diff --git a/client/client.go b/client/client.go
index 7053ed2be96..0ae362d06a8 100644
--- a/client/client.go
+++ b/client/client.go
@@ -930,10 +930,6 @@ func handleRegionResponse(res *pdpb.GetRegionResponse) *Region {
 	return r
 }
 
-func isNetworkError(code codes.Code) bool {
-	return code == codes.Unavailable || code == codes.DeadlineExceeded
-}
-
 func (c *client) GetRegionFromMember(ctx context.Context, key []byte, memberURLs []string, opts ...GetRegionOption) (*Region, error) {
 	if span := opentracing.SpanFromContext(ctx); span != nil {
 		span = opentracing.StartSpan("pdclient.GetRegionFromMember", opentracing.ChildOf(span.Context()))
diff --git a/client/go.mod b/client/go.mod
index 54be0c96765..a97a94a3e95 100644
--- a/client/go.mod
+++ b/client/go.mod
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ go 1.21
 
 require (
 	github.com/BurntSushi/toml v0.3.1
+	github.com/cakturk/go-netstat v0.0.0-20200220111822-e5b49efee7a5
 	github.com/cloudfoundry/gosigar v1.3.6
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2
 	github.com/opentracing/opentracing-go v1.2.0
@@ -33,11 +34,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/prometheus/common v0.26.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.6.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20231106174013-bbf56f31fb17 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc/examples v0.0.0-20230419000256-16651f60ddc5
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )
diff --git a/client/go.sum b/client/go.sum
index 921c4671581..4d4e9f396da 100644
--- a/client/go.sum
+++ b/client/go.sum
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ github.com/beorn7/perks v0.0.0-20180321164747-3a771d992973/go.mod h1:Dwedo/Wpr24
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KWe93zE9D1o94FZ5RNwFwVgaQK1VOXiVxmqh+CedLV8=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
+github.com/cakturk/go-netstat v0.0.0-20200220111822-e5b49efee7a5 h1:BjkPE3785EwPhhyuFkbINB+2a1xATwk8SNDWnJiD41g=
+github.com/cakturk/go-netstat v0.0.0-20200220111822-e5b49efee7a5/go.mod h1:jtAfVaU/2cu1+wdSRPWE2c1N2qeAA3K4RH9pYgqwets=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 h1:DC2CZ1Ep5Y4k3ZQ899DldepgrayRUGE6BBZ/cd9Cj44=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
@@ -176,8 +178,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200226121028-0de0cce0169b/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLL
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200625001655-4c5254603344/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81Ro3o1hOxt32SMVPicZroKQ2sZA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201021035429-f5854403a974/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210405180319-a5a99cb37ef4/go.mod h1:p54w0d4576C0XHj96bSt6lcn1PtDYWL6XObtHCRCNQM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 h1:pVaXccu2ozPjCXewfr1S7xza/zcXTity9cCdXQYSjIM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0/go.mod h1:NxSsAGuq816PNPmqtQdLE42eU2Fs7NoRIZrHJAlaCOE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 h1:mIYleuAkSbHh0tCv7RvjL3F6ZVbLjq4+R7zbOn3Kokg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/czyP5RqHAH4odGYxBJ1qz0+CE5WZ+2j1YgoEo8F2jQ=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181108010431-42b317875d0f/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181221193216-37e7f081c4d4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
@@ -201,14 +203,14 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210124154548-22da62e12c0c/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210330210617-4fbd30eecc44/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210510120138-977fb7262007/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210603081109-ebe580a85c40/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 h1:Vz7Qs629MkJkGyHxUlRHizWJRG2j8fbQKjELVSNhy7Q=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190311212946-11955173bddd/go.mod h1:LCzVGOaR6xXOjkQ3onu1FJEFr0SW1gC7cKk1uF8kGRs=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191029041327-9cc4af7d6b2c/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
@@ -225,10 +227,12 @@ golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8T
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1 h1:go1bK/D/BFZV2I8cIQd1NKEZ+0owSTG1fDTci4IqFcE=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.4.0/go.mod h1:xpcJRLb0r/rnEns0DIKYYv+WjYCduHsrkT7/EB5XEv4=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 h1:KpwkzHKEF7B9Zxg18WzOa7djJ+Ha5DzthMyZYQfEn2A=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1/go.mod h1:nKE/iIaLqn2bQwXBg8f1g2Ylh6r5MN5CmZvuzZCgsCU=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20231106174013-bbf56f31fb17 h1:Jyp0Hsi0bmHXG6k9eATXoYtjd6e2UzZ1SCn/wIupY14=
+google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20231106174013-bbf56f31fb17/go.mod h1:oQ5rr10WTTMvP4A36n8JpR1OrO1BEiV4f78CneXZxkA=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.54.0 h1:EhTqbhiYeixwWQtAEZAxmV9MGqcjEU2mFx52xCzNyag=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.54.0/go.mod h1:PUSEXI6iWghWaB6lXM4knEgpJNu2qUcKfDtNci3EC2g=
+google.golang.org/grpc/examples v0.0.0-20230419000256-16651f60ddc5 h1:FjbWL/mGfyRQNxjagfT1chiHL1569WEA/OGH0ZIzGcI=
+google.golang.org/grpc/examples v0.0.0-20230419000256-16651f60ddc5/go.mod h1:5av8LiY5jU2KRcrX+SHtvLHnaOpPJ7gzWStBurgHlqY=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200109180630-ec00e32a8dfd/go.mod h1:DFci5gLYBciE7Vtevhsrf46CRTquxDuWsQurQQe4oz8=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200221191635-4d8936d0db64/go.mod h1:kwYJMbMJ01Woi6D6+Kah6886xMZcty6N08ah7+eCXa0=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200228230310-ab0ca4ff8a60/go.mod h1:cfTl7dwQJ+fmap5saPgwCLgHXTUD7jkjRqWcaiX5VyM=
@@ -237,8 +241,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.21.0/go.mod h1:47Nbq4nVaFHyn7ilMalzfO3qCViNmqZ2kzi
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
diff --git a/client/grpcutil/grpcutil.go b/client/grpcutil/grpcutil.go
index fe149e76ecc..d37d937a09f 100644
--- a/client/grpcutil/grpcutil.go
+++ b/client/grpcutil/grpcutil.go
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ const (
 	dialTimeout = 3 * time.Second
 	// ForwardMetadataKey is used to record the forwarded host of PD.
 	ForwardMetadataKey = "pd-forwarded-host"
+	// FollowerHandleMetadataKey is used to mark the permit of follower handle.
+	FollowerHandleMetadataKey = "pd-allow-follower-handle"
 )
 
 // GetClientConn returns a gRPC client connection.
@@ -75,6 +77,39 @@ func BuildForwardContext(ctx context.Context, addr string) context.Context {
 	return metadata.NewOutgoingContext(ctx, md)
 }
 
+// GetForwardedHost returns the forwarded host in metadata.
+// Only used for test.
+func GetForwardedHost(ctx context.Context, f func(context.Context) (metadata.MD, bool)) string {
+	v, _ := getValueFromMetadata(ctx, ForwardMetadataKey, f)
+	return v
+}
+
+// BuildFollowerHandleContext creates a context with follower handle metadata information.
+// It is used in client side.
+func BuildFollowerHandleContext(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
+	md := metadata.Pairs(FollowerHandleMetadataKey, "")
+	return metadata.NewOutgoingContext(ctx, md)
+}
+
+// IsFollowerHandleEnabled returns the forwarded host in metadata.
+// Only used for test.
+func IsFollowerHandleEnabled(ctx context.Context, f func(context.Context) (metadata.MD, bool)) bool {
+	_, ok := getValueFromMetadata(ctx, FollowerHandleMetadataKey, f)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func getValueFromMetadata(ctx context.Context, key string, f func(context.Context) (metadata.MD, bool)) (string, bool) {
+	md, ok := f(ctx)
+	if !ok {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	vs, ok := md[key]
+	if !ok {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return vs[0], true
+}
+
 // GetOrCreateGRPCConn returns the corresponding grpc client connection of the given addr.
 // Returns the old one if's already existed in the clientConns; otherwise creates a new one and returns it.
 func GetOrCreateGRPCConn(ctx context.Context, clientConns *sync.Map, addr string, tlsCfg *tlsutil.TLSConfig, opt ...grpc.DialOption) (*grpc.ClientConn, error) {
diff --git a/client/pd_service_discovery.go b/client/pd_service_discovery.go
index b75276adbe9..33dda1ad282 100644
--- a/client/pd_service_discovery.go
+++ b/client/pd_service_discovery.go
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/client/tlsutil"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	healthpb "google.golang.org/grpc/health/grpc_health_v1"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -74,8 +77,8 @@ type ServiceDiscovery interface {
 	// GetServingAddr returns the serving endpoint which is the leader in a quorum-based cluster
 	// or the primary in a primary/secondary configured cluster.
 	GetServingAddr() string
-	// GetBackupAddrs gets the addresses of the current reachable and healthy backup service
-	// endpoints randomly. Backup service endpoints are followers in a quorum-based cluster or
+	// GetBackupAddrs gets the addresses of the current reachable backup service
+	// endpoints. Backup service endpoints are followers in a quorum-based cluster or
 	// secondaries in a primary/secondary configured cluster.
 	GetBackupAddrs() []string
 	// GetOrCreateGRPCConn returns the corresponding grpc client connection of the given addr
@@ -97,6 +100,236 @@ type ServiceDiscovery interface {
 	AddServiceAddrsSwitchedCallback(callbacks ...func())
 }
 
+// ServiceClient is an interface that defines a set of operations for a raw PD gRPC client to specific PD server.
+type ServiceClient interface {
+	// GetAddress returns the address information of the PD server.
+	GetAddress() string
+	// GetClientConn returns the gRPC connection of the service client
+	GetClientConn() *grpc.ClientConn
+	// BuildGRPCTargetContext builds a context object with a gRPC context.
+	// ctx: the original context object.
+	// mustLeader: whether must send to leader.
+	BuildGRPCTargetContext(ctx context.Context, mustLeader bool) context.Context
+	// IsConnectedToLeader returns whether the connected PD server is leader.
+	IsConnectedToLeader() bool
+	// Available returns if the network or other availability for the current service client is available.
+	Available() bool
+	// NeedRetry checks if client need to retry based on the PD server error response.
+	// And It will mark the client as unavailable if the pd error shows the follower can't handle request.
+	NeedRetry(*pdpb.Error, error) bool
+}
+
+var (
+	_ ServiceClient = (*pdServiceClient)(nil)
+	_ ServiceClient = (*pdServiceAPIClient)(nil)
+)
+
+type pdServiceClient struct {
+	addr       string
+	conn       *grpc.ClientConn
+	isLeader   bool
+	leaderAddr string
+
+	networkFailure atomic.Bool
+}
+
+func newPDServiceClient(addr, leaderAddr string, conn *grpc.ClientConn, isLeader bool) ServiceClient {
+	return &pdServiceClient{
+		addr:       addr,
+		conn:       conn,
+		isLeader:   isLeader,
+		leaderAddr: leaderAddr,
+	}
+}
+
+// GetAddress implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceClient) GetAddress() string {
+	if c == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return c.addr
+}
+
+// BuildGRPCContext implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceClient) BuildGRPCTargetContext(ctx context.Context, toLeader bool) context.Context {
+	if c == nil || c.isLeader {
+		return ctx
+	}
+	if toLeader {
+		return grpcutil.BuildForwardContext(ctx, c.leaderAddr)
+	}
+	return grpcutil.BuildFollowerHandleContext(ctx)
+}
+
+// IsConnectedToLeader implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceClient) IsConnectedToLeader() bool {
+	if c == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return c.isLeader
+}
+
+// NetworkAvailable implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceClient) Available() bool {
+	if c == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return !c.networkFailure.Load()
+}
+
+func (c *pdServiceClient) checkNetworkAvailable(ctx context.Context) {
+	if c == nil || c.conn == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	healthCli := healthpb.NewHealthClient(c.conn)
+	resp, err := healthCli.Check(ctx, &healthpb.HealthCheckRequest{Service: ""})
+	failpoint.Inject("unreachableNetwork1", func() {
+		resp = nil
+		err = status.New(codes.Unavailable, "unavailable").Err()
+	})
+	rpcErr, ok := status.FromError(err)
+	if (ok && isNetworkError(rpcErr.Code())) || resp.GetStatus() != healthpb.HealthCheckResponse_SERVING {
+		c.networkFailure.Store(true)
+	} else {
+		c.networkFailure.Store(false)
+	}
+}
+
+func isNetworkError(code codes.Code) bool {
+	return code == codes.Unavailable || code == codes.DeadlineExceeded
+}
+
+// GetClientConn implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceClient) GetClientConn() *grpc.ClientConn {
+	if c == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.conn
+}
+
+// NeedRetry implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceClient) NeedRetry(pdErr *pdpb.Error, err error) bool {
+	if c.IsConnectedToLeader() {
+		return false
+	}
+	return !(err == nil && pdErr == nil)
+}
+
+type errFn func(pdErr *pdpb.Error) bool
+
+func regionAPIErrorFn(pdErr *pdpb.Error) bool {
+	return pdErr.GetType() == pdpb.ErrorType_REGION_NOT_FOUND
+}
+
+// pdServiceAPIClient is a specific API client for PD service.
+// It extends the pdServiceClient and adds additional fields for managing availability
+type pdServiceAPIClient struct {
+	ServiceClient
+	fn errFn
+
+	unavailable      atomic.Bool
+	unavailableUntil atomic.Value
+}
+
+func newPDServiceAPIClient(client ServiceClient, f errFn) ServiceClient {
+	return &pdServiceAPIClient{
+		ServiceClient: client,
+		fn:            f,
+	}
+}
+
+// Available implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceAPIClient) Available() bool {
+	return c.ServiceClient.Available() && !c.unavailable.Load()
+}
+
+func (c *pdServiceAPIClient) markAsAvailable() {
+	if !c.unavailable.Load() {
+		return
+	}
+	until := c.unavailableUntil.Load().(time.Time)
+	if time.Now().After(until) {
+		c.unavailable.Store(false)
+	}
+}
+
+// NeedRetry implements ServiceClient.
+func (c *pdServiceAPIClient) NeedRetry(pdErr *pdpb.Error, err error) bool {
+	if c.IsConnectedToLeader() {
+		return false
+	}
+	if err == nil && pdErr == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if c.fn(pdErr) && c.unavailable.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
+		c.unavailableUntil.Store(time.Now().Add(time.Second * 10))
+		failpoint.Inject("fastCheckAvailable", func() {
+			c.unavailableUntil.Store(time.Now().Add(time.Millisecond * 100))
+		})
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// pdServiceBalancerNode is a balancer node for PD service.
+// It extends the pdServiceClient and adds additional fields for the next polling client in the chain.
+type pdServiceBalancerNode struct {
+	ServiceClient
+	next *pdServiceBalancerNode
+}
+
+// pdServiceBalancer is a load balancer for PD service clients.
+// It is used to balance the request to all servers and manage the connections to multiple PD service nodes.
+type pdServiceBalancer struct {
+	mu        sync.Mutex
+	now       *pdServiceBalancerNode
+	totalNode int
+}
+
+func (c *pdServiceBalancer) set(clients []ServiceClient) {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+	if len(clients) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	c.totalNode = len(clients)
+	head := &pdServiceBalancerNode{
+		ServiceClient: clients[0],
+	}
+	head.next = head
+	last := head
+	for i := 1; i < c.totalNode; i++ {
+		next := &pdServiceBalancerNode{
+			ServiceClient: clients[i],
+			next:          head,
+		}
+		head = next
+		last.next = head
+	}
+	c.now = head
+}
+
+func (c *pdServiceBalancer) next() {
+	c.now = c.now.next
+}
+
+func (c *pdServiceBalancer) get() (ret ServiceClient) {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+	i := 0
+	if c.now == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	for ; i < c.totalNode; i++ {
+		if c.now.Available() {
+			ret = c.now
+			c.next()
+			return
+		}
+		c.next()
+	}
+	return
+}
+
 type updateKeyspaceIDFunc func() error
 type tsoLocalServAddrsUpdatedFunc func(map[string]string) error
 type tsoGlobalServAddrUpdatedFunc func(string) error
diff --git a/client/pd_service_discovery_test.go b/client/pd_service_discovery_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98c5daed561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/pd_service_discovery_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+// Copyright 2023 TiKV Project Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package pd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"log"
+	"net"
+	"net/url"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/pingcap/failpoint"
+	"github.com/pingcap/kvproto/pkg/pdpb"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/suite"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/client/grpcutil"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/client/testutil"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc"
+	pb "google.golang.org/grpc/examples/helloworld/helloworld"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/health"
+	healthpb "google.golang.org/grpc/health/grpc_health_v1"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/metadata"
+)
+
+type testGRPCServer struct {
+	pb.UnimplementedGreeterServer
+	isLeader     bool
+	leaderAddr   string
+	leaderConn   *grpc.ClientConn
+	handleCount  atomic.Int32
+	forwardCount atomic.Int32
+}
+
+// SayHello implements helloworld.GreeterServer
+func (s *testGRPCServer) SayHello(ctx context.Context, in *pb.HelloRequest) (*pb.HelloReply, error) {
+	if !s.isLeader {
+		if !grpcutil.IsFollowerHandleEnabled(ctx, metadata.FromIncomingContext) {
+			if addr := grpcutil.GetForwardedHost(ctx, metadata.FromIncomingContext); addr == s.leaderAddr {
+				s.forwardCount.Add(1)
+				return pb.NewGreeterClient(s.leaderConn).SayHello(ctx, in)
+			}
+			return nil, errors.New("not leader")
+		}
+	}
+	s.handleCount.Add(1)
+	return &pb.HelloReply{Message: "Hello " + in.GetName()}, nil
+}
+
+func (s *testGRPCServer) resetCount() {
+	s.handleCount.Store(0)
+	s.forwardCount.Store(0)
+}
+
+func (s *testGRPCServer) getHandleCount() int32 {
+	return s.handleCount.Load()
+}
+
+func (s *testGRPCServer) getForwardCount() int32 {
+	return s.forwardCount.Load()
+}
+
+type testServer struct {
+	server     *testGRPCServer
+	grpcServer *grpc.Server
+	addr       string
+}
+
+func newTestServer(isLeader bool) *testServer {
+	addr := testutil.Alloc()
+	u, err := url.Parse(addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	grpcServer := grpc.NewServer()
+	server := &testGRPCServer{
+		isLeader: isLeader,
+	}
+	pb.RegisterGreeterServer(grpcServer, server)
+	hsrv := health.NewServer()
+	hsrv.SetServingStatus("", healthpb.HealthCheckResponse_SERVING)
+	healthpb.RegisterHealthServer(grpcServer, hsrv)
+	return &testServer{
+		server:     server,
+		grpcServer: grpcServer,
+		addr:       u.Host,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *testServer) run() {
+	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", s.addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("failed to serve: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := s.grpcServer.Serve(lis); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("failed to serve: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+type serviceClientTestSuite struct {
+	suite.Suite
+	ctx   context.Context
+	clean context.CancelFunc
+
+	leaderServer   *testServer
+	followerServer *testServer
+
+	leaderClient   ServiceClient
+	followerClient ServiceClient
+}
+
+func TestServiceClientClientTestSuite(t *testing.T) {
+	suite.Run(t, new(serviceClientTestSuite))
+}
+
+func (suite *serviceClientTestSuite) SetupSuite() {
+	suite.ctx, suite.clean = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+
+	suite.leaderServer = newTestServer(true)
+	suite.followerServer = newTestServer(false)
+	go suite.leaderServer.run()
+	go suite.followerServer.run()
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		leaderConn, err1 := grpc.Dial(suite.leaderServer.addr, grpc.WithInsecure())     //nolint
+		followerConn, err2 := grpc.Dial(suite.followerServer.addr, grpc.WithInsecure()) //nolint
+		if err1 == nil && err2 == nil {
+			suite.followerClient = newPDServiceClient(suite.followerServer.addr, suite.leaderServer.addr, followerConn, false)
+			suite.leaderClient = newPDServiceClient(suite.leaderServer.addr, suite.leaderServer.addr, leaderConn, true)
+			suite.followerServer.server.leaderConn = suite.leaderClient.GetClientConn()
+			suite.followerServer.server.leaderAddr = suite.leaderClient.GetAddress()
+			return
+		}
+		time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	suite.NotNil(suite.leaderClient)
+}
+
+func (suite *serviceClientTestSuite) TearDownTest() {
+	suite.leaderServer.server.resetCount()
+	suite.followerServer.server.resetCount()
+}
+
+func (suite *serviceClientTestSuite) TearDownSuite() {
+	suite.leaderServer.grpcServer.GracefulStop()
+	suite.followerServer.grpcServer.GracefulStop()
+	suite.clean()
+}
+
+func (suite *serviceClientTestSuite) TestServiceClient() {
+	re := suite.Require()
+	leaderAddress := suite.leaderServer.addr
+	followerAddress := suite.followerServer.addr
+
+	follower := suite.followerClient
+	leader := suite.leaderClient
+
+	re.Equal(follower.GetAddress(), followerAddress)
+	re.Equal(leader.GetAddress(), leaderAddress)
+
+	re.True(follower.Available())
+	re.True(leader.Available())
+
+	re.False(follower.IsConnectedToLeader())
+	re.True(leader.IsConnectedToLeader())
+
+	re.NoError(failpoint.Enable("github.com/tikv/pd/client/unreachableNetwork1", "return(true)"))
+	follower.(*pdServiceClient).checkNetworkAvailable(suite.ctx)
+	leader.(*pdServiceClient).checkNetworkAvailable(suite.ctx)
+	re.False(follower.Available())
+	re.False(leader.Available())
+	re.NoError(failpoint.Disable("github.com/tikv/pd/client/unreachableNetwork1"))
+
+	follower.(*pdServiceClient).checkNetworkAvailable(suite.ctx)
+	leader.(*pdServiceClient).checkNetworkAvailable(suite.ctx)
+	re.True(follower.Available())
+	re.True(leader.Available())
+
+	followerConn := follower.GetClientConn()
+	leaderConn := leader.GetClientConn()
+	re.NotNil(followerConn)
+	re.NotNil(leaderConn)
+
+	_, err := pb.NewGreeterClient(followerConn).SayHello(suite.ctx, &pb.HelloRequest{Name: "pd"})
+	re.ErrorContains(err, "not leader")
+	resp, err := pb.NewGreeterClient(leaderConn).SayHello(suite.ctx, &pb.HelloRequest{Name: "pd"})
+	re.NoError(err)
+	re.Equal("Hello pd", resp.GetMessage())
+
+	re.False(follower.NeedRetry(nil, nil))
+	re.False(leader.NeedRetry(nil, nil))
+
+	ctx1 := context.WithoutCancel(suite.ctx)
+	ctx1 = follower.BuildGRPCTargetContext(ctx1, false)
+	re.True(grpcutil.IsFollowerHandleEnabled(ctx1, metadata.FromOutgoingContext))
+	re.Empty(grpcutil.GetForwardedHost(ctx1, metadata.FromOutgoingContext))
+	ctx2 := context.WithoutCancel(suite.ctx)
+	ctx2 = follower.BuildGRPCTargetContext(ctx2, true)
+	re.False(grpcutil.IsFollowerHandleEnabled(ctx2, metadata.FromOutgoingContext))
+	re.Equal(grpcutil.GetForwardedHost(ctx2, metadata.FromOutgoingContext), leaderAddress)
+
+	ctx3 := context.WithoutCancel(suite.ctx)
+	ctx3 = leader.BuildGRPCTargetContext(ctx3, false)
+	re.False(grpcutil.IsFollowerHandleEnabled(ctx3, metadata.FromOutgoingContext))
+	re.Empty(grpcutil.GetForwardedHost(ctx3, metadata.FromOutgoingContext))
+	ctx4 := context.WithoutCancel(suite.ctx)
+	ctx4 = leader.BuildGRPCTargetContext(ctx4, true)
+	re.False(grpcutil.IsFollowerHandleEnabled(ctx4, metadata.FromOutgoingContext))
+	re.Empty(grpcutil.GetForwardedHost(ctx4, metadata.FromOutgoingContext))
+
+	followerAPIClient := newPDServiceAPIClient(follower, regionAPIErrorFn)
+	leaderAPIClient := newPDServiceAPIClient(leader, regionAPIErrorFn)
+
+	re.NoError(failpoint.Enable("github.com/tikv/pd/client/fastCheckAvailable", "return(true)"))
+
+	re.True(followerAPIClient.Available())
+	re.True(leaderAPIClient.Available())
+	pdErr1 := &pdpb.Error{
+		Type: pdpb.ErrorType_UNKNOWN,
+	}
+	pdErr2 := &pdpb.Error{
+		Type: pdpb.ErrorType_REGION_NOT_FOUND,
+	}
+	err = errors.New("error")
+	re.True(followerAPIClient.NeedRetry(pdErr1, nil))
+	re.False(leaderAPIClient.NeedRetry(pdErr1, nil))
+	re.True(followerAPIClient.Available())
+	re.True(leaderAPIClient.Available())
+
+	re.True(followerAPIClient.NeedRetry(pdErr2, nil))
+	re.False(leaderAPIClient.NeedRetry(pdErr2, nil))
+	re.False(followerAPIClient.Available())
+	re.True(leaderAPIClient.Available())
+	followerAPIClient.(*pdServiceAPIClient).markAsAvailable()
+	leaderAPIClient.(*pdServiceAPIClient).markAsAvailable()
+	re.False(followerAPIClient.Available())
+	time.Sleep(time.Millisecond * 100)
+	followerAPIClient.(*pdServiceAPIClient).markAsAvailable()
+	re.True(followerAPIClient.Available())
+
+	re.True(followerAPIClient.NeedRetry(nil, err))
+	re.False(leaderAPIClient.NeedRetry(nil, err))
+	re.True(followerAPIClient.Available())
+	re.True(leaderAPIClient.Available())
+
+	re.NoError(failpoint.Disable("github.com/tikv/pd/client/fastCheckAvailable"))
+}
+
+func (suite *serviceClientTestSuite) TestServiceClientBalancer() {
+	re := suite.Require()
+	follower := suite.followerClient
+	leader := suite.leaderClient
+	b := &pdServiceBalancer{}
+	b.set([]ServiceClient{leader, follower})
+	re.Equal(2, b.totalNode)
+
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		client := b.get()
+		ctx := client.BuildGRPCTargetContext(suite.ctx, false)
+		conn := client.GetClientConn()
+		re.NotNil(conn)
+		resp, err := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn).SayHello(ctx, &pb.HelloRequest{Name: "pd"})
+		re.NoError(err)
+		re.Equal("Hello pd", resp.GetMessage())
+	}
+	re.Equal(int32(5), suite.leaderServer.server.getHandleCount())
+	re.Equal(int32(5), suite.followerServer.server.getHandleCount())
+	suite.followerServer.server.resetCount()
+	suite.leaderServer.server.resetCount()
+
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		client := b.get()
+		ctx := client.BuildGRPCTargetContext(suite.ctx, true)
+		conn := client.GetClientConn()
+		re.NotNil(conn)
+		resp, err := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn).SayHello(ctx, &pb.HelloRequest{Name: "pd"})
+		re.NoError(err)
+		re.Equal("Hello pd", resp.GetMessage())
+	}
+	re.Equal(int32(10), suite.leaderServer.server.getHandleCount())
+	re.Equal(int32(0), suite.followerServer.server.getHandleCount())
+	re.Equal(int32(5), suite.followerServer.server.getForwardCount())
+}
diff --git a/client/testutil/check_env_dummy.go b/client/testutil/check_env_dummy.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2fbcbd1a9e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/testutil/check_env_dummy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright 2023 TiKV Project Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//go:build !linux
+// +build !linux
+
+package testutil
+
+func environmentCheck(addr string) bool {
+	return true
+}
diff --git a/client/testutil/check_env_linux.go b/client/testutil/check_env_linux.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df45f359eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/testutil/check_env_linux.go
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2023 TiKV Project Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//go:build linux
+// +build linux
+
+package testutil
+
+import (
+	"github.com/cakturk/go-netstat/netstat"
+	"github.com/pingcap/log"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+func environmentCheck(addr string) bool {
+	valid, err := checkAddr(addr[len("http://"):])
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("check port status failed", zap.Error(err))
+		return false
+	}
+	return valid
+}
+
+func checkAddr(addr string) (bool, error) {
+	tabs, err := netstat.TCPSocks(func(s *netstat.SockTabEntry) bool {
+		return s.RemoteAddr.String() == addr || s.LocalAddr.String() == addr
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return len(tabs) < 1, nil
+}
diff --git a/client/testutil/leak.go b/client/testutil/leak.go
index 28b5baae60f..10345725171 100644
--- a/client/testutil/leak.go
+++ b/client/testutil/leak.go
@@ -23,4 +23,8 @@ var LeakOptions = []goleak.Option{
 	goleak.IgnoreTopFunction("google.golang.org/grpc.(*addrConn).createTransport"),
 	goleak.IgnoreTopFunction("google.golang.org/grpc.(*addrConn).resetTransport"),
 	goleak.IgnoreTopFunction("google.golang.org/grpc.(*Server).handleRawConn"),
+	// TODO: remove the below options once we fixed the http connection leak problems
+	goleak.IgnoreTopFunction("internal/poll.runtime_pollWait"),
+	goleak.IgnoreTopFunction("google.golang.org/grpc/internal/transport.(*controlBuffer).get"),
+	goleak.IgnoreTopFunction("google.golang.org/grpc/internal/transport.(*http2Server).keepalive"),
 }
diff --git a/client/testutil/tempurl.go b/client/testutil/tempurl.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ac8f29fa345
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client/testutil/tempurl.go
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Copyright 2023 TiKV Project Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package testutil
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/pingcap/log"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+var (
+	testAddrMutex sync.Mutex
+	testAddrMap   = make(map[string]struct{})
+)
+
+// Alloc allocates a local URL for testing.
+func Alloc() string {
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		if u := tryAllocTestURL(); u != "" {
+			return u
+		}
+		time.Sleep(time.Second)
+	}
+	log.Fatal("failed to alloc test URL")
+	return ""
+}
+
+func tryAllocTestURL() string {
+	l, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("listen failed", zap.Error(err))
+	}
+	addr := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s", l.Addr())
+	err = l.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("close failed", zap.Error(err))
+	}
+
+	testAddrMutex.Lock()
+	defer testAddrMutex.Unlock()
+	if _, ok := testAddrMap[addr]; ok {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if !environmentCheck(addr) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	testAddrMap[addr] = struct{}{}
+	return addr
+}
diff --git a/pkg/utils/tempurl/check_env.go b/pkg/utils/tempurl/check_env_dummy.go
similarity index 100%
rename from pkg/utils/tempurl/check_env.go
rename to pkg/utils/tempurl/check_env_dummy.go
diff --git a/tests/integrations/client/go.mod b/tests/integrations/client/go.mod
index 5c73abfb8ed..d0d5a202ad4 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/client/go.mod
+++ b/tests/integrations/client/go.mod
@@ -165,19 +165,19 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/fx v1.12.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/image v0.5.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.4.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
diff --git a/tests/integrations/client/go.sum b/tests/integrations/client/go.sum
index f70f08f366e..d07c79e1a92 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/client/go.sum
+++ b/tests/integrations/client/go.sum
@@ -637,8 +637,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPh
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210711020723-a769d52b0f97/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220411220226-7b82a4e95df4/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 h1:wBqGXzWJW6m1XrIKlAH0Hs1JJ7+9KBwnIO8v66Q9cHc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0/go.mod h1:MVFd36DqK4CsrnJYDkBA3VC4m2GkXAM0PvzMCn4JQf4=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 h1:frVn1TEaCEaZcn3Tmd7Y2b5KKPaZ+I32Q2OA3kYp5TA=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0/go.mod h1:4ChreQoLWfG3xLDer1WdlH5NdlQ3+mwnQq1YTKY+72g=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 h1:QLureRX3moex6NVu/Lr4MGakp9FdA7sBHGBmvRW7NaM=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4/go.mod h1:FXUEEKJgO7OQYeo8N01OfiKP8RXMtf6e8aTskBGqWdc=
@@ -684,8 +684,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210421230115-4e50805a0758/go.mod h1:72T/g9IO56b78aLF+1
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210805182204-aaa1db679c0d/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20211112202133-69e39bad7dc2/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220722155237-a158d28d115b/go.mod h1:XRhObCWvk6IyKnWLug+ECip1KBveYUHfp+8e9klMJ9c=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 h1:pVaXccu2ozPjCXewfr1S7xza/zcXTity9cCdXQYSjIM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0/go.mod h1:NxSsAGuq816PNPmqtQdLE42eU2Fs7NoRIZrHJAlaCOE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 h1:mIYleuAkSbHh0tCv7RvjL3F6ZVbLjq4+R7zbOn3Kokg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/czyP5RqHAH4odGYxBJ1qz0+CE5WZ+2j1YgoEo8F2jQ=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20200107190931-bf48bf16ab8d/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
@@ -740,8 +740,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220704084225-05e143d24a9e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.2.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 h1:Vz7Qs629MkJkGyHxUlRHizWJRG2j8fbQKjELVSNhy7Q=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
@@ -750,8 +750,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20180412165947-fbb02b2291d2/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 h1:xYY+Bajn2a7VBmTM5GikTmnK8ZuX8YgnQCqZpbBNtmA=
@@ -815,8 +815,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.28.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
diff --git a/tests/integrations/mcs/go.mod b/tests/integrations/mcs/go.mod
index 2e41e87b746..6a7a255e895 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/mcs/go.mod
+++ b/tests/integrations/mcs/go.mod
@@ -165,19 +165,19 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/fx v1.12.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/image v0.5.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.4.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
diff --git a/tests/integrations/mcs/go.sum b/tests/integrations/mcs/go.sum
index 65e8cf72aab..8392ed74f7b 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/mcs/go.sum
+++ b/tests/integrations/mcs/go.sum
@@ -641,8 +641,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPh
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210711020723-a769d52b0f97/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220411220226-7b82a4e95df4/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 h1:wBqGXzWJW6m1XrIKlAH0Hs1JJ7+9KBwnIO8v66Q9cHc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0/go.mod h1:MVFd36DqK4CsrnJYDkBA3VC4m2GkXAM0PvzMCn4JQf4=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 h1:frVn1TEaCEaZcn3Tmd7Y2b5KKPaZ+I32Q2OA3kYp5TA=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0/go.mod h1:4ChreQoLWfG3xLDer1WdlH5NdlQ3+mwnQq1YTKY+72g=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 h1:QLureRX3moex6NVu/Lr4MGakp9FdA7sBHGBmvRW7NaM=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4/go.mod h1:FXUEEKJgO7OQYeo8N01OfiKP8RXMtf6e8aTskBGqWdc=
@@ -688,8 +688,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210421230115-4e50805a0758/go.mod h1:72T/g9IO56b78aLF+1
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210805182204-aaa1db679c0d/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20211112202133-69e39bad7dc2/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220722155237-a158d28d115b/go.mod h1:XRhObCWvk6IyKnWLug+ECip1KBveYUHfp+8e9klMJ9c=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 h1:pVaXccu2ozPjCXewfr1S7xza/zcXTity9cCdXQYSjIM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0/go.mod h1:NxSsAGuq816PNPmqtQdLE42eU2Fs7NoRIZrHJAlaCOE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 h1:mIYleuAkSbHh0tCv7RvjL3F6ZVbLjq4+R7zbOn3Kokg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/czyP5RqHAH4odGYxBJ1qz0+CE5WZ+2j1YgoEo8F2jQ=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20200107190931-bf48bf16ab8d/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
@@ -744,8 +744,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220704084225-05e143d24a9e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.2.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 h1:Vz7Qs629MkJkGyHxUlRHizWJRG2j8fbQKjELVSNhy7Q=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
@@ -754,8 +754,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20180412165947-fbb02b2291d2/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 h1:xYY+Bajn2a7VBmTM5GikTmnK8ZuX8YgnQCqZpbBNtmA=
@@ -818,8 +818,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.28.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
diff --git a/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.mod b/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.mod
index 66f40012863..0815fc23d8d 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.mod
+++ b/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.mod
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/goleak v1.1.12 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.24.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.54.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )
diff --git a/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.sum b/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.sum
index fde38211174..4808a766575 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.sum
+++ b/tests/integrations/realcluster/go.sum
@@ -164,8 +164,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200226121028-0de0cce0169b/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLL
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200625001655-4c5254603344/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81Ro3o1hOxt32SMVPicZroKQ2sZA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201021035429-f5854403a974/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210405180319-a5a99cb37ef4/go.mod h1:p54w0d4576C0XHj96bSt6lcn1PtDYWL6XObtHCRCNQM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 h1:pVaXccu2ozPjCXewfr1S7xza/zcXTity9cCdXQYSjIM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0/go.mod h1:NxSsAGuq816PNPmqtQdLE42eU2Fs7NoRIZrHJAlaCOE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 h1:mIYleuAkSbHh0tCv7RvjL3F6ZVbLjq4+R7zbOn3Kokg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/czyP5RqHAH4odGYxBJ1qz0+CE5WZ+2j1YgoEo8F2jQ=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181108010431-42b317875d0f/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181221193216-37e7f081c4d4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
@@ -189,14 +189,14 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210124154548-22da62e12c0c/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210330210617-4fbd30eecc44/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210510120138-977fb7262007/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210603081109-ebe580a85c40/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 h1:Vz7Qs629MkJkGyHxUlRHizWJRG2j8fbQKjELVSNhy7Q=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190311212946-11955173bddd/go.mod h1:LCzVGOaR6xXOjkQ3onu1FJEFr0SW1gC7cKk1uF8kGRs=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20191029041327-9cc4af7d6b2c/go.mod h1:b+2E5dAYhXwXZwtnZ6UAqBI28+e2cm9otk0dWdXHAEo=
@@ -222,8 +222,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.21.0/go.mod h1:47Nbq4nVaFHyn7ilMalzfO3qCViNmqZ2kzi
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
diff --git a/tests/integrations/tso/go.mod b/tests/integrations/tso/go.mod
index af38fcf4241..84ac5a83f8e 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/tso/go.mod
+++ b/tests/integrations/tso/go.mod
@@ -166,19 +166,19 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/zap v1.24.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/image v0.5.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.4.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
diff --git a/tests/integrations/tso/go.sum b/tests/integrations/tso/go.sum
index c078eab2f6d..00860368c28 100644
--- a/tests/integrations/tso/go.sum
+++ b/tests/integrations/tso/go.sum
@@ -636,8 +636,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPh
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210711020723-a769d52b0f97/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220411220226-7b82a4e95df4/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 h1:wBqGXzWJW6m1XrIKlAH0Hs1JJ7+9KBwnIO8v66Q9cHc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0/go.mod h1:MVFd36DqK4CsrnJYDkBA3VC4m2GkXAM0PvzMCn4JQf4=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 h1:frVn1TEaCEaZcn3Tmd7Y2b5KKPaZ+I32Q2OA3kYp5TA=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0/go.mod h1:4ChreQoLWfG3xLDer1WdlH5NdlQ3+mwnQq1YTKY+72g=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 h1:QLureRX3moex6NVu/Lr4MGakp9FdA7sBHGBmvRW7NaM=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4/go.mod h1:FXUEEKJgO7OQYeo8N01OfiKP8RXMtf6e8aTskBGqWdc=
@@ -683,8 +683,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210421230115-4e50805a0758/go.mod h1:72T/g9IO56b78aLF+1
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210805182204-aaa1db679c0d/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20211112202133-69e39bad7dc2/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220722155237-a158d28d115b/go.mod h1:XRhObCWvk6IyKnWLug+ECip1KBveYUHfp+8e9klMJ9c=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 h1:pVaXccu2ozPjCXewfr1S7xza/zcXTity9cCdXQYSjIM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0/go.mod h1:NxSsAGuq816PNPmqtQdLE42eU2Fs7NoRIZrHJAlaCOE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 h1:mIYleuAkSbHh0tCv7RvjL3F6ZVbLjq4+R7zbOn3Kokg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/czyP5RqHAH4odGYxBJ1qz0+CE5WZ+2j1YgoEo8F2jQ=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20200107190931-bf48bf16ab8d/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
@@ -739,8 +739,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220704084225-05e143d24a9e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220722155257-8c9f86f7a55f/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.2.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 h1:Vz7Qs629MkJkGyHxUlRHizWJRG2j8fbQKjELVSNhy7Q=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
@@ -749,8 +749,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.7.0/go.mod h1:mrYo+phRRbMaCq/xk9113O4dZlRixOauAjOtrjsXDZ8=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20180412165947-fbb02b2291d2/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 h1:xYY+Bajn2a7VBmTM5GikTmnK8ZuX8YgnQCqZpbBNtmA=
@@ -813,8 +813,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.28.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
diff --git a/tools/pd-api-bench/go.mod b/tools/pd-api-bench/go.mod
index 77b4891d3d8..5f834e0f565 100644
--- a/tools/pd-api-bench/go.mod
+++ b/tools/pd-api-bench/go.mod
@@ -98,14 +98,14 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/goleak v1.1.12 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
diff --git a/tools/pd-api-bench/go.sum b/tools/pd-api-bench/go.sum
index 1e40c511586..605b8cf3b5f 100644
--- a/tools/pd-api-bench/go.sum
+++ b/tools/pd-api-bench/go.sum
@@ -367,8 +367,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACk
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8UmvKecakEJjdnWj3jj499lnFckfCI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220411220226-7b82a4e95df4/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0 h1:wBqGXzWJW6m1XrIKlAH0Hs1JJ7+9KBwnIO8v66Q9cHc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.14.0/go.mod h1:MVFd36DqK4CsrnJYDkBA3VC4m2GkXAM0PvzMCn4JQf4=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0 h1:frVn1TEaCEaZcn3Tmd7Y2b5KKPaZ+I32Q2OA3kYp5TA=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.15.0/go.mod h1:4ChreQoLWfG3xLDer1WdlH5NdlQ3+mwnQq1YTKY+72g=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4 h1:QLureRX3moex6NVu/Lr4MGakp9FdA7sBHGBmvRW7NaM=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20230711005742-c3f37128e5a4/go.mod h1:FXUEEKJgO7OQYeo8N01OfiKP8RXMtf6e8aTskBGqWdc=
@@ -397,8 +397,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200822124328-c89045814202/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81R
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201021035429-f5854403a974/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210405180319-a5a99cb37ef4/go.mod h1:p54w0d4576C0XHj96bSt6lcn1PtDYWL6XObtHCRCNQM=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20211112202133-69e39bad7dc2/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qxJ1jj9UTztislL4KSBs9R2vV5Y=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 h1:pVaXccu2ozPjCXewfr1S7xza/zcXTity9cCdXQYSjIM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0/go.mod h1:NxSsAGuq816PNPmqtQdLE42eU2Fs7NoRIZrHJAlaCOE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 h1:mIYleuAkSbHh0tCv7RvjL3F6ZVbLjq4+R7zbOn3Kokg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/czyP5RqHAH4odGYxBJ1qz0+CE5WZ+2j1YgoEo8F2jQ=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20200107190931-bf48bf16ab8d/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
@@ -434,16 +434,16 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210615035016-665e8c7367d1/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20211019181941-9d821ace8654/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220704084225-05e143d24a9e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 h1:Vz7Qs629MkJkGyHxUlRHizWJRG2j8fbQKjELVSNhy7Q=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.7/go.mod h1:u+2+/6zg+i71rQMx5EYifcz6MCKuco9NR6JIITiCfzQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20180412165947-fbb02b2291d2/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 h1:xYY+Bajn2a7VBmTM5GikTmnK8ZuX8YgnQCqZpbBNtmA=
 golang.org/x/time v0.1.0/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
@@ -487,8 +487,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.21.0/go.mod h1:47Nbq4nVaFHyn7ilMalzfO3qCViNmqZ2kzi
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
diff --git a/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.mod b/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.mod
index 8d4b3d18a31..c8fe68aab44 100644
--- a/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.mod
+++ b/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.mod
@@ -27,11 +27,11 @@ require (
 	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.6.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/atomic v1.10.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1 // indirect
 )
 
diff --git a/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.sum b/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.sum
index 15ba2923695..31875879c2d 100644
--- a/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.sum
+++ b/tools/pd-tso-bench/go.sum
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ github.com/beorn7/perks v0.0.0-20180321164747-3a771d992973/go.mod h1:Dwedo/Wpr24
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KWe93zE9D1o94FZ5RNwFwVgaQK1VOXiVxmqh+CedLV8=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
+github.com/cakturk/go-netstat v0.0.0-20200220111822-e5b49efee7a5 h1:BjkPE3785EwPhhyuFkbINB+2a1xATwk8SNDWnJiD41g=
+github.com/cakturk/go-netstat v0.0.0-20200220111822-e5b49efee7a5/go.mod h1:jtAfVaU/2cu1+wdSRPWE2c1N2qeAA3K4RH9pYgqwets=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 h1:DC2CZ1Ep5Y4k3ZQ899DldepgrayRUGE6BBZ/cd9Cj44=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
@@ -159,8 +161,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190620200207-3b0461eec859/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLL
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200226121028-0de0cce0169b/go.mod h1:z5CRVTTTmAJ677TzLLGU+0bjPO0LkuOLi4/5GtJWs/s=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200625001655-4c5254603344/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81Ro3o1hOxt32SMVPicZroKQ2sZA=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20201021035429-f5854403a974/go.mod h1:sp8m0HH+o8qH0wwXwYZr8TS3Oi6o0r6Gce1SSxlDquU=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0 h1:pVaXccu2ozPjCXewfr1S7xza/zcXTity9cCdXQYSjIM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.17.0/go.mod h1:NxSsAGuq816PNPmqtQdLE42eU2Fs7NoRIZrHJAlaCOE=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0 h1:mIYleuAkSbHh0tCv7RvjL3F6ZVbLjq4+R7zbOn3Kokg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.18.0/go.mod h1:/czyP5RqHAH4odGYxBJ1qz0+CE5WZ+2j1YgoEo8F2jQ=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181108010431-42b317875d0f/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181221193216-37e7f081c4d4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
@@ -180,13 +182,13 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200625212154-ddb9806d33ae/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200930185726-fdedc70b468f/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210124154548-22da62e12c0c/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210603081109-ebe580a85c40/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0 h1:Af8nKPmuFypiUBjVoU9V20FiaFXOcuZI21p0ycVYYGE=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.13.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0 h1:Vz7Qs629MkJkGyHxUlRHizWJRG2j8fbQKjELVSNhy7Q=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.14.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.2/go.mod h1:bEr9sfX3Q8Zfm5fL9x+3itogRgK3+ptLWKqgva+5dAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0 h1:ablQoSUd0tRdKxZewP80B+BaqeKJuVhuRxj/dkrun3k=
-golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 h1:ScX5w1eTa3QqT8oi6+ziP7dTV1S2+ALU0bI+0zXKWiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180525024113-a5b4c53f6e8b/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20190311212946-11955173bddd/go.mod h1:LCzVGOaR6xXOjkQ3onu1FJEFr0SW1gC7cKk1uF8kGRs=
@@ -207,6 +209,8 @@ google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1 h1:KpwkzHKEF7B9Zxg
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20230410155749-daa745c078e1/go.mod h1:nKE/iIaLqn2bQwXBg8f1g2Ylh6r5MN5CmZvuzZCgsCU=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.56.3 h1:8I4C0Yq1EjstUzUJzpcRVbuYA2mODtEmpWiQoN/b2nc=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.56.3/go.mod h1:I9bI3vqKfayGqPUAwGdOSu7kt6oIJLixfffKrpXqQ9s=
+google.golang.org/grpc/examples v0.0.0-20230419000256-16651f60ddc5 h1:FjbWL/mGfyRQNxjagfT1chiHL1569WEA/OGH0ZIzGcI=
+google.golang.org/grpc/examples v0.0.0-20230419000256-16651f60ddc5/go.mod h1:5av8LiY5jU2KRcrX+SHtvLHnaOpPJ7gzWStBurgHlqY=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200109180630-ec00e32a8dfd/go.mod h1:DFci5gLYBciE7Vtevhsrf46CRTquxDuWsQurQQe4oz8=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200221191635-4d8936d0db64/go.mod h1:kwYJMbMJ01Woi6D6+Kah6886xMZcty6N08ah7+eCXa0=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200228230310-ab0ca4ff8a60/go.mod h1:cfTl7dwQJ+fmap5saPgwCLgHXTUD7jkjRqWcaiX5VyM=
@@ -215,8 +219,8 @@ google.golang.org/protobuf v1.21.0/go.mod h1:47Nbq4nVaFHyn7ilMalzfO3qCViNmqZ2kzi
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.23.0/go.mod h1:EGpADcykh3NcUnDUJcl1+ZksZNG86OlYog2l/sGQquU=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0 h1:kPPoIgf3TsEvrm0PFe15JQ+570QVxYzEvvHqChK+cng=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.30.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0 h1:g0LDEJHgrBl9N9r17Ru3sqWhkIx2NB67okBHPwC7hs8=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.31.0/go.mod h1:HV8QOd/L58Z+nl8r43ehVNZIU/HEI6OcFqwMG9pJV4I=
 gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6/go.mod h1:FMv+mEhP44yOT+4EoQTLFTRgOQ1FBLkstjWtayDeSgw=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=