diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 4598a282..b42346fe 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ Breaking changes are marked with ⚠️.
 - ⚠️ Allow getting the route name with `current()` when the current URL has a query string ([#330](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/330))
 - ⚠️ Return a literal string from the `route()` function when any arguments are passed to it ([#336](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/336))
 - ⚠️ Rename `namedRoutes` → `routes`, `defaultParameters` → `defaults`, `baseUrl` → `url`, and `basePort` → `port` ([#338](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/338))
+- ⚠️ Make the `filter()` method on the `Ziggy` class return an instance of that class instead of a collection of routes ([#341](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/341))
+- ⚠️ Make the `nameKeyedRoutes()`, `resolveBindings()`, `applyFilters()`, and `group()` methods on the `Ziggy` class, and the `generate()` method on the `CommandRouteGenerator` class, private ([#341](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/341))
 
 **Deprecated**
 
@@ -44,6 +46,7 @@ Breaking changes are marked with ⚠️.
 - ⚠️ Remove the `UrlBuilder` class ([#330](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/330))
 - ⚠️ Remove the `url()` method now that `route(...)` returns a string ([#336](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/336))
 - ⚠️ Remove the `baseDomain` and `baseProtocol` properties on the Ziggy config object ([#337](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/337))
+- ⚠️ Remove the `appendRouteToList()`, `isListedAs()`, `except()`, and `only()` methods from the `Ziggy` class ([#341](https://github.com/tighten/ziggy/pull/341))
 
 **Fixed**
 
diff --git a/src/CommandRouteGenerator.php b/src/CommandRouteGenerator.php
index 48161a7f..7f6b80c4 100644
--- a/src/CommandRouteGenerator.php
+++ b/src/CommandRouteGenerator.php
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public function handle()
         $this->info('File generated!');
     }
 
-    public function generate($group = false)
+    private function generate($group = false)
     {
         $payload = (new Ziggy($group, url($this->option('url'))))->toJson();
 
diff --git a/src/Ziggy.php b/src/Ziggy.php
index d4ba9148..3f29e45f 100644
--- a/src/Ziggy.php
+++ b/src/Ziggy.php
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public function __construct(string $group = null, string $url = null)
         $this->routes = $this->nameKeyedRoutes();
     }
 
-    public function applyFilters($group)
+    private function applyFilters($group)
     {
         if ($group) {
             return $this->group($group);
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ public function applyFilters($group)
         }
 
         if (config()->has('ziggy.except')) {
-            return $this->except();
+            return $this->filter(config('ziggy.except'), false)->routes;
         }
 
         if (config()->has('ziggy.only')) {
-            return $this->only();
+            return $this->filter(config('ziggy.only'))->routes;
         }
 
         return $this->routes;
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public function applyFilters($group)
     /**
      * Filter routes by group.
      */
-    public function group($group)
+    private function group($group)
     {
         if (is_array($group)) {
             $filters = [];
@@ -59,40 +59,32 @@ public function group($group)
                 $filters = array_merge($filters, config("ziggy.groups.{$groupName}"));
             }
 
-            return $this->filter($filters, true);
+            return $this->filter($filters, true)->routes;
         }
 
         if (config()->has("ziggy.groups.{$group}")) {
-            return $this->filter(config("ziggy.groups.{$group}"), true);
+            return $this->filter(config("ziggy.groups.{$group}"), true)->routes;
         }
 
         return $this->routes;
     }
 
-    public function except()
-    {
-        return $this->filter(config('ziggy.except'), false);
-    }
-
-    public function only()
-    {
-        return $this->filter(config('ziggy.only'));
-    }
-
     /**
      * Filter routes by name using the given patterns.
      */
-    public function filter($filters = [], $include = true)
+    public function filter($filters = [], $include = true): self
     {
-        return $this->routes->filter(function ($route, $name) use ($filters, $include) {
+        $this->routes = $this->routes->filter(function ($route, $name) use ($filters, $include) {
             return Str::is(Arr::wrap($filters), $name) ? $include : ! $include;
         });
+
+        return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * Get a list of the application's named routes, keyed by their names.
      */
-    protected function nameKeyedRoutes()
+    private function nameKeyedRoutes()
     {
         [$fallbacks, $routes] = collect(app('router')->getRoutes()->getRoutesByName())
             ->partition(function ($route) {
@@ -103,12 +95,6 @@ protected function nameKeyedRoutes()
 
         return $routes->merge($fallbacks)
             ->map(function ($route) use ($bindings) {
-                if ($this->isListedAs($route, 'except')) {
-                    $this->appendRouteToList($route->getName(), 'except');
-                } elseif ($this->isListedAs($route, 'only')) {
-                    $this->appendRouteToList($route->getName(), 'only');
-                }
-
                 return collect($route)->only(['uri', 'methods'])
                     ->put('domain', $route->domain())
                     ->put('bindings', $bindings[$route->getName()] ?? [])
@@ -153,27 +139,10 @@ public function toJson(int $options = 0): string
         return json_encode($this->jsonSerialize(), $options);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Add the given route name to the current list of routes.
-     */
-    protected function appendRouteToList($name, $list)
-    {
-        config()->push("ziggy.{$list}", $name);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if the given route name is present in the given list.
-     */
-    protected function isListedAs($route, $list)
-    {
-        return (isset($route->listedAs) && $route->listedAs === $list)
-            || Arr::get($route->getAction(), 'listed_as', null) === $list;
-    }
-
     /**
      * Resolve route key names for any route parameters using Eloquent route model binding.
      */
-    protected function resolveBindings(array $routes): array
+    private function resolveBindings(array $routes): array
     {
         $scopedBindings = method_exists(head($routes), 'bindingFields');
 
diff --git a/tests/Unit/RouteModelBindingTest.php b/tests/Unit/RouteModelBindingTest.php
index 7cd0cf0d..81aee22c 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/RouteModelBindingTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/RouteModelBindingTest.php
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public function can_register_implicit_route_model_bindings()
             ],
         ];
 
-        $this->assertSame($expected, (new Ziggy)->filter('users')->toArray());
+        $this->assertSame($expected, (new Ziggy)->filter('users')->toArray()['routes']);
     }
 
     /** @test */
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public function can_ignore_route_parameters_not_bound_to_eloquent_models()
                 'uri' => 'tokens/{token}',
                 'methods' => ['GET', 'HEAD'],
             ],
-        ], (new Ziggy)->filter(['tokens'])->toArray());
+        ], (new Ziggy)->filter(['tokens'])->toArray()['routes']);
     }
 
     /** @test */
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public function can_handle_bound_and_unbound_parameters_in_the_same_route()
             ],
         ];
 
-        $this->assertSame($expected, (new Ziggy)->filter('users.numbers')->toArray());
+        $this->assertSame($expected, (new Ziggy)->filter('users.numbers')->toArray()['routes']);
     }
 
     /** @test */
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public function can_handle_multiple_scoped_bindings()
                     'tag' => 'slug',
                 ],
             ],
-        ], (new Ziggy)->filter('posts*')->toArray());
+        ], (new Ziggy)->filter('posts*')->toArray()['routes']);
     }
 
     /** @test */
diff --git a/tests/Unit/ZiggyTest.php b/tests/Unit/ZiggyTest.php
index 5831b537..28447717 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/ZiggyTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/ZiggyTest.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ protected function setUp(): void
     }
 
     /**
-     * If running Laravel 7 or higher, the 'postComments.show' route.
+     * If running Laravel 7 or higher, add the 'postComments.show' route.
      */
     protected function addPostCommentsRouteWithBindings(array &$routes): void
     {
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public function can_filter_to_only_include_routes_matching_a_pattern()
             ],
         ];
 
-        $this->assertSame($expected, $routes->toArray());
+        $this->assertSame($expected, $routes->toArray()['routes']);
     }
 
     /** @test */
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public function can_filter_to_exclude_routes_matching_a_pattern()
 
         $this->addPostCommentsRouteWithBindings($expected);
 
-        $this->assertSame($expected, $routes->toArray());
+        $this->assertSame($expected, $routes->toArray()['routes']);
     }
 
     /** @test */