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Terraform Top Level Blocks

  • Terraform Block (>0.13 version) or Terraform Settings Block or Terraform Configuration Block
  • Provider Block
  • Resource Block
  • Input Variables Block
  • Output Values Block
  • Local Values Block
  • Data Sources Block
  • Modules Block

Terraform Block

  • Terraform block is used to specify various settings that apply to the entire Terraform project

  • It allows you to configure global settings and features.

  • Special block used to configure some behaviors of Terraform itself

  • You define

    • Required terraform version
    • Provider requirements
    • Configure terraform state file (backend)

  • Within a terraform block, only constant values can be used, arguments may not refer to named objects such as resources, input variables, etc, and may not use any of the Terraform language built-in functions.

  • This block is typically defined at the beginning of the Terraform configuration file usually with names like backend.tf and is enclosed within the terraform {} syntax

  • Example

    terraform {
required_version = "~> 0.14.3"
required_providers {
    aws = {
        source = "hashicorp/aws"
        version = "~> 5.0"
    }
}
backend "s3" {
    bucket = "my-tf-state-bucket"
    key    = "path/to/my/key"
}
}

    In this example:

    • required_version :

    • required_providers :

      • Specifies the provider requirements
      • aws : aws in aws = { ... } is a local name , this can be any name of your choice ex: myaws, awscloud. Preferred local name is namespace (hashicorp/aws)
      • The local name (aws , myaws, awscloud ) you mention in required providers is the name you should be using in provider section later
      • more details here : https://registry.terraform.io/providers/hashicorp/aws/latest/docs

    • backend :

      • Specifies the backend configuration for remote state storage.
      • In this case, it's configured to use an S3 bucket as the backend, and you provide the bucket name and key.

Provider Block

Terraform Provider

  • The provider block is used to configure the named provider,

    • example : aws,azure(azurerm), GCP(google), kubernetes, etc

  • The Terraform Provider Block is used to define and configure the cloud or infrastructure platform to manage resources

  • Providers act as plugins that enable Terraform to interact with cloud providers APIs.

  • A provider is responsible for creating and managing resources.

  • By default, providers are not installed along with terraform (it’s just exe file), but when you run the command 'terraform init' the plugins for the providers gets downloaded.

  • Multiple provider blocks can exist if a Terraform configuration is composed of multiple providers, which is a common situation.

  • Example - AWS Provider Block:

    provider "aws" {
region = "us-east-1"
}

    In this example:

    • provider: The keyword to start the provider block.
    • aws: The name of the provider. In this case, it's the AWS provider.
    • region = "us-east-1": Configuration parameters for the provider. Here, it specifies the AWS region as us-east-1 and all AWS resources will be configured and managed in this AWS region.

  • more details here :