Name	Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
parent directory ..
carol	carol
moon	moon
scripts	scripts
Dockerfile	Dockerfile
README.md	README.md
caKey.pem	caKey.pem
docker-compose.yml	docker-compose.yml
strongswan.conf	strongswan.conf

pq-strongswan

Build and run a strongSwan 6.0beta Post-Quantum IKEv2 Daemon in a Docker image. The current prototype implementation is based on the two following IETF documents:

RFC 9242: Intermediate Exchange in the IKEv2 Protocol
RFC 9370: Multiple Key Exchanges in IKEv2

Docker Setup
strongSwan Configuration
Start up the IKEv2 Daemons
Establish the IKE SA and first Child SA
Establish a second CHILD SA
Use the IPsec Tunnels
Rekeying of first CHILD SA
Rekeying of second CHILD SA
Rekeying of IKE SA
SA Status after Rekeying

Docker Setup

Pull Docker Image

$ docker pull strongx509/pq-strongswan

Build Docker Image

Alternatively the docker image can be built from scratch in the pq-strongswan directory with

$ docker build -t strongx509/pq-strongswan .

The build rules are defined in Dockerfile.

Create Docker Containers and Local Networks

We clone the strongSwan docker-compose environment which automatically installs the strongx509/pq-strongswan docker image and brings the moon and carol docker containers up:

$ git clone https://github.com/strongX509/docker.git
$ cd docker/pq-strongswan
$ sh scripts/gen_dirs.sh
$ docker-compose up
Creating moon ... done
Creating carol ... done
Attaching to moon, carol

The network topology that has been created looks as follows:

               +-------+                        +--------+
  10.3.0.1 --- | carol | === 192.168.0.0/24 === |  moon  | --- 10.1.0.0/16
 Virtual IP    +-------+ .3     Internet     .2 +--------+ .2    Intranet

VPN client carol and VPN gateway moon are connected with each other via the 192.168.0.0/24 network emulating the Internet. Behind moon there is an additional 10.1.0.0/16 network acting as an Intranet. Within the IPsec tunnel carol is going to use the virtual IP address 10.3.0.1 that will be assigned to the client by the gateway via the IKEv2 protocol.

strongSwan Configuration

strongSwan options can be configured in the /etc/strongswan.conf file which in our case contains the startup scripts and a logging directive diverting the debug output to stderr. We also define the size of the IP fragments and the maximum IKEv2 packet size which can be quite considerable with some post-quantum Key Exchange Methods.

charon {
   start-scripts {
      creds = swanctl --load-creds
      conns = swanctl --load-conns
      pools = swanctl --load-pools
   }
   filelog {
      stderr {
         default = 1
      }
   }
   send_vendor_id = yes
   prefer_configured_proposals = no
   fragment_size = 1480
   max_packet = 30000
}

NIST Selected KEM Algorithms 2022

Keyword	Key Exchange Method	Keyword	Key Exchange Method	Keyword	Key Exchange Method
`kyber1`	`KYBER_L1`	`kyber3`	`KYBER_L3`	`kyber5`	`KYBER_L5`

BSI Recommended KEM Algorithms

Keyword	Key Exchange Method	Keyword	Key Exchange Method	Keyword	Key Exchange Method
`frodoa1`	`FRODO_AES_L1`	`frodoa3`	`FRODO_AES_L3`	`frodoa5`	`FRODO_AES_L5`
`frodos1`	`FRODO_SHAKE_L1`	`frodos3`	`FRODO_SHAKE_L3`	`frodos5`	`FRODO_SHAKE_L5`

NIST Round 4 Submission KEM Algorithms

Keyword	Key Exchange Method	Keyword	Key Exchange Method	Keyword	Key Exchange Method
`bike1`	`BIKE_L1`	`bike3`	`BIKE_L3`	`bike5`	`BIKE_L5`
`hqc1`	`HQC_L1`	`hqc3`	`HQC_L3`	`hqc5`	`HQC_L5`

The KEM algorithms listed above are implemented by the strongSwan oqs plugin which in turn uses the liboqs Open Quantum-Safe library. There is also a frodo plugin which implements the FrodoKEM algorithm with strongSwan crypto primitives. There is currently no support for the Classic McEliece , although being a NIST round 4 KEM submission candidate, is not an option for IKE due to the huge public key size of more than 100 kB.

NIST Selected Signature Algorithms 2022

Keyword	Signature Key Type	Keyword	Signature Key Type	Keyword	Signature Key Type
`dilithium2`	`KEY_DILITHIUM_2`	`dilithium3`	`KEY_DILITHIUM_3`	`dilithium5`	`KEY_DILITHIUM_5`
`falcon512`	`KEY_FALCON_512`			`falcon1024`	`KEY_FALCON_1024`

Currently the lattice-based Crystals-Dilithium and Falcon NIST Selected Signature Algorithms 2022 are supported by the strongSwan oqs plugin. We explicitly add the oqs plugin to the load list of the pki tool in strongswan.conf so that the post-quantum signature algorithms are loaded.

pki {
   load = plugins: random drbg x509 pubkey pkcs1 pkcs8 pkcs12 pem openssl oqs
}

VPN Client Configuration

This is the swanctl.conf connection configuration file of the client carol

connections {
   home {
      remote_addrs = 192.168.0.2
      vips = 0.0.0.0
   
      local {
         auth = pubkey
         certs = carolCert.pem
         id = carol@strongswan.org
      }
      remote {
         auth = pubkey
         id = moon.strongswan.org
      }
      children {
         net {
            remote_ts = 10.1.0.0/16
            esp_proposals = aes256-sha256-x25519-ke1_kyber3-ke2_bike3-ke3_hqc3
            rekey_time = 20m
          }
         host {
            esp_proposals = aes256-sha256-modp3072-ke1_frodoa3-ke2_bike3
            rekey_time = 20m
         }
      }
      version = 2
      proposals = aes256-sha256-x25519-ke1_kyber3-ke2_bike3-ke3_hqc3
      rekey_time = 30m
   }
}

Two child security associations are defined:

The net CHILD_SA connecting the client with the subnet10.1.0.0/16 behind the gateway
The host CHILD_SA connecting the client with the outer IP address of the gateway itself.

Due to the rekey parameter the CHILD_SAs will be periodically rekeyed every 20 minutes (1200 seconds ) whereas the IKE_SA will be rekeyed every 30 minutes (1800 seconds) in order to demonstrate the post-quantum multi-key rekeying process. The default rekeying values are 1 hour (3600 seconds) and 4 hours (14400 seconds), respectively.

VPN Gateway Configuration

This is the swanctl.conf connection configuration file of the gateway moon

connections {
   rw {
      pools = rw_pool

      local {
         auth = pubkey
         certs = moonCert.pem
         id = moon.strongswan.org
      }
      remote {
         auth = pubkey
         cacerts = caCert.pem
      }
      children {
         net {
            local_ts = 10.1.0.0/24

            esp_proposals = aes256-sha256-x25519-ke1_kyber3-ke2_bike3-ke3_hqc3-ke3_none-ke4_hqc5-ke4_none
         }
         host {
            esp_proposals = aes256-sha256-modp3072-ke1_frodoa3-ke2_bike3
         }
      }
      version = 2
      proposals = aes256-sha256-x25519-modp3072-ke1_kyber3-ke1_frodoa3-ke2_bike3-ke2_hqc3-ke3_hqc3-ke3_none-ke4_hqc5-ke4_none
   }
}

pools {

   rw_pool {
      addrs = 10.3.0.0/24
   }
}

Start up the IKEv2 Daemons

On VPN Gateway "moon"

In an additional console window we open a bash shell to start and manage the strongSwan charon daemon in the moon container

moon$ docker exec -ti moon /bin/bash
moon# ./charon &
00[DMN] Starting IKE charon daemon (strongSwan 6.0.0beta4, Linux 6.2.0-26-generic, x86_64)
00[LIB] providers loaded by OpenSSL: legacy default
00[CFG] install DNS servers in '/etc/resolv.conf'
00[LIB] loaded plugins: charon random nonce x509 revocation constraints pubkey pkcs1 pkcs7 pgp dnskey sshkey pem openssl pkcs8 xcbc cmac kdf frodo oqs drbg attr kernel-netlink resolve socket-default vici updown
00[JOB] spawning 16 worker threads
00[DMN] executing start script 'creds' (swanctl --load-creds)
08[CFG] loaded certificate 'C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=moon.strongswan.org'
11[CFG] loaded certificate 'C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA'
01[CFG] loaded Dilithium5 private key
00[DMN] creds: loaded certificate from '/etc/swanctl/x509/moonCert.pem'
00[DMN] creds: loaded certificate from '/etc/swanctl/x509ca/caCert.pem'
00[DMN] creds: loaded Dilithium5 key from '/etc/swanctl/pkcs8/moonKey.pem'
00[DMN] executing start script 'conns' (swanctl --load-conns)
06[CFG] added vici connection: rw
00[DMN] conns: loaded connection 'rw'
00[DMN] conns: successfully loaded 1 connections, 0 unloaded
00[DMN] executing start script 'pools' (swanctl --load-pools)
15[CFG] added vici pool rw_pool: 10.3.0.0, 254 entries
00[DMN] pools: loaded pool 'rw_pool'
00[DMN] pools: successfully loaded 1 pools, 0 unloaded

The connection definition loaded via the VICI interface to gateway moon can be viewed with the command

moon# swanctl --list-conns
rw: IKEv2, no reauthentication, rekeying every 14400s
  local:  %any
  remote: %any
  local public key authentication:
    id: moon.strongswan.org
    certs: C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=moon.strongswan.org
  remote public key authentication:
    cacerts: C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA
  net: TUNNEL, rekeying every 3600s
    local:  10.1.0.0/24
    remote: dynamic
  host: TUNNEL, rekeying every 3600s
    local:  dynamic
    remote: dynamic

and the loaded X.509 certificates based on post-quantum Dilithium4 signature keys with the command

moon# swanctl --list-certs

List of X.509 End Entity Certificates

  subject:  "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=moon.strongswan.org"
  issuer:   "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
  validity:  not before Aug 29 10:33:30 2023, ok
             not after  Aug 29 10:33:30 2027, ok (expires in 1460 days)
  serial:    62:cf:a6:81:ef:f1:97:08
  altNames:  moon.strongswan.org
  flags:     
  authkeyId: a7:9c:ed:6f:79:27:b0:85:1f:e3:e3:a3:ea:41:e7:15:24:45:80:ea
  subjkeyId: 0f:87:d3:ba:b7:e4:36:38:61:e1:c0:9f:8e:5e:e2:db:8d:24:da:70
  pubkey:    Dilithium5 20736 bits, has private key
  keyid:     0a:3d:09:23:52:53:14:c5:da:3a:5a:a0:2f:29:76:68:c8:cf:75:d1
  subjkey:   0f:87:d3:ba:b7:e4:36:38:61:e1:c0:9f:8e:5e:e2:db:8d:24:da:70

List of X.509 CA Certificates

  subject:  "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
  issuer:   "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
  validity:  not before Aug 29 10:33:30 2023, ok
             not after  Aug 28 10:33:30 2033, ok (expires in 3651 days)
  serial:    4d:1c:d2:20:0f:52:67:73
  flags:     CA CRLSign self-signed 
  subjkeyId: a7:9c:ed:6f:79:27:b0:85:1f:e3:e3:a3:ea:41:e7:15:24:45:80:ea
  pubkey:    Falcon1024 14344 bits
  keyid:     bb:2a:5f:ed:88:f8:16:c2:5f:59:c0:f1:0d:1f:24:97:23:7a:3a:9d
  subjkey:   a7:9c:ed:6f:79:27:b0:85:1f:e3:e3:a3:ea:41:e7:15:24:45:80:ea

On VPN Client "carol"

In a third console window we open a bashshell to start and manage the strongSwan charon daemon in the carol container

carol$ docker exec -ti carol /bin/bash
carol# ./charon &
00[DMN] Starting IKE charon daemon (strongSwan 6.0.0beta4, Linux 6.2.0-26-generic, x86_64)
00[LIB] providers loaded by OpenSSL: legacy default
00[CFG] install DNS servers in '/etc/resolv.conf'
00[LIB] loaded plugins: charon random nonce x509 revocation constraints pubkey pkcs1 pkcs7 pgp dnskey sshkey pem openssl pkcs8 xcbc cmac kdf frodo oqs drbg attr kernel-netlink resolve socket-default vici updown
00[JOB] spawning 16 worker threads
00[DMN] executing start script 'creds' (swanctl --load-creds)
06[CFG] loaded certificate 'C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=carol@strongswan.org'
11[CFG] loaded certificate 'C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA'
15[CFG] loaded Dilithium5 private key
00[DMN] creds: loaded certificate from '/etc/swanctl/x509/carolCert.pem'
00[DMN] creds: loaded certificate from '/etc/swanctl/x509ca/caCert.pem'
00[DMN] creds: loaded Dilithium5 key from '/etc/swanctl/pkcs8/carolKey.pem'
00[DMN] executing start script 'conns' (swanctl --load-conns)
14[CFG] added vici connection: home
00[DMN] conns: loaded connection 'home'
00[DMN] conns: successfully loaded 1 connections, 0 unloaded
00[DMN] executing start script 'pools' (swanctl --load-pools)
00[DMN] pools: no pools found, 0 unloaded

We also list the connection definition on carol

carol# swanctl --list-conns
home: IKEv2, no reauthentication, rekeying every 1800s
  local:  %any
  remote: 192.168.0.2
  local public key authentication:
    id: carol@strongswan.org
    certs: C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=carol@strongswan.org
  remote public key authentication:
    id: moon.strongswan.org
  net: TUNNEL, rekeying every 1200s
    local:  dynamic
    remote: 10.1.0.0/16
  host: TUNNEL, rekeying every 1200s
    local:  dynamic
    remote: dynamic

and the loaded X.509 certificates based on post-quantum Dilithium4 signature keys

carol# swanctl --list-certs

  subject:  "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=carol@strongswan.org"
  issuer:   "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
  validity:  not before Aug 29 10:33:30 2023, ok
             not after  Aug 29 10:33:30 2027, ok (expires in 1460 days)
  serial:    64:a9:3e:7b:1f:0d:9c:ec
  altNames:  carol@strongswan.org
  flags:     
  authkeyId: a7:9c:ed:6f:79:27:b0:85:1f:e3:e3:a3:ea:41:e7:15:24:45:80:ea
  subjkeyId: 0a:ca:7a:bf:74:9b:ed:2c:ee:82:90:78:93:16:db:e5:e6:13:48:5c
  pubkey:    Dilithium5 20736 bits, has private key
  keyid:     88:4d:87:3d:30:af:5b:bb:7c:50:21:8a:fd:04:fd:7b:e8:05:14:ec
  subjkey:   0a:ca:7a:bf:74:9b:ed:2c:ee:82:90:78:93:16:db:e5:e6:13:48:5c

List of X.509 CA Certificates

  subject:  "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
  issuer:   "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
  validity:  not before Aug 29 10:33:30 2023, ok
             not after  Aug 28 10:33:30 2033, ok (expires in 3651 days)
  serial:    4d:1c:d2:20:0f:52:67:73
  flags:     CA CRLSign self-signed 
  subjkeyId: a7:9c:ed:6f:79:27:b0:85:1f:e3:e3:a3:ea:41:e7:15:24:45:80:ea
  pubkey:    Falcon1024 14344 bits
  keyid:     bb:2a:5f:ed:88:f8:16:c2:5f:59:c0:f1:0d:1f:24:97:23:7a:3a:9d
  subjkey:   a7:9c:ed:6f:79:27:b0:85:1f:e3:e3:a3:ea:41:e7:15:24:45:80:ea

We can also list all supported legacy as well as post-quantum key exchange algorithms

carol# swanctl --list-algs

ke:
  MODP_3072[openssl]
  MODP_4096[openssl]
  MODP_6144[openssl]
  MODP_8192[openssl]
  MODP_2048[openssl]
  MODP_2048_224[openssl]
  MODP_2048_256[openssl]
  MODP_1536[openssl]
  MODP_1024[openssl]
  MODP_1024_160[openssl]
  MODP_768[openssl]
  MODP_CUSTOM[openssl]
  ECP_256[openssl]
  ECP_384[openssl]
  ECP_521[openssl]
  ECP_224[openssl]
  ECP_192[openssl]
  ECP_256_BP[openssl]
  ECP_384_BP[openssl]
  ECP_512_BP[openssl]
  ECP_224_BP[openssl]
  CURVE_25519[openssl]
  CURVE_448[openssl]
  FRODO_SHAKE_L1[frodo]
  FRODO_SHAKE_L3[frodo]
  FRODO_SHAKE_L5[frodo]
  FRODO_AES_L1[frodo]
  FRODO_AES_L3[frodo]
  FRODO_AES_L5[frodo]
  KYBER_L1[oqs]
  KYBER_L3[oqs]
  KYBER_L5[oqs]
  BIKE_L1[oqs]
  BIKE_L3[oqs]
  BIKE_L5[oqs]
  HQC_L1[oqs]
  HQC_L3[oqs]
  HQC_L5[oqs]

Establish the IKE SA and first Child SA

Since in the docker container the charon daemon has been started on the command line and put in the background, we suppress the duplicate output of the swanctl --initiate command. Normally charon is started as a systemd service and writes to syslog.

carol# swanctl --initiate --child net > /dev/null
12[CFG] vici initiate CHILD_SA 'net'
13[IKE] initiating IKE_SA home[1] to 192.168.0.2
13[ENC] generating IKE_SA_INIT request 0 [ SA KE No N(NATD_S_IP) N(NATD_D_IP) N(FRAG_SUP) N(HASH_ALG) N(REDIR_SUP) N(IKE_INT_SUP) V ]
13[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[500] to 192.168.0.2[500] (292 bytes)

We see that client carol sends the IKEV2_FRAGMENTATION_SUPPORTED (FRAG_SUP) and INTERMEDIATE_EXCHANGE_SUPPORTED (IKE_INT_SUP) notifications in the IKE_SA_INIT request, for the two mechanisms required to enable a post-quantum key exchange.

Also a traditional KEY_EXCHANGE (KE) payload is sent which contains the public factor of the legacy X25519 elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman group.

06[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[500] to 192.168.0.3[500] (325 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_SA_INIT response 0 [ SA KE No N(NATD_S_IP) N(NATD_D_IP) CERTREQ N(FRAG_SUP) N(HASH_ALG) N(CHDLESS_SUP) N(IKE_INT_SUP) N(MULT_AUTH) V ]

Gateway moon supports the same mechanisms so that a post-quantum key exchange should succeed and its KE payload in turn allows to form a first SKEYSEED master secret that is used to derive IKEv2 encryption and data integrity session keys so that the subsequent IKE_INTERMEDIATE messages in a secure way.

06[IKE] received strongSwan vendor ID
06[CFG] selected proposal: IKE:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/PRF_HMAC_SHA2_256/CURVE_25519/KE1_KYBER_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3/KE3_HQC_L3
06[IKE] received cert request for "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"

The negotiated hybrid key exchange will use Dan Bernstein's X25519 elliptic curve for the initial exchange, followed by three rounds of post-quantum key exchanges consisting of the Kyber, BIKE and HQC algorithms, all of them on NIST security level 3.

06[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 1 [ KE ]
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1264 bytes)
05[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1168 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 1 [ KE ]

The Kyber key exchange has been completed and the derived secret has been added to the SKEYSEED master secret.

05[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 2 [ KE ]
05[ENC] splitting IKE message (3168 bytes) into 3 fragments
05[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 2 [ EF(1/3) ]
05[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 2 [ EF(2/3) ]
05[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 2 [ EF(3/3) ]
05[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (420 bytes)
08[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
08[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 2 [ EF(1/3) ]
08[ENC] received fragment #1 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
06[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 2 [ EF(2/3) ]
06[ENC] received fragment #2 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
11[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (452 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 2 [ EF(3/3) ]
11[ENC] received fragment #3 of 3, reassembled fragmented IKE message (3200 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 2 [ KE ]

The BIKE key exchange has been completed and the derived secret has been added to the SKEYSEED master secret.

11[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 3 [ KE ]
11[ENC] splitting IKE message (4608 bytes) into 4 fragments
11[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 3 [ EF(1/4) ]
11[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 3 [ EF(2/4) ]
11[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 3 [ EF(3/4) ]
11[ENC] generating IKE_INTERMEDIATE request 3 [ EF(4/4) ]
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (484 bytes)
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ EF(1/7) ]
04[ENC] received fragment #1 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
14[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ EF(2/7) ]
14[ENC] received fragment #2 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
08[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
08[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ EF(3/7) ]
08[ENC] received fragment #3 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
13[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
13[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ EF(4/7) ]
13[ENC] received fragment #4 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
09[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ EF(5/7) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #5 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
05[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ EF(6/7) ]
05[ENC] received fragment #6 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
06[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (868 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ EF(7/7) ]
06[ENC] received fragment #7 of 7, reassembled fragmented IKE message (9104 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_INTERMEDIATE response 3 [ KE ]

The HQC key exchange has been completed and the derived secret has been added to the SKEYSEED master secret.

06[IKE] sending cert request for "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
06[IKE] authentication of 'carol@strongswan.org' (myself) with DILITHIUM_5 successful
06[IKE] sending end entity cert "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=carol@strongswan.org"
06[IKE] establishing CHILD_SA net{1}
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ IDi CERT N(INIT_CONTACT) CERTREQ IDr AUTH CPRQ(ADDR DNS) SA TSi TSr N(MOBIKE_SUP) N(NO_ADD_ADDR) N(MULT_AUTH) N(EAP_ONLY) N(MSG_ID_SYN_SUP) ]
06[ENC] splitting IKE message (9088 bytes) into 7 fragments
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EF(1/7) ]
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EF(2/7) ]
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EF(3/7) ]
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EF(4/7) ]
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EF(5/7) ]
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EF(6/7) ]
06[ENC] generating IKE_AUTH request 4 [ EF(7/7) ]
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (836 bytes)

The IKE_AUTH request containing a post-quantum Dilithium5 X.509 client certificate and a corresponding NIST security level 5 digital signature gets so large that it has to be split into 7 IKEv2 fragments.

15[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
15[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ EF(1/7) ]
15[ENC] received fragment #1 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
05[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ EF(2/7) ]
05[ENC] received fragment #2 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
11[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ EF(3/7) ]
11[ENC] received fragment #3 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
09[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ EF(4/7) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #4 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
14[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ EF(5/7) ]
14[ENC] received fragment #5 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
08[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
08[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ EF(6/7) ]
08[ENC] received fragment #6 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (756 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ EF(7/7) ]
04[ENC] received fragment #7 of 7, reassembled fragmented IKE message (9008 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_AUTH response 4 [ IDr CERT AUTH CPRP(ADDR) SA TSi TSr N(MOBIKE_SUP) N(ADD_4_ADDR) ]
04[IKE] received end entity cert "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=moon.strongswan.org"
04[CFG]   using certificate "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=moon.strongswan.org"
04[CFG]   using trusted ca certificate "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=Cyber Root CA"
04[CFG]   reached self-signed root ca with a path length of 0
04[CFG] checking certificate status of "C=CH, O=Cyber, CN=moon.strongswan.org"
04[CFG] certificate status is not available
04[IKE] authentication of 'moon.strongswan.org' with DILITHIUM_5 successful

IKEv2 fragmentation has also to be applied to the IKE_AUTH response containing a post-quantum Dilithium5 X.509 gateway certificate and a corresponding NIST security level 5 digital signature as well. Both the client and gateway certificates are signed by a NIST security level 5 Falcon1024 CA.

04[IKE] installing new virtual IP 10.3.0.1
04[IKE] peer supports MOBIKE
04[IKE] IKE_SA home[1] established between 192.168.0.3[carol@strongswan.org]...192.168.0.2[moon.strongswan.org]
04[IKE] scheduling rekeying in 1695s
04[IKE] maximum IKE_SA lifetime 1875s
04[CFG] selected proposal: ESP:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/NO_EXT_SEQ
04[IKE] CHILD_SA net{1} established with SPIs cd5c1aef_i cb0c1fd9_o and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 10.1.0.0/24

Establish a second CHILD SA

carol# swanctl --initiate --child host > /dev/null
13[CFG] vici initiate CHILD_SA 'host'
09[IKE] establishing CHILD_SA host{2}
09[ENC] generating CREATE_CHILD_SA request 5 [ SA No KE TSi TSr ]
09[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (624 bytes)
12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (624 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed CREATE_CHILD_SA response 5 [ SA No KE TSi TSr N(ADD_KE) ]

The KE payload in the CREATE_CHILD_SA message exchange transports the public factors of the 3072 bit prime Diffie-Hellman group.

12[CFG] selected proposal: ESP:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/MODP_3072/NO_EXT_SEQ/KE1_FRODO_AES_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3

The negotiated hybrid key exchange will use the 3072 bitprime Diffie-Hellman group for the initial exchange, followed by two rounds of post-quantum key exchanges consisting of the FrodoKEM and BIKE algorithms, both of them on NIST security level 3.

112[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
12[ENC] splitting IKE message (15728 bytes) into 12 fragments
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(1/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(2/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(3/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(4/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(5/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(6/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(7/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(8/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(9/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(10/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(11/12) ]
12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 6 [ EF(12/12) ]
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (596 bytes)

The design of FrodoKEM is quite conservative so that the large public key sent by the initiator via the IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE message has to be split into 12 IKEv2 fragments.

09[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(1/12) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #1 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
09[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (708 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(12/12) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #12 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
07[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
07[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(3/12) ]
07[ENC] received fragment #3 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
10[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(4/12) ]
10[ENC] received fragment #4 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
11[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(5/12) ]
11[ENC] received fragment #5 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
05[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(6/12) ]
05[ENC] received fragment #6 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(7/12) ]
04[ENC] received fragment #7 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
14[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(8/12) ]
14[ENC] received fragment #8 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
08[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
08[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(9/12) ]
08[ENC] received fragment #9 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(10/12) ]
12[ENC] received fragment #10 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
06[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(11/12) ]
06[ENC] received fragment #11 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
15[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
15[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ EF(2/12) ]
15[ENC] received fragment #2 of 12, reassembled fragmented IKE message (15840 bytes)
15[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 6 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]

The encrypted session secret sent by the responder has to be fragmented into 12 parts as well. The FrodoKEM key exchange has been completed and the derived secret has been added to the SKEYSEED master secret.

15[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 7 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
15[ENC] splitting IKE message (3168 bytes) into 3 fragments
15[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 7 [ EF(1/3) ]
15[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 7 [ EF(2/3) ]
15[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 7 [ EF(3/3) ]
15[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
15[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
15[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (420 bytes)
10[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 7 [ EF(1/3) ]
10[ENC] received fragment #1 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
09[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 7 [ EF(2/3) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #2 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (452 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 7 [ EF(3/3) ]
04[ENC] received fragment #3 of 3, reassembled fragmented IKE message (3200 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 7 [ KE ]

The BIKE public key and encrypted secret need three IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE fragments each. The BIKE key exchange has been completed and the derived secret has been added to the SKEYSEED master secret.

04[IKE] CHILD_SA host{2} established with SPIs cced9093_i cde7a04b_o and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 192.168.0.2/32

Use the IPsec Tunnels

First we ping the network behind gateway moon

carol# ping -c 2 10.1.0.2
PING 10.1.0.2 (10.1.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.1.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.108 ms
64 bytes from 10.1.0.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.225 ms

and then the gateway moon on its external IP address itself

carol# ping -c 1 192.168.0.2
PING 192.168.0.2 (192.168.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.293 ms

carol# swanctl --list-sas
home: #1, ESTABLISHED, IKEv2, cb469ea1a7223567_i* 6010c9fd60119c5b_r
  local  'carol@strongswan.org' @ 192.168.0.3[4500] [10.3.0.1]
  remote 'moon.strongswan.org' @ 192.168.0.2[4500]
  AES_CBC-256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/PRF_HMAC_SHA2_256/CURVE_25519/KE1_KYBER_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3/KE3_HQC_L3
  established 298s ago, rekeying in 1397s
  net: #1, reqid 1, INSTALLED, TUNNEL, ESP:AES_CBC-256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128
    installed 298s ago, rekeying in 782s, expires in 1022s
    in  cd5c1aef,    168 bytes,     2 packets,    44s ago
    out cb0c1fd9,    168 bytes,     2 packets,    44s ago
    local  10.3.0.1/32
    remote 10.1.0.0/24
  host: #2, reqid 2, INSTALLED, TUNNEL, ESP:AES_CBC-256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/MODP_3072/KE1_FRODO_AES_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3
    installed 270s ago, rekeying in 846s, expires in 1050s
    in  cced9093,     84 bytes,     1 packets,    25s ago
    out cde7a04b,     84 bytes,     1 packets,    25s ago
    local  10.3.0.1/32
    remote 192.168.0.2/32

Rekeying of first CHILD SA

The rekeying of the first 'CHILD_SA' takes place automatically after the rekey_time interval of 20 minutes.

14[KNL] creating rekey job for CHILD_SA ESP/0xcb0c1fd9/192.168.0.2
14[IKE] establishing CHILD_SA net{3} reqid 1
14[ENC] generating CREATE_CHILD_SA request 8 [ N(REKEY_SA) SA No KE TSi TSr ]
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (288 bytes)
12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (288 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed CREATE_CHILD_SA response 8 [ SA No KE TSi TSr N(ADD_KE) ]

12[CFG] selected proposal: ESP:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/CURVE_25519/NO_EXT_SEQ/KE1_KYBER_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3/KE3_HQC_L3

12[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 9 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
12[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1280 bytes)
07[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1184 bytes)
07[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 9 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]

07[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 10 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
07[ENC] splitting IKE message (3168 bytes) into 3 fragments
07[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 10 [ EF(1/3) ]
07[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 10 [ EF(2/3) ]
07[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 10 [ EF(3/3) ]
07[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
07[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
07[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (420 bytes)
15[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
15[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 10 [ EF(1/3) ]
15[ENC] received fragment #1 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
09[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 10 [ EF(2/3) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #2 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
11[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (452 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 10 [ EF(3/3) ]
11[ENC] received fragment #3 of 3, reassembled fragmented IKE message (3200 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 10 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]

11[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 11 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
11[ENC] splitting IKE message (4608 bytes) into 4 fragments
11[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 11 [ EF(1/4) ]
11[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 11 [ EF(2/4) ]
11[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 11 [ EF(3/4) ]
11[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 11 [ EF(4/4) ]
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (484 bytes)
08[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
08[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ EF(1/7) ]
08[ENC] received fragment #1 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
05[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ EF(2/7) ]
05[ENC] received fragment #2 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ EF(3/7) ]
04[ENC] received fragment #3 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
06[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ EF(4/7) ]
06[ENC] received fragment #4 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
14[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ EF(5/7) ]
14[ENC] received fragment #5 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
13[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
13[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ EF(6/7) ]
13[ENC] received fragment #6 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
10[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (868 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ EF(7/7) ]
10[ENC] received fragment #7 of 7, reassembled fragmented IKE message (9104 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 11 [ KE ]

10[IKE] inbound CHILD_SA net{3} established with SPIs cd159185_i c5c4a85f_o and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 10.1.0.0/24
10[IKE] outbound CHILD_SA net{3} established with SPIs cd159185_i c5c4a85f_o and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 10.1.0.0/24

The new CHILD_SA has been established..

10[IKE] rekeyed CHILD_SA net{1} with SPIs cd5c1aef_i cb0c1fd9_o with net{3} with SPIs cd159185_i c5c4a85f_o
10[IKE] closing CHILD_SA net{1} with SPIs cd5c1aef_i (168 bytes) cb0c1fd9_o (168 bytes) and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 10.1.0.0/24
10[IKE] sending DELETE for ESP CHILD_SA with SPI cd5c1aef
10[ENC] generating INFORMATIONAL request 12 [ D ]
10[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (80 bytes)
12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (80 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed INFORMATIONAL response 12 [ D ]
12[IKE] received DELETE for ESP CHILD_SA with SPI cb0c1fd9
12[IKE] delay closing of inbound CHILD_SA net{1} for 5s
05[IKE] CHILD_SA net{1} closed

The old CHILD_SA has been deleted.

Rekeying of second CHILD SA

The rekeying of the second 'CHILD_SA' takes place automatically after the rekey_time interval of 20 minutes.

04[KNL] creating rekey job for CHILD_SA ESP/0xcde7a04b/192.168.0.2
04[IKE] establishing CHILD_SA host{4} reqid 2
04[ENC] generating CREATE_CHILD_SA request 13 [ N(REKEY_SA) SA No KE TSi TSr ]
04[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (624 bytes)
14[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (624 bytes)
14[ENC] parsed CREATE_CHILD_SA response 13 [ SA No KE TSi TSr N(ADD_KE) ]

14[CFG] selected proposal: ESP:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/MODP_3072/NO_EXT_SEQ/KE1_FRODO_AES_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3

14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
14[ENC] splitting IKE message (15728 bytes) into 12 fragments
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(1/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(2/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(3/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(4/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(5/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(6/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(7/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(8/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(9/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(10/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(11/12) ]
14[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 14 [ EF(12/12) ]
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (596 bytes)

13[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
13[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(1/12) ]
13[ENC] received fragment #1 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
10[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(2/12) ]
10[ENC] received fragment #2 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(3/12) ]
12[ENC] received fragment #3 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
07[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
07[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(4/12) ]
07[ENC] received fragment #4 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
15[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
15[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(5/12) ]
15[ENC] received fragment #5 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
09[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(6/12) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #6 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
08[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
08[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(8/12) ]
08[ENC] received fragment #8 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
11[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(7/12) ]
11[ENC] received fragment #7 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
06[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(9/12) ]
06[ENC] received fragment #9 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(10/12) ]
04[ENC] received fragment #10 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
14[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
14[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(11/12) ]
14[ENC] received fragment #11 of 12, waiting for complete IKE message
05[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (708 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ EF(12/12) ]
05[ENC] received fragment #12 of 12, reassembled fragmented IKE message (15840 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 14 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]

05[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 15 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
05[ENC] splitting IKE message (3168 bytes) into 3 fragments
05[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 15 [ EF(1/3) ]
05[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 15 [ EF(2/3) ]
05[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 15 [ EF(3/3) ]
05[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (420 bytes)
13[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
13[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 15 [ EF(1/3) ]
13[ENC] received fragment #1 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 15 [ EF(2/3) ]
12[ENC] received fragment #2 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
10[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (452 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 15 [ EF(3/3) ]
10[ENC] received fragment #3 of 3, reassembled fragmented IKE message (3200 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 15 [ KE ]

10[IKE] inbound CHILD_SA host{4} established with SPIs c4099340_i c234e9f5_o and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 192.168.0.2/32
10[IKE] outbound CHILD_SA host{4} established with SPIs c4099340_i c234e9f5_o and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 192.168.0.2/32

The new CHILD_SA has been established..

10[IKE] rekeyed CHILD_SA host{2} with SPIs cced9093_i cde7a04b_o with host{4} with SPIs c4099340_i c234e9f5_o
10[IKE] closing CHILD_SA host{2} with SPIs cced9093_i (84 bytes) cde7a04b_o (84 bytes) and TS 10.3.0.1/32 === 192.168.0.2/32
10[IKE] sending DELETE for ESP CHILD_SA with SPI cced9093
10[ENC] generating INFORMATIONAL request 16 [ D ]
10[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (80 bytes)
07[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (80 bytes)
07[ENC] parsed INFORMATIONAL response 16 [ D ]
07[IKE] received DELETE for ESP CHILD_SA with SPI cde7a04b
07[IKE] delay closing of inbound CHILD_SA host{2} for 5s
06[IKE] CHILD_SA host{2} closed

The old CHILD_SA has been deleted.

Rekeying of IKE SA

The rekeying of the first 'IKE_SA' takes place automatically after the rekey_time interval of 30 minutes.

14[IKE] initiating IKE_SA home[2] to 192.168.0.2
14[ENC] generating CREATE_CHILD_SA request 17 [ SA No KE ]
14[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (224 bytes)
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (240 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed CREATE_CHILD_SA response 17 [ SA No KE N(ADD_KE) ]

04[CFG] selected proposal: IKE:AES_CBC_256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/PRF_HMAC_SHA2_256/CURVE_25519/KE1_KYBER_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3/KE3_HQC_L3

04[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 18 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
04[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1280 bytes)
13[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1184 bytes)
13[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 18 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]

13[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 19 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
13[ENC] splitting IKE message (3168 bytes) into 3 fragments
13[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 19 [ EF(1/3) ]
13[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 19 [ EF(2/3) ]
13[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 19 [ EF(3/3) ]
13[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
13[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
13[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (420 bytes)
05[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
05[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 19 [ EF(1/3) ]
05[ENC] received fragment #1 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
12[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
12[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 19 [ EF(2/3) ]
12[ENC] received fragment #2 of 3, waiting for complete IKE message
10[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (452 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 19 [ EF(3/3) ]
10[ENC] received fragment #3 of 3, reassembled fragmented IKE message (3200 bytes)
10[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 19 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]

10[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 20 [ KE N(ADD_KE) ]
10[ENC] splitting IKE message (4608 bytes) into 4 fragments
10[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 20 [ EF(1/4) ]
10[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 20 [ EF(2/4) ]
10[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 20 [ EF(3/4) ]
10[ENC] generating IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE request 20 [ EF(4/4) ]
10[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
10[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
10[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (1444 bytes)
10[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (484 bytes)
15[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
15[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ EF(1/7) ]
15[ENC] received fragment #1 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
15[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (868 bytes)
15[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ EF(7/7) ]
15[ENC] received fragment #7 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
07[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
07[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ EF(2/7) ]
07[ENC] received fragment #2 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
08[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
08[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ EF(4/7) ]
08[ENC] received fragment #4 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
11[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
11[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ EF(5/7) ]
11[ENC] received fragment #5 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
06[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
06[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ EF(6/7) ]
06[ENC] received fragment #6 of 7, waiting for complete IKE message
09[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (1444 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ EF(3/7) ]
09[ENC] received fragment #3 of 7, reassembled fragmented IKE message (9104 bytes)
09[ENC] parsed IKE_FOLLOWUP_KE response 20 [ KE ]

09[IKE] scheduling rekeying in 1654s
09[IKE] maximum IKE_SA lifetime 1834s
09[IKE] IKE_SA home[2] rekeyed between 192.168.0.3[carol@strongswan.org]...192.168.0.2[moon.strongswan.org]

The new IKE_SA has been rekeyed.

09[IKE] deleting IKE_SA home[1] between 192.168.0.3[carol@strongswan.org]...192.168.0.2[moon.strongswan.org]
09[IKE] sending DELETE for IKE_SA home[1]
09[ENC] generating INFORMATIONAL request 21 [ D ]
09[NET] sending packet: from 192.168.0.3[4500] to 192.168.0.2[4500] (80 bytes)
04[NET] received packet: from 192.168.0.2[4500] to 192.168.0.3[4500] (80 bytes)
04[ENC] parsed INFORMATIONAL response 21 [ ]
04[IKE] IKE_SA deleted

The old IKE_SA has been deleted.

SA Status after Rekeying

carol# swanctl --list-sas
home: #2, ESTABLISHED, IKEv2, 586f3b137ae4cb77_i* 11c45664348c8922_r
  local  'carol@strongswan.org' @ 192.168.0.3[4500] [10.3.0.1]
  remote 'moon.strongswan.org' @ 192.168.0.2[4500]
  AES_CBC-256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/PRF_HMAC_SHA2_256/CURVE_25519/KE1_KYBER_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3/KE3_HQC_L3
  established 90s ago, rekeying in 1564s
  net: #3, reqid 1, INSTALLED, TUNNEL, ESP:AES_CBC-256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/CURVE_25519/KE1_KYBER_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3/KE3_HQC_L3
    installed 705s ago, rekeying in 379s, expires in 615s
    in  cd159185,      0 bytes,     0 packets
    out c5c4a85f,      0 bytes,     0 packets
    local  10.3.0.1/32
    remote 10.1.0.0/24
  host: #4, reqid 2, INSTALLED, TUNNEL, ESP:AES_CBC-256/HMAC_SHA2_256_128/MODP_3072/KE1_FRODO_AES_L3/KE2_BIKE_L3
    installed 641s ago, rekeying in 446s, expires in 679s
    in  c4099340,      0 bytes,     0 packets
    out c234e9f5,      0 bytes,     0 packets
    local  10.3.0.1/32
    remote 192.168.0.2/32

Author: Andreas Steffen CC BY 4.0

Provide feedback

Saved searches

Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly

pq-strongswan

pq-strongswan

README.md

pq-strongswan

Table of Contents

Docker Setup

Pull Docker Image

Build Docker Image

Create Docker Containers and Local Networks

strongSwan Configuration

NIST Selected KEM Algorithms 2022

BSI Recommended KEM Algorithms

NIST Round 4 Submission KEM Algorithms

NIST Selected Signature Algorithms 2022

VPN Client Configuration

VPN Gateway Configuration

Start up the IKEv2 Daemons

On VPN Gateway "moon"

On VPN Client "carol"

Establish the IKE SA and first Child SA

Establish a second CHILD SA

Use the IPsec Tunnels

Rekeying of first CHILD SA

Rekeying of second CHILD SA

Rekeying of IKE SA

SA Status after Rekeying

Files

pq-strongswan

Directory actions

More options

Directory actions

More options

Latest commit

History

pq-strongswan

Folders and files

parent directory

README.md

pq-strongswan

Table of Contents

Docker Setup

Pull Docker Image

Build Docker Image

Create Docker Containers and Local Networks

strongSwan Configuration

NIST Selected KEM Algorithms 2022

BSI Recommended KEM Algorithms

NIST Round 4 Submission KEM Algorithms

NIST Selected Signature Algorithms 2022

VPN Client Configuration

VPN Gateway Configuration

Start up the IKEv2 Daemons

On VPN Gateway "moon"

On VPN Client "carol"

Establish the IKE SA and first Child SA

Establish a second CHILD SA

Use the IPsec Tunnels

Rekeying of first CHILD SA

Rekeying of second CHILD SA

Rekeying of IKE SA

SA Status after Rekeying