c- b>partial</c-> <c- b>interface</c-> <a class="idl-code" data-link-type="interface" href="#mlcontext" id="ref-for-mlcontext③⓪"><c- g>MLContext</c-></a> {
   <a data-link-type="idl-name" href="#mlcommandencoder" id="ref-for-mlcommandencoder②"><c- n>MLCommandEncoder</c-></a> <dfn class="dfn-paneled idl-code" data-dfn-for="MLContext" data-dfn-type="method" data-export data-lt="createCommandEncoder()" id="dom-mlcontext-createcommandencoder"><code><c- g>createCommandEncoder</c-></code></dfn>();
 };
@@ -1701,7 +1701,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.7.1" id="api-mlgraphbuilder-constructo
     The <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#new" id="ref-for-new">new</a> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#mlgraphbuilder" id="ref-for-mlgraphbuilder①⑤">MLGraphBuilder</a></code> constructor steps are: 
    <ol>
     <li data-md>
-     <p>If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②">this</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-global" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-global②">relevant global object</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#concept-document-window" id="ref-for-concept-document-window②">associated Document</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/iframe-embed-object.html#allowed-to-use" id="ref-for-allowed-to-use②">allowed to use</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#webnn-feature" id="ref-for-webnn-feature②">webnn</a> feature, throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#securityerror" id="ref-for-securityerror②">SecurityError</a></code>" and abort these steps.</p>
+     <p>If <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#this" id="ref-for-this②">this</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#concept-relevant-global" id="ref-for-concept-relevant-global②">relevant global object</a>'s <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/nav-history-apis.html#concept-document-window" id="ref-for-concept-document-window②">associated Document</a> is not <a data-link-type="dfn" href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/iframe-embed-object.html#allowed-to-use" id="ref-for-allowed-to-use②">allowed to use</a> the <a data-link-type="dfn" href="#webnn-feature" id="ref-for-webnn-feature②">webnn</a> feature, throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#securityerror" id="ref-for-securityerror②">SecurityError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑥">DOMException</a></code> and abort these steps.</p>
     <li data-md>
      <p>Let <var>context</var> be the first argument.</p>
     <li data-md>
@@ -3431,7 +3431,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.9.2" id="api-mlcommandencoder-dispatch
     <p><strong>Returns:</strong> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined⑧">undefined</a></code>.</p>
     <ol>
      <li data-md>
-      <p>If any of the following requirements are unmet, then throw a <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror⑤">DataError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException⑨">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+      <p>If any of the following requirements are unmet, then throw a "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#dataerror" id="ref-for-dataerror⑤">DataError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑦">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
       <div class="validusage">
        <ol>
         <li data-md>
@@ -3482,7 +3482,7 @@ <h4 class="heading settled" data-level="7.9.2" id="api-mlcommandencoder-dispatch
       <p>If there is an error returned by <var>graph</var>.<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="#dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot" id="ref-for-dom-mlgraph-implementation-slot①③">[[implementation]]</a></code>, then:</p>
       <ol>
        <li data-md>
-        <p>Throw an <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror⑦">OperationError</a></code> <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①⓪">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
+        <p>Throw an "<code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#operationerror" id="ref-for-operationerror⑦">OperationError</a></code>" <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException" id="ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑧">DOMException</a></code> and stop.</p>
       </ol>
      <li data-md>
       <p>Return <code class="idl"><a data-link-type="idl" href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-undefined" id="ref-for-idl-undefined⑨">undefined</a></code>.</p>
@@ -4237,11 +4237,14 @@ <h3 class="no-num no-ref heading settled" id="index-defined-here"><span class="c
   <aside class="dfn-panel" data-for="term-for-idl-DOMException">
    <a href="https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException">https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/#idl-DOMException</a><b>Referenced in:</b>
    <ul>
-    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException">7.2.2. The createContext() method</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①">(2)</a>
-    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException②">7.2.3. The createContextSync() method</a>
-    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException③">7.3.2. Synchronous Execution</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException④">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑤">(3)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑥">(4)</a>
-    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑦">7.3.3. Asynchronous Execution</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑧">(2)</a>
-    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑨">7.9.2. Dispatch Execution Commands</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①⓪">(2)</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException">4. Privacy Considerations</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①">7.2.2. The createContext() method</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException②">(2)</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException③">7.2.3. The createContextSync() method</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException④">(2)</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑤">7.3.2. Synchronous Execution</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑥">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑦">(3)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑧">(4)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException⑨">(5)</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①⓪">7.3.3. Asynchronous Execution</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①①">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①②">(3)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①③">(4)</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①④">(5)</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑤">7.3.4. WebGPU Interoperability</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑥">7.7.1. The MLGraphBuilder constructor</a>
+    <li><a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑦">7.9.2. Dispatch Execution Commands</a> <a href="#ref-for-idl-DOMException①⑧">(2)</a>
    </ul>
   </aside>
   <aside class="dfn-panel" data-for="term-for-idl-DOMString">