diff --git a/core/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/IOFiber.scala b/core/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/IOFiber.scala
index f6214b50f8..ffea35d49c 100644
--- a/core/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/IOFiber.scala
+++ b/core/shared/src/main/scala/cats/effect/IOFiber.scala
@@ -241,7 +241,11 @@ private final class IOFiber[A](
 
         case 1 =>
           val cur = cur0.asInstanceOf[Error]
-          runLoop(failed(cur.t, 0), nextCancelation, nextAutoCede)
+          val ex = cur.t
+          if (!NonFatal(ex))
+            onFatalFailure(ex)
+
+          runLoop(failed(ex, 0), nextCancelation, nextAutoCede)
 
         case 2 =>
           val cur = cur0.asInstanceOf[Delay[Any]]
@@ -315,7 +319,11 @@ private final class IOFiber[A](
 
             case 1 =>
               val error = ioe.asInstanceOf[Error]
-              runLoop(failed(error.t, 0), nextCancelation - 1, nextAutoCede)
+              val ex = error.t
+              if (!NonFatal(ex))
+                onFatalFailure(ex)
+
+              runLoop(failed(ex, 0), nextCancelation - 1, nextAutoCede)
 
             case 2 =>
               val delay = ioe.asInstanceOf[Delay[Any]]
@@ -382,7 +390,11 @@ private final class IOFiber[A](
 
             case 1 =>
               val error = ioe.asInstanceOf[Error]
-              runLoop(failed(error.t, 0), nextCancelation - 1, nextAutoCede)
+              val ex = error.t
+              if (!NonFatal(ex))
+                onFatalFailure(ex)
+
+              runLoop(failed(ex, 0), nextCancelation - 1, nextAutoCede)
 
             case 2 =>
               val delay = ioe.asInstanceOf[Delay[Any]]
@@ -434,6 +446,8 @@ private final class IOFiber[A](
             case 1 =>
               val error = ioa.asInstanceOf[Error]
               val t = error.t
+              if (!NonFatal(t))
+                onFatalFailure(t)
               // We need to augment the exception here because it doesn't get
               // forwarded to the `failed` path.
               Tracing.augmentThrowable(runtime.enhancedExceptions, t, tracingEvents)
diff --git a/tests/js/src/main/scala/catseffect/examplesplatform.scala b/tests/js/src/main/scala/catseffect/examplesplatform.scala
index 44081e467f..ba5a1a743e 100644
--- a/tests/js/src/main/scala/catseffect/examplesplatform.scala
+++ b/tests/js/src/main/scala/catseffect/examplesplatform.scala
@@ -45,6 +45,10 @@ package examples {
     register(Arguments)
     register(NonFatalError)
     register(FatalError)
+    register(RaiseFatalErrorAttempt)
+    register(RaiseFatalErrorHandle)
+    register(RaiseFatalErrorMap)
+    register(RaiseFatalErrorFlatMap)
     registerRaw(FatalErrorRaw)
     register(Canceled)
     registerLazy("catseffect.examples.GlobalRacingInit", GlobalRacingInit)
diff --git a/tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/IOAppSpec.scala b/tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/IOAppSpec.scala
index 82b75f7a1a..39cdda2de5 100644
--- a/tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/IOAppSpec.scala
+++ b/tests/jvm/src/test/scala/cats/effect/IOAppSpec.scala
@@ -187,6 +187,34 @@ class IOAppSpec extends Specification {
           h.stderr() must contain("Boom!")
         }
 
+        "exit on raising a fatal error with attempt" in {
+          val h = platform(RaiseFatalErrorAttempt, List.empty)
+          h.awaitStatus() mustEqual 1
+          h.stderr() must contain("Boom!")
+          h.stdout() must not(contain("sadness"))
+        }
+
+        "exit on raising a fatal error with handleError" in {
+          val h = platform(RaiseFatalErrorHandle, List.empty)
+          h.awaitStatus() mustEqual 1
+          h.stderr() must contain("Boom!")
+          h.stdout() must not(contain("sadness"))
+        }
+
+        "exit on raising a fatal error inside a map" in {
+          val h = platform(RaiseFatalErrorMap, List.empty)
+          h.awaitStatus() mustEqual 1
+          h.stderr() must contain("Boom!")
+          h.stdout() must not(contain("sadness"))
+        }
+
+        "exit on raising a fatal error inside a flatMap" in {
+          val h = platform(RaiseFatalErrorFlatMap, List.empty)
+          h.awaitStatus() mustEqual 1
+          h.stderr() must contain("Boom!")
+          h.stdout() must not(contain("sadness"))
+        }
+
         "warn on global runtime collision" in {
           val h = platform(GlobalRacingInit, List.empty)
           h.awaitStatus() mustEqual 0
diff --git a/tests/shared/src/main/scala/catseffect/examples.scala b/tests/shared/src/main/scala/catseffect/examples.scala
index d1262bec53..682302a047 100644
--- a/tests/shared/src/main/scala/catseffect/examples.scala
+++ b/tests/shared/src/main/scala/catseffect/examples.scala
@@ -58,6 +58,44 @@ package examples {
     }
   }
 
+  object RaiseFatalErrorAttempt extends IOApp {
+    def run(args: List[String]): IO[ExitCode] = {
+      IO.raiseError[Unit](new OutOfMemoryError("Boom!"))
+        .attempt
+        .flatMap(_ => IO.println("sadness"))
+        .as(ExitCode.Success)
+    }
+  }
+
+  object RaiseFatalErrorHandle extends IOApp {
+    def run(args: List[String]): IO[ExitCode] = {
+      IO.raiseError[Unit](new OutOfMemoryError("Boom!"))
+        .handleError(_ => ())
+        .flatMap(_ => IO.println("sadness"))
+        .as(ExitCode.Success)
+    }
+  }
+
+  object RaiseFatalErrorMap extends IOApp {
+    def run(args: List[String]): IO[ExitCode] = {
+      IO.raiseError[Unit](new OutOfMemoryError("Boom!"))
+        .map(_ => ())
+        .handleError(_ => ())
+        .flatMap(_ => IO.println("sadness"))
+        .as(ExitCode.Success)
+    }
+  }
+
+  object RaiseFatalErrorFlatMap extends IOApp {
+    def run(args: List[String]): IO[ExitCode] = {
+      IO.raiseError[Unit](new OutOfMemoryError("Boom!"))
+        .flatMap(_ => IO(()))
+        .handleError(_ => ())
+        .flatMap(_ => IO.println("sadness"))
+        .as(ExitCode.Success)
+    }
+  }
+
   object Canceled extends IOApp {
     def run(args: List[String]): IO[ExitCode] =
       IO.canceled.as(ExitCode.Success)