nob.h

/* nob - v1.1.0 - Public Domain - https://github.com/tsoding/nob

   This library is the next generation of the [NoBuild](https://github.com/tsoding/nobuild) idea.

   Quick example:

      ```c
      // nob.c
      #define NOB_IMPLEMENTATION
      #include "nob.h"

      int main(int argc, char **argv)
      {
          NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF(argc, argv);
          Nob_Cmd cmd = {0};
          nob_cmd_append(&cmd, "cc", "-Wall", "-Wextra", "-o", "main", "main.c");
          if (!nob_cmd_run_sync(cmd)) return 1;
          return 0;
      }
      ```

      ```console
      $ cc -o nob nob.c
      $ ./nob
      ```

      The `nob` automatically rebuilds itself if `nob.c` is modified thanks to
      the `NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF` macro (don't forget to check out how it works below)
*/

#ifndef NOB_H_
#define NOB_H_

#define NOB_ASSERT assert
#define NOB_REALLOC realloc
#define NOB_FREE free

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
#    define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#    define _WINUSER_
#    define _WINGDI_
#    define _IMM_
#    define _WINCON_
#    include <windows.h>
#    include <direct.h>
#    include <shellapi.h>
#else
#    include <sys/types.h>
#    include <sys/wait.h>
#    include <sys/stat.h>
#    include <unistd.h>
#    include <fcntl.h>
#endif

#ifdef _WIN32
#    define NOB_LINE_END "\r\n"
#else
#    define NOB_LINE_END "\n"
#endif

#define NOB_ARRAY_LEN(array) (sizeof(array)/sizeof(array[0]))
#define NOB_ARRAY_GET(array, index) \
    (NOB_ASSERT((size_t)index < NOB_ARRAY_LEN(array)), array[(size_t)index])

typedef enum {
    NOB_INFO,
    NOB_WARNING,
    NOB_ERROR,
    NOB_NO_LOGS,
} Nob_Log_Level;

// Any messages with the level below nob_minimal_log_level are going to be suppressed.
Nob_Log_Level nob_minimal_log_level = NOB_INFO;

void nob_log(Nob_Log_Level level, const char *fmt, ...);

// It is an equivalent of shift command from bash. It basically pops an element from
// the beginning of a sized array.
#define nob_shift(xs, xs_sz) (NOB_ASSERT((xs_sz) > 0), (xs_sz)--, *(xs)++)
// NOTE: nob_shift_args() is an alias for an old variant of nob_shift that only worked with
// the command line arguments passed to the main() function. nob_shift() is more generic.
// So nob_shift_args() is semi-deprecated, but I don't see much reason to urgently
// remove it. This alias does not hurt anybody.
#define nob_shift_args(argc, argv) nob_shift(*argv, *argc)

typedef struct {
    const char **items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_File_Paths;

typedef enum {
    NOB_FILE_REGULAR = 0,
    NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY,
    NOB_FILE_SYMLINK,
    NOB_FILE_OTHER,
} Nob_File_Type;

bool nob_mkdir_if_not_exists(const char *path);
bool nob_copy_file(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path);
bool nob_copy_directory_recursively(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path);
bool nob_read_entire_dir(const char *parent, Nob_File_Paths *children);
bool nob_write_entire_file(const char *path, const void *data, size_t size);
Nob_File_Type nob_get_file_type(const char *path);

#define nob_return_defer(value) do { result = (value); goto defer; } while(0)

// Initial capacity of a dynamic array
#define NOB_DA_INIT_CAP 256

// Append an item to a dynamic array
#define nob_da_append(da, item)                                                          \
    do {                                                                                 \
        if ((da)->count >= (da)->capacity) {                                             \
            (da)->capacity = (da)->capacity == 0 ? NOB_DA_INIT_CAP : (da)->capacity*2;   \
            (da)->items = NOB_REALLOC((da)->items, (da)->capacity*sizeof(*(da)->items)); \
            NOB_ASSERT((da)->items != NULL && "Buy more RAM lol");                       \
        }                                                                                \
                                                                                         \
        (da)->items[(da)->count++] = (item);                                             \
    } while (0)

#define nob_da_free(da) NOB_FREE((da).items)

// Append several items to a dynamic array
#define nob_da_append_many(da, new_items, new_items_count)                                  \
    do {                                                                                    \
        if ((da)->count + (new_items_count) > (da)->capacity) {                               \
            if ((da)->capacity == 0) {                                                      \
                (da)->capacity = NOB_DA_INIT_CAP;                                           \
            }                                                                               \
            while ((da)->count + (new_items_count) > (da)->capacity) {                        \
                (da)->capacity *= 2;                                                        \
            }                                                                               \
            (da)->items = NOB_REALLOC((da)->items, (da)->capacity*sizeof(*(da)->items)); \
            NOB_ASSERT((da)->items != NULL && "Buy more RAM lol");                          \
        }                                                                                   \
        memcpy((da)->items + (da)->count, (new_items), (new_items_count)*sizeof(*(da)->items)); \
        (da)->count += (new_items_count);                                                     \
    } while (0)

typedef struct {
    char *items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_String_Builder;

bool nob_read_entire_file(const char *path, Nob_String_Builder *sb);

// Append a sized buffer to a string builder
#define nob_sb_append_buf(sb, buf, size) nob_da_append_many(sb, buf, size)

// Append a NULL-terminated string to a string builder
#define nob_sb_append_cstr(sb, cstr)  \
    do {                              \
        const char *s = (cstr);       \
        size_t n = strlen(s);         \
        nob_da_append_many(sb, s, n); \
    } while (0)

// Append a single NULL character at the end of a string builder. So then you can
// use it a NULL-terminated C string
#define nob_sb_append_null(sb) nob_da_append_many(sb, "", 1)

// Free the memory allocated by a string builder
#define nob_sb_free(sb) NOB_FREE((sb).items)

// Process handle
#ifdef _WIN32
typedef HANDLE Nob_Proc;
#define NOB_INVALID_PROC INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
#else
typedef int Nob_Proc;
#define NOB_INVALID_PROC (-1)
#endif // _WIN32

typedef struct {
    Nob_Proc *items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_Procs;

bool nob_procs_wait(Nob_Procs procs);

// Wait until the process has finished
bool nob_proc_wait(Nob_Proc proc);

// A command - the main workhorse of Nob. Nob is all about building commands an running them
typedef struct {
    const char **items;
    size_t count;
    size_t capacity;
} Nob_Cmd;

// Render a string representation of a command into a string builder. Keep in mind the the
// string builder is not NULL-terminated by default. Use nob_sb_append_null if you plan to
// use it as a C string.
void nob_cmd_render(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_String_Builder *render);

#define nob_cmd_append(cmd, ...) \
    nob_da_append_many(cmd, \
                       ((const char*[]){__VA_ARGS__}), \
                       (sizeof((const char*[]){__VA_ARGS__})/sizeof(const char*)))

// Free all the memory allocated by command arguments
#define nob_cmd_free(cmd) NOB_FREE(cmd.items)

// Run command asynchronously
Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async(Nob_Cmd cmd);

// Run command synchronously
bool nob_cmd_run_sync(Nob_Cmd cmd);
// NOTE: nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset() is just like nob_cmd_run_sync() except it also resets cmd.count to 0
// so the Nob_Cmd instance can be seamlessly used several times in a row
bool nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd);

#ifndef NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY
#define NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY (8*1024*1024)
#endif // NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY
char *nob_temp_strdup(const char *cstr);
void *nob_temp_alloc(size_t size);
char *nob_temp_sprintf(const char *format, ...);
void nob_temp_reset(void);
size_t nob_temp_save(void);
void nob_temp_rewind(size_t checkpoint);

int is_path1_modified_after_path2(const char *path1, const char *path2);
bool nob_rename(const char *old_path, const char *new_path);
int nob_needs_rebuild(const char *output_path, const char **input_paths, size_t input_paths_count);
int nob_needs_rebuild1(const char *output_path, const char *input_path);
int nob_file_exists(const char *file_path);

// TODO: add MinGW support for Go Rebuild Urself™ Technology
#ifndef NOB_REBUILD_URSELF
#  if _WIN32
#    if defined(__GNUC__)
#       define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "gcc", "-o", binary_path, source_path
#    elif defined(__clang__)
#       define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "clang", "-o", binary_path, source_path
#    elif defined(_MSC_VER)
#       define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "cl.exe", nob_temp_sprintf("/Fe:%s", (binary_path)), source_path
#    endif
#  else
#    define NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path) "cc", "-o", binary_path, source_path
#  endif
#endif

// Go Rebuild Urself™ Technology
//
//   How to use it:
//     int main(int argc, char** argv) {
//         GO_REBUILD_URSELF(argc, argv);
//         // actual work
//         return 0;
//     }
//
//   After your added this macro every time you run ./nobuild it will detect
//   that you modified its original source code and will try to rebuild itself
//   before doing any actual work. So you only need to bootstrap your build system
//   once.
//
//   The modification is detected by comparing the last modified times of the executable
//   and its source code. The same way the make utility usually does it.
//
//   The rebuilding is done by using the REBUILD_URSELF macro which you can redefine
//   if you need a special way of bootstraping your build system. (which I personally
//   do not recommend since the whole idea of nobuild is to keep the process of bootstrapping
//   as simple as possible and doing all of the actual work inside of the nobuild)
//
#define NOB_GO_REBUILD_URSELF(argc, argv)                                                    \
    do {                                                                                     \
        const char *source_path = __FILE__;                                                  \
        assert(argc >= 1);                                                                   \
        const char *binary_path = argv[0];                                                   \
                                                                                             \
        int rebuild_is_needed = nob_needs_rebuild(binary_path, &source_path, 1);             \
        if (rebuild_is_needed < 0) exit(1);                                                  \
        if (rebuild_is_needed) {                                                             \
            Nob_String_Builder sb = {0};                                                     \
            nob_sb_append_cstr(&sb, binary_path);                                            \
            nob_sb_append_cstr(&sb, ".old");                                                 \
            nob_sb_append_null(&sb);                                                         \
                                                                                             \
            if (!nob_rename(binary_path, sb.items)) exit(1);                                 \
            Nob_Cmd rebuild = {0};                                                           \
            nob_cmd_append(&rebuild, NOB_REBUILD_URSELF(binary_path, source_path));          \
            bool rebuild_succeeded = nob_cmd_run_sync(rebuild);                              \
            nob_cmd_free(rebuild);                                                           \
            if (!rebuild_succeeded) {                                                        \
                nob_rename(sb.items, binary_path);                                           \
                exit(1);                                                                     \
            }                                                                                \
                                                                                             \
            Nob_Cmd cmd = {0};                                                               \
            nob_da_append_many(&cmd, argv, argc);                                            \
            if (!nob_cmd_run_sync(cmd)) exit(1);                                             \
            exit(0);                                                                         \
        }                                                                                    \
    } while(0)
// The implementation idea is stolen from https://github.com/zhiayang/nabs

typedef struct {
    size_t count;
    const char *data;
} Nob_String_View;

const char *nob_temp_sv_to_cstr(Nob_String_View sv);

Nob_String_View nob_sv_chop_by_delim(Nob_String_View *sv, char delim);
Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim(Nob_String_View sv);
bool nob_sv_eq(Nob_String_View a, Nob_String_View b);
Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_cstr(const char *cstr);
Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_parts(const char *data, size_t count);

// printf macros for String_View
#ifndef SV_Fmt
#define SV_Fmt "%.*s"
#endif // SV_Fmt
#ifndef SV_Arg
#define SV_Arg(sv) (int) (sv).count, (sv).data
#endif // SV_Arg
// USAGE:
//   String_View name = ...;
//   printf("Name: "SV_Fmt"\n", SV_Arg(name));


// minirent.h HEADER BEGIN ////////////////////////////////////////
// Copyright 2021 Alexey Kutepov <reximkut@gmail.com>
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
// a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
// permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
// the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
// included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
// NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
// LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
// OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
// ============================================================
//
// minirent — 0.0.1 — A subset of dirent interface for Windows.
//
// https://github.com/tsoding/minirent
//
// ============================================================
//
// ChangeLog (https://semver.org/ is implied)
//
//    0.0.2 Automatically include dirent.h on non-Windows
//          platforms
//    0.0.1 First Official Release

#ifndef _WIN32
#include <dirent.h>
#else // _WIN32

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include "windows.h"

struct dirent
{
    char d_name[MAX_PATH+1];
};

typedef struct DIR DIR;

static DIR *opendir(const char *dirpath);
static struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp);
static int closedir(DIR *dirp);
#endif // _WIN32
// minirent.h HEADER END ////////////////////////////////////////

#endif // NOB_H_

#ifdef NOB_IMPLEMENTATION

static size_t nob_temp_size = 0;
static char nob_temp[NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY] = {0};

bool nob_mkdir_if_not_exists(const char *path)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    int result = mkdir(path);
#else
    int result = mkdir(path, 0755);
#endif
    if (result < 0) {
        if (errno == EEXIST) {
            nob_log(NOB_INFO, "directory `%s` already exists", path);
            return true;
        }
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not create directory `%s`: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return false;
    }

    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "created directory `%s`", path);
    return true;
}

bool nob_copy_file(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path)
{
    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "copying %s -> %s", src_path, dst_path);
#ifdef _WIN32
    if (!CopyFile(src_path, dst_path, FALSE)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not copy file: %lu", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    return true;
#else
    int src_fd = -1;
    int dst_fd = -1;
    size_t buf_size = 32*1024;
    char *buf = NOB_REALLOC(NULL, buf_size);
    NOB_ASSERT(buf != NULL && "Buy more RAM lol!!");
    bool result = true;

    src_fd = open(src_path, O_RDONLY);
    if (src_fd < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %s", src_path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    struct stat src_stat;
    if (fstat(src_fd, &src_stat) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get mode of file %s: %s", src_path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    dst_fd = open(dst_path, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, src_stat.st_mode);
    if (dst_fd < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not create file %s: %s", dst_path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    for (;;) {
        ssize_t n = read(src_fd, buf, buf_size);
        if (n == 0) break;
        if (n < 0) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not read from file %s: %s", src_path, strerror(errno));
            nob_return_defer(false);
        }
        char *buf2 = buf;
        while (n > 0) {
            ssize_t m = write(dst_fd, buf2, n);
            if (m < 0) {
                nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not write to file %s: %s", dst_path, strerror(errno));
                nob_return_defer(false);
            }
            n    -= m;
            buf2 += m;
        }
    }

defer:
    free(buf);
    close(src_fd);
    close(dst_fd);
    return result;
#endif
}

void nob_cmd_render(Nob_Cmd cmd, Nob_String_Builder *render)
{
    for (size_t i = 0; i < cmd.count; ++i) {
        const char *arg = cmd.items[i];
        if (arg == NULL) break;
        if (i > 0) nob_sb_append_cstr(render, " ");
        if (!strchr(arg, ' ')) {
            nob_sb_append_cstr(render, arg);
        } else {
            nob_da_append(render, '\'');
            nob_sb_append_cstr(render, arg);
            nob_da_append(render, '\'');
        }
    }
}

Nob_Proc nob_cmd_run_async(Nob_Cmd cmd)
{
    if (cmd.count < 1) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not run empty command");
        return NOB_INVALID_PROC;
    }

    Nob_String_Builder sb = {0};
    nob_cmd_render(cmd, &sb);
    nob_sb_append_null(&sb);
    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "CMD: %s", sb.items);
    nob_sb_free(sb);
    memset(&sb, 0, sizeof(sb));

#ifdef _WIN32
    // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/creating-a-child-process-with-redirected-input-and-output

    STARTUPINFO siStartInfo;
    ZeroMemory(&siStartInfo, sizeof(siStartInfo));
    siStartInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
    // NOTE: theoretically setting NULL to std handles should not be a problem
    // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/getstdhandle?redirectedfrom=MSDN#attachdetach-behavior
    // TODO: check for errors in GetStdHandle
    siStartInfo.hStdError = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
    siStartInfo.hStdOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    siStartInfo.hStdInput = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
    siStartInfo.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;

    PROCESS_INFORMATION piProcInfo;
    ZeroMemory(&piProcInfo, sizeof(PROCESS_INFORMATION));

    // TODO: use a more reliable rendering of the command instead of cmd_render
    // cmd_render is for logging primarily
    nob_cmd_render(cmd, &sb);
    nob_sb_append_null(&sb);
    BOOL bSuccess = CreateProcessA(NULL, sb.items, NULL, NULL, TRUE, 0, NULL, NULL, &siStartInfo, &piProcInfo);
    nob_sb_free(sb);

    if (!bSuccess) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not create child process: %lu", GetLastError());
        return NOB_INVALID_PROC;
    }

    CloseHandle(piProcInfo.hThread);

    return piProcInfo.hProcess;
#else
    pid_t cpid = fork();
    if (cpid < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not fork child process: %s", strerror(errno));
        return NOB_INVALID_PROC;
    }

    if (cpid == 0) {
        // NOTE: This leaks a bit of memory in the child process.
        // But do we actually care? It's a one off leak anyway...
        Nob_Cmd cmd_null = {0};
        nob_da_append_many(&cmd_null, cmd.items, cmd.count);
        nob_cmd_append(&cmd_null, NULL);

        if (execvp(cmd.items[0], (char * const*) cmd_null.items) < 0) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not exec child process: %s", strerror(errno));
            exit(1);
        }
        NOB_ASSERT(0 && "unreachable");
    }

    return cpid;
#endif
}

bool nob_procs_wait(Nob_Procs procs)
{
    bool success = true;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < procs.count; ++i) {
        success = nob_proc_wait(procs.items[i]) && success;
    }
    return success;
}

bool nob_proc_wait(Nob_Proc proc)
{
    if (proc == NOB_INVALID_PROC) return false;

#ifdef _WIN32
    DWORD result = WaitForSingleObject(
                       proc,    // HANDLE hHandle,
                       INFINITE // DWORD  dwMilliseconds
                   );

    if (result == WAIT_FAILED) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not wait on child process: %lu", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }

    DWORD exit_status;
    if (!GetExitCodeProcess(proc, &exit_status)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not get process exit code: %lu", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }

    if (exit_status != 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command exited with exit code %lu", exit_status);
        return false;
    }

    CloseHandle(proc);

    return true;
#else
    for (;;) {
        int wstatus = 0;
        if (waitpid(proc, &wstatus, 0) < 0) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not wait on command (pid %d): %s", proc, strerror(errno));
            return false;
        }

        if (WIFEXITED(wstatus)) {
            int exit_status = WEXITSTATUS(wstatus);
            if (exit_status != 0) {
                nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command exited with exit code %d", exit_status);
                return false;
            }

            break;
        }

        if (WIFSIGNALED(wstatus)) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "command process was terminated by %s", strsignal(WTERMSIG(wstatus)));
            return false;
        }
    }

    return true;
#endif
}

bool nob_cmd_run_sync(Nob_Cmd cmd)
{
    Nob_Proc p = nob_cmd_run_async(cmd);
    if (p == NOB_INVALID_PROC) return false;
    return nob_proc_wait(p);
}

bool nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset(Nob_Cmd *cmd)
{
    Nob_Proc p = nob_cmd_run_sync(*cmd);
    cmd->count = 0;
    return p;
}

void nob_log(Nob_Log_Level level, const char *fmt, ...)
{
    if (level < nob_minimal_log_level) return;

    switch (level) {
    case NOB_INFO:
        fprintf(stderr, "[INFO] ");
        break;
    case NOB_WARNING:
        fprintf(stderr, "[WARNING] ");
        break;
    case NOB_ERROR:
        fprintf(stderr, "[ERROR] ");
        break;
    default:
        NOB_ASSERT(0 && "unreachable");
    }

    va_list args;
    va_start(args, fmt);
    vfprintf(stderr, fmt, args);
    va_end(args);
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}

bool nob_read_entire_dir(const char *parent, Nob_File_Paths *children)
{
    bool result = true;
    DIR *dir = NULL;

    dir = opendir(parent);
    if (dir == NULL) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open directory %s: %s", parent, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    errno = 0;
    struct dirent *ent = readdir(dir);
    while (ent != NULL) {
        nob_da_append(children, nob_temp_strdup(ent->d_name));
        ent = readdir(dir);
    }

    if (errno != 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not read directory %s: %s", parent, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

defer:
    if (dir) closedir(dir);
    return result;
}

bool nob_write_entire_file(const char *path, const void *data, size_t size)
{
    bool result = true;

    FILE *f = fopen(path, "wb");
    if (f == NULL) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s for writing: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }

    //           len
    //           v
    // aaaaaaaaaa
    //     ^
    //     data

    const char *buf = data;
    while (size > 0) {
        size_t n = fwrite(buf, 1, size, f);
        if (ferror(f)) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not write into file %s: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
            nob_return_defer(false);
        }
        size -= n;
        buf  += n;
    }

defer:
    if (f) fclose(f);
    return result;
}

Nob_File_Type nob_get_file_type(const char *path)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    DWORD attr = GetFileAttributesA(path);
    if (attr == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get file attributes of %s: %lu", path, GetLastError());
        return -1;
    }

    if (attr & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) return NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY;
    // TODO: detect symlinks on Windows (whatever that means on Windows anyway)
    return NOB_FILE_REGULAR;
#else // _WIN32
    struct stat statbuf;
    if (stat(path, &statbuf) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get stat of %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }

    switch (statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
        case S_IFDIR:  return NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY;
        case S_IFREG:  return NOB_FILE_REGULAR;
        case S_IFLNK:  return NOB_FILE_SYMLINK;
        default:       return NOB_FILE_OTHER;
    }
#endif // _WIN32
}

bool nob_copy_directory_recursively(const char *src_path, const char *dst_path)
{
    bool result = true;
    Nob_File_Paths children = {0};
    Nob_String_Builder src_sb = {0};
    Nob_String_Builder dst_sb = {0};
    size_t temp_checkpoint = nob_temp_save();

    Nob_File_Type type = nob_get_file_type(src_path);
    if (type < 0) return false;

    switch (type) {
        case NOB_FILE_DIRECTORY: {
            if (!nob_mkdir_if_not_exists(dst_path)) nob_return_defer(false);
            if (!nob_read_entire_dir(src_path, &children)) nob_return_defer(false);

            for (size_t i = 0; i < children.count; ++i) {
                if (strcmp(children.items[i], ".") == 0) continue;
                if (strcmp(children.items[i], "..") == 0) continue;

                src_sb.count = 0;
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&src_sb, src_path);
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&src_sb, "/");
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&src_sb, children.items[i]);
                nob_sb_append_null(&src_sb);

                dst_sb.count = 0;
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&dst_sb, dst_path);
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&dst_sb, "/");
                nob_sb_append_cstr(&dst_sb, children.items[i]);
                nob_sb_append_null(&dst_sb);

                if (!nob_copy_directory_recursively(src_sb.items, dst_sb.items)) {
                    nob_return_defer(false);
                }
            }
        } break;

        case NOB_FILE_REGULAR: {
            if (!nob_copy_file(src_path, dst_path)) {
                nob_return_defer(false);
            }
        } break;

        case NOB_FILE_SYMLINK: {
            nob_log(NOB_WARNING, "TODO: Copying symlinks is not supported yet");
        } break;

        case NOB_FILE_OTHER: {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Unsupported type of file %s", src_path);
            nob_return_defer(false);
        } break;

        default: NOB_ASSERT(0 && "unreachable");
    }

defer:
    nob_temp_rewind(temp_checkpoint);
    nob_da_free(src_sb);
    nob_da_free(dst_sb);
    nob_da_free(children);
    return result;
}

char *nob_temp_strdup(const char *cstr)
{
    size_t n = strlen(cstr);
    char *result = nob_temp_alloc(n + 1);
    NOB_ASSERT(result != NULL && "Increase NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY");
    memcpy(result, cstr, n);
    result[n] = '\0';
    return result;
}

void *nob_temp_alloc(size_t size)
{
    if (nob_temp_size + size > NOB_TEMP_CAPACITY) return NULL;
    void *result = &nob_temp[nob_temp_size];
    nob_temp_size += size;
    return result;
}

char *nob_temp_sprintf(const char *format, ...)
{
    va_list args;
    va_start(args, format);
    int n = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, format, args);
    va_end(args);

    NOB_ASSERT(n >= 0);
    char *result = nob_temp_alloc(n + 1);
    NOB_ASSERT(result != NULL && "Extend the size of the temporary allocator");
    // TODO: use proper arenas for the temporary allocator;
    va_start(args, format);
    vsnprintf(result, n + 1, format, args);
    va_end(args);

    return result;
}

void nob_temp_reset(void)
{
    nob_temp_size = 0;
}

size_t nob_temp_save(void)
{
    return nob_temp_size;
}

void nob_temp_rewind(size_t checkpoint)
{
    nob_temp_size = checkpoint;
}

const char *nob_temp_sv_to_cstr(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    char *result = nob_temp_alloc(sv.count + 1);
    NOB_ASSERT(result != NULL && "Extend the size of the temporary allocator");
    memcpy(result, sv.data, sv.count);
    result[sv.count] = '\0';
    return result;
}

int nob_needs_rebuild(const char *output_path, const char **input_paths, size_t input_paths_count)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    BOOL bSuccess;

    HANDLE output_path_fd = CreateFile(output_path, GENERIC_READ, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY, NULL);
    if (output_path_fd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        // NOTE: if output does not exist it 100% must be rebuilt
        if (GetLastError() == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) return 1;
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %lu", output_path, GetLastError());
        return -1;
    }
    FILETIME output_path_time;
    bSuccess = GetFileTime(output_path_fd, NULL, NULL, &output_path_time);
    CloseHandle(output_path_fd);
    if (!bSuccess) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get time of %s: %lu", output_path, GetLastError());
        return -1;
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < input_paths_count; ++i) {
        const char *input_path = input_paths[i];
        HANDLE input_path_fd = CreateFile(input_path, GENERIC_READ, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY, NULL);
        if (input_path_fd == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
            // NOTE: non-existing input is an error cause it is needed for building in the first place
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not open file %s: %lu", input_path, GetLastError());
            return -1;
        }
        FILETIME input_path_time;
        bSuccess = GetFileTime(input_path_fd, NULL, NULL, &input_path_time);
        CloseHandle(input_path_fd);
        if (!bSuccess) {
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not get time of %s: %lu", input_path, GetLastError());
            return -1;
        }

        // NOTE: if even a single input_path is fresher than output_path that's 100% rebuild
        if (CompareFileTime(&input_path_time, &output_path_time) == 1) return 1;
    }

    return 0;
#else
    struct stat statbuf = {0};

    if (stat(output_path, &statbuf) < 0) {
        // NOTE: if output does not exist it 100% must be rebuilt
        if (errno == ENOENT) return 1;
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not stat %s: %s", output_path, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }
    int output_path_time = statbuf.st_mtime;

    for (size_t i = 0; i < input_paths_count; ++i) {
        const char *input_path = input_paths[i];
        if (stat(input_path, &statbuf) < 0) {
            // NOTE: non-existing input is an error cause it is needed for building in the first place
            nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not stat %s: %s", input_path, strerror(errno));
            return -1;
        }
        int input_path_time = statbuf.st_mtime;
        // NOTE: if even a single input_path is fresher than output_path that's 100% rebuild
        if (input_path_time > output_path_time) return 1;
    }

    return 0;
#endif
}

int nob_needs_rebuild1(const char *output_path, const char *input_path)
{
    return nob_needs_rebuild(output_path, &input_path, 1);
}

bool nob_rename(const char *old_path, const char *new_path)
{
    nob_log(NOB_INFO, "renaming %s -> %s", old_path, new_path);
#ifdef _WIN32
    if (!MoveFileEx(old_path, new_path, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING)) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not rename %s to %s: %lu", old_path, new_path, GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
#else
    if (rename(old_path, new_path) < 0) {
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "could not rename %s to %s: %s", old_path, new_path, strerror(errno));
        return false;
    }
#endif // _WIN32
    return true;
}

bool nob_read_entire_file(const char *path, Nob_String_Builder *sb)
{
    bool result = true;

    FILE *f = fopen(path, "rb");
    if (f == NULL)                 nob_return_defer(false);
    if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END) < 0) nob_return_defer(false);
    long m = ftell(f);
    if (m < 0)                     nob_return_defer(false);
    if (fseek(f, 0, SEEK_SET) < 0) nob_return_defer(false);

    size_t new_count = sb->count + m;
    if (new_count > sb->capacity) {
        sb->items = realloc(sb->items, new_count);
        NOB_ASSERT(sb->items != NULL && "Buy more RAM lool!!");
        sb->capacity = new_count;
    }

    fread(sb->items + sb->count, m, 1, f);
    if (ferror(f)) {
        // TODO: Afaik, ferror does not set errno. So the error reporting in defer is not correct in this case.
        nob_return_defer(false);
    }
    sb->count = new_count;

defer:
    if (!result) nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not read file %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
    if (f) fclose(f);
    return result;
}

Nob_String_View nob_sv_chop_by_delim(Nob_String_View *sv, char delim)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    while (i < sv->count && sv->data[i] != delim) {
        i += 1;
    }

    Nob_String_View result = nob_sv_from_parts(sv->data, i);

    if (i < sv->count) {
        sv->count -= i + 1;
        sv->data  += i + 1;
    } else {
        sv->count -= i;
        sv->data  += i;
    }

    return result;
}

Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_parts(const char *data, size_t count)
{
    Nob_String_View sv;
    sv.count = count;
    sv.data = data;
    return sv;
}

Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim_left(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    while (i < sv.count && isspace(sv.data[i])) {
        i += 1;
    }

    return nob_sv_from_parts(sv.data + i, sv.count - i);
}

Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim_right(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    size_t i = 0;
    while (i < sv.count && isspace(sv.data[sv.count - 1 - i])) {
        i += 1;
    }

    return nob_sv_from_parts(sv.data, sv.count - i);
}

Nob_String_View nob_sv_trim(Nob_String_View sv)
{
    return nob_sv_trim_right(nob_sv_trim_left(sv));
}

Nob_String_View nob_sv_from_cstr(const char *cstr)
{
    return nob_sv_from_parts(cstr, strlen(cstr));
}

bool nob_sv_eq(Nob_String_View a, Nob_String_View b)
{
    if (a.count != b.count) {
        return false;
    } else {
        return memcmp(a.data, b.data, a.count) == 0;
    }
}

// RETURNS:
//  0 - file does not exists
//  1 - file exists
// -1 - error while checking if file exists. The error is logged
int nob_file_exists(const char *file_path)
{
#if _WIN32
    // TODO: distinguish between "does not exists" and other errors
    DWORD dwAttrib = GetFileAttributesA(file_path);
    return dwAttrib != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES;
#else
    struct stat statbuf;
    if (stat(file_path, &statbuf) < 0) {
        if (errno == ENOENT) return 0;
        nob_log(NOB_ERROR, "Could not check if file %s exists: %s", file_path, strerror(errno));
        return -1;
    }
    return 1;
#endif
}

// minirent.h SOURCE BEGIN ////////////////////////////////////////
#ifdef _WIN32
struct DIR
{
    HANDLE hFind;
    WIN32_FIND_DATA data;
    struct dirent *dirent;
};

DIR *opendir(const char *dirpath)
{
    assert(dirpath);

    char buffer[MAX_PATH];
    snprintf(buffer, MAX_PATH, "%s\\*", dirpath);

    DIR *dir = (DIR*)calloc(1, sizeof(DIR));

    dir->hFind = FindFirstFile(buffer, &dir->data);
    if (dir->hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        // TODO: opendir should set errno accordingly on FindFirstFile fail
        // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/errhandlingapi/nf-errhandlingapi-getlasterror
        errno = ENOSYS;
        goto fail;
    }

    return dir;

fail:
    if (dir) {
        free(dir);
    }

    return NULL;
}

struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp)
{
    assert(dirp);

    if (dirp->dirent == NULL) {
        dirp->dirent = (struct dirent*)calloc(1, sizeof(struct dirent));
    } else {
        if(!FindNextFile(dirp->hFind, &dirp->data)) {
            if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES) {
                // TODO: readdir should set errno accordingly on FindNextFile fail
                // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/errhandlingapi/nf-errhandlingapi-getlasterror
                errno = ENOSYS;
            }

            return NULL;
        }
    }

    memset(dirp->dirent->d_name, 0, sizeof(dirp->dirent->d_name));

    strncpy(
        dirp->dirent->d_name,
        dirp->data.cFileName,
        sizeof(dirp->dirent->d_name) - 1);

    return dirp->dirent;
}

int closedir(DIR *dirp)
{
    assert(dirp);

    if(!FindClose(dirp->hFind)) {
        // TODO: closedir should set errno accordingly on FindClose fail
        // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/errhandlingapi/nf-errhandlingapi-getlasterror
        errno = ENOSYS;
        return -1;
    }

    if (dirp->dirent) {
        free(dirp->dirent);
    }
    free(dirp);

    return 0;
}
#endif // _WIN32
// minirent.h SOURCE END ////////////////////////////////////////

#endif

/*
   Revision history:

      1.1.0 (2024-10-15) nob_minimal_log_level
                         nob_cmd_run_sync_and_reset
      1.0.0 (2024-10-15) first release based on https://github.com/tsoding/musializer/blob/f106c92934172096ed6822b6b9b276410cd99a31/nob.h

*/

/*
   Version Conventions:

      We are following https://semver.org/ so the version has a format MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH:
      - Modifying comments does not update the version.
      - PATCH is incremented in case of a bug fix or refactoring without touching the API.
      - MINOR is incremented when new functions and/or types are added in a way that does
        not break any existing user code. We want to do this in the majority of the situation.
        If we want to delete a certain function or type in favor of another one we should
        just add the new function/type and deprecate the old one in a backward compatible way
        and let them co-exist for a while.
      - MAJOR update should be just a periodic cleanup of the deprecated functions and types
        without really modifying any existing functionality.
*/

/*
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   This software is available under 2 licenses -- choose whichever you prefer.
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   ALTERNATIVE A - MIT License
   Copyright (c) 2024 Alexey Kutepov
   Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
   this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
   the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
   use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
   of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
   so, subject to the following conditions:
   The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
   copies or substantial portions of the Software.
   THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
   IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
   FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
   AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
   OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
   SOFTWARE.
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   ALTERNATIVE B - Public Domain (www.unlicense.org)
   This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
   Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or distribute this
   software, either in source code form or as a compiled binary, for any purpose,
   commercial or non-commercial, and by any means.
   In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors of this
   software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the software to the public
   domain. We make this dedication for the benefit of the public at large and to
   the detriment of our heirs and successors. We intend this dedication to be an
   overt act of relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to
   this software under copyright law.
   THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
   IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
   FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
   AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
   ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
   WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/