diff --git a/src/elisa/util/integrate.py b/src/elisa/util/integrate.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4c4eaa91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/elisa/util/integrate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+"""Numerical integration."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any, Callable, Literal, get_args
+
+import jax.numpy as jnp
+from quadax import quadcc, quadgk, quadts, romberg, rombergts
+
+from elisa.util.typing import (
+    JAXArray,
+    JAXFloat,
+    ModelCompiledFn,
+    ParamID,
+    ParamIDValMapping,
+)
+
+AdaptQuadMethod = Literal['quadgk', 'quadcc', 'quadts', 'romberg', 'rombergts']
+IntegralFactory = Callable[[ModelCompiledFn], ModelCompiledFn]
+
+_QUAD_FN = dict(
+    zip(
+        get_args(AdaptQuadMethod), [quadgk, quadcc, quadts, romberg, rombergts]
+    )
+)
+
+
+def make_integral_factory(
+    param_id: ParamID,
+    interval: JAXArray,
+    method: AdaptQuadMethod = 'quadgk',
+    kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> Callable[[ModelCompiledFn], ModelCompiledFn]:
+    """Get integral factory over the interval.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    param_id : str
+        Parameter ID.
+    interval: array_like
+        The interval, a 2-element sequence.
+    method : {'quadgk', 'quadcc', 'quadts', 'romberg', 'rombergts'}, optional
+        Numerical integration method used to integrate over the parameter.
+        Available options are:
+            * 'quadgk' : global adaptive quadrature with Gauss-Konrod rule
+            * 'quadcc' : global adaptive quadrature with Clenshaw-Curtis rule
+            * 'quadts' : global adaptive quadrature with trapz tanh-sinh rule
+            * 'romberg' : Romberg integration
+            * 'rombergts' : Romberg integration with tanh-sinh (a.k.a. double
+              exponential) transformation
+        The default is 'quadgk'.
+    kwargs : dict, optional
+        Extra kwargs passed to integration methods. See [1]_ for details.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    integral_factory : callable
+        Given a model function, the integral factory outputs a new model
+        function with the interval parameter being integrated out.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] `quadax docs <https://quadax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html
+            #adaptive-integration-of-a-callable-function-or-method>`_
+
+    """
+    if method not in _QUAD_FN:
+        raise ValueError(f'unsupported method: {method}')
+
+    if jnp.shape(interval) != (2,):
+        raise ValueError('interval must be sequence of length 2')
+
+    quad = _QUAD_FN[method]
+    interval = jnp.asarray(interval, float)
+    kwargs = dict(kwargs) if kwargs is not None else {}
+
+    def integral_factory(model_fn: ModelCompiledFn) -> ModelCompiledFn:
+        """Integrate the model_fn over the interval."""
+
+        def integrand(
+            value: JAXFloat,
+            egrid: JAXArray,
+            params: ParamIDValMapping,
+        ) -> JAXArray:
+            """The integrand function."""
+            params[param_id] = value
+            return model_fn(egrid, params)
+
+        def integral(egrid: JAXArray, params: ParamIDValMapping) -> JAXArray:
+            """New model_fn with interval param being integrated out."""
+            args = (egrid, params)
+            quad_result = quad(integrand, interval, args, **kwargs)[0]
+            # when the integrand is independent of the interval parameter,
+            # the result is unaffected due to the 1/(b-a) factor
+            return quad_result / (interval[1] - interval[0])
+
+        return integral
+
+    return integral_factory