diff --git a/.changeset/eighty-experts-camp.md b/.changeset/eighty-experts-camp.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d9a0f8738
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/eighty-experts-camp.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@rspress/core": minor
+---
+
+feat: add color-scheme on root to enable native color scheme features
diff --git a/.changeset/great-boats-notice.md b/.changeset/great-boats-notice.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4b9bea5d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/great-boats-notice.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+"@rspress/core": patch
+---
+
+fix: avoid flash of theme appearance in dev mode
diff --git a/packages/core/src/node/build.ts b/packages/core/src/node/build.ts
index 8626d52c8..e423a60ae 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/node/build.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/node/build.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import fs from '@rspress/shared/fs-extra';
 import {
   PageData,
   UserConfig,
-  APPEARANCE_KEY,
   normalizeSlash,
   withBase,
   isDebugMode,
@@ -27,19 +26,6 @@ import { PluginDriver } from './PluginDriver';
 import type { Route } from '@/node/route/RouteService';
 import { routeService } from '@/node/route/init';
 
-// In the first render, the theme will be set according to the user's system theme
-const CHECK_DARK_LIGHT_SCRIPT = `
-<script id="check-dark-light">
-;(() => {
-  const saved = localStorage.getItem('${APPEARANCE_KEY}')
-  const prefereDark = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches
-  if (!saved || saved === 'auto' ? prefereDark : saved === 'dark') {
-    document.documentElement.classList.add('dark')
-  }
-})()
-</script>
-`;
-
 interface BuildOptions {
   appDirectory: string;
   docDirectory: string;
@@ -177,9 +163,6 @@ export async function renderPages(
                   helmet?.link?.toString(),
                   helmet?.style?.toString(),
                   helmet?.script?.toString(),
-                  config.themeConfig?.darkMode !== false
-                    ? CHECK_DARK_LIGHT_SCRIPT
-                    : '',
                 ])
                 .join(''),
             );
diff --git a/packages/core/src/node/constants.ts b/packages/core/src/node/constants.ts
index 11878bab8..650239153 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/node/constants.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/node/constants.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import path from 'path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
-import { RSPRESS_TEMP_DIR } from '@rspress/shared';
+import { APPEARANCE_KEY, RSPRESS_TEMP_DIR } from '@rspress/shared';
 
 export const isProduction = () => process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production';
 
@@ -8,6 +8,20 @@ export const isProduction = () => process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production';
 export const importStatementRegex =
   /import\s+(.*?)\s+from\s+(['"])(.*?)(?:"|');?/gm;
 
+// In the first render, the theme will be set according to the user's system theme
+// - Should be injected into both development and production modes
+// - Class hook (.dark) is set for internal use (Tailwind)
+// - Style hook (colorScheme) is set for external use (CSS media queries or `light-dark()` function)
+export const inlineThemeScript = `{
+  const saved = localStorage.getItem('${APPEARANCE_KEY}')
+  const preferDark = window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches
+  const isDark = !saved || saved === 'auto' ? preferDark : saved === 'dark'
+  document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', isDark)
+  document.documentElement.style.colorScheme = isDark ? 'dark' : 'light'
+}`
+  .replace(/\n/g, ';')
+  .replace(/\s{2,}/g, '');
+
 // @ts-expect-error
 const dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(new URL(import.meta.url)));
 
diff --git a/packages/core/src/node/initRsbuild.ts b/packages/core/src/node/initRsbuild.ts
index d009948a9..c0cd34823 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/node/initRsbuild.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/node/initRsbuild.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   PACKAGE_ROOT,
   OUTPUT_DIR,
   isProduction,
+  inlineThemeScript,
   PUBLIC_DIR,
 } from './constants';
 import { rsbuildPluginDocVM } from './runtimeModule';
@@ -104,6 +105,13 @@ async function createInternalBuildConfig(
       title: config?.title,
       favicon: normalizeIcon(config?.icon),
       template: path.join(PACKAGE_ROOT, 'index.html'),
+      tags: [
+        config.themeConfig?.darkMode !== false && {
+          tag: 'script',
+          children: inlineThemeScript,
+          append: false,
+        },
+      ].filter(Boolean),
     },
     output: {
       targets: isSSR ? ['node'] : ['web'],