diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/aggregators/identical.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/aggregators/identical.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a50448bc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/aggregators/identical.go
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+package aggregators
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
+
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types"
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/values"
+
+	ocrcommon "github.com/smartcontractkit/libocr/commontypes"
+)
+
+type identicalAggregator struct {
+	config aggregatorConfig
+	lggr   logger.Logger
+}
+
+type aggregatorConfig struct {
+	// Length of the list of observations that each node is expected to provide.
+	// Aggregator's output (i.e. EncodableOutcome) will be a values.Map with the same
+	// number of elements and keyed by indices 0,1,2,... (unless KeyOverrides are provided).
+	// Defaults to 1.
+	ExpectedObservationsLen int
+	// If non-empty, the keys in the outcome map will be replaced with these values.
+	// If non-empty, must be of length ExpectedObservationsLen.
+	KeyOverrides []string
+}
+
+type counter struct {
+	fullObservation values.Value
+	count           int
+}
+
+var _ types.Aggregator = (*identicalAggregator)(nil)
+
+func (a *identicalAggregator) Aggregate(_ *types.AggregationOutcome, observations map[ocrcommon.OracleID][]values.Value, f int) (*types.AggregationOutcome, error) {
+	counters := []map[[32]byte]*counter{}
+	for i := 0; i < a.config.ExpectedObservationsLen; i++ {
+		counters = append(counters, map[[32]byte]*counter{})
+	}
+	for nodeID, nodeObservations := range observations {
+		if len(nodeObservations) == 0 || nodeObservations[0] == nil {
+			a.lggr.Warnf("node %d contributed with empty observations", nodeID)
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(nodeObservations) != a.config.ExpectedObservationsLen {
+			a.lggr.Warnf("node %d contributed with an incorrect number of observations %d - ignoring them", nodeID, len(nodeObservations))
+			continue
+		}
+		for idx, observation := range nodeObservations {
+			marshalled, err := proto.MarshalOptions{Deterministic: true}.Marshal(values.Proto(observation))
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			sha := sha256.Sum256(marshalled)
+			elem, ok := counters[idx][sha]
+			if !ok {
+				counters[idx][sha] = &counter{
+					fullObservation: observation,
+					count:           1,
+				}
+			} else {
+				elem.count++
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return a.collectHighestCounts(counters, f)
+}
+
+func (a *identicalAggregator) collectHighestCounts(counters []map[[32]byte]*counter, f int) (*types.AggregationOutcome, error) {
+	useOverrides := len(a.config.KeyOverrides) == len(counters)
+	outcome := make(map[string]any)
+	for idx, shaToCounter := range counters {
+		highestCount := 0
+		var highestObservation values.Value
+		for _, counter := range shaToCounter {
+			if counter.count > highestCount {
+				highestCount = counter.count
+				highestObservation = counter.fullObservation
+			}
+		}
+		if highestCount < 2*f+1 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't reach consensus on observations with index %d", idx)
+		}
+		if useOverrides {
+			outcome[a.config.KeyOverrides[idx]] = highestObservation
+		} else {
+			outcome[fmt.Sprintf("%d", idx)] = highestObservation
+		}
+	}
+	valMap, err := values.NewMap(outcome)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &types.AggregationOutcome{
+		EncodableOutcome: values.ProtoMap(valMap),
+		Metadata:         nil,
+		ShouldReport:     true,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func NewIdenticalAggregator(config values.Map, lggr logger.Logger) (*identicalAggregator, error) {
+	parsedConfig, err := ParseConfig(config)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse config (%+v): %w", config, err)
+	}
+	return &identicalAggregator{
+		config: parsedConfig,
+		lggr:   lggr,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func ParseConfig(config values.Map) (aggregatorConfig, error) {
+	parsedConfig := aggregatorConfig{}
+	if err := config.UnwrapTo(&parsedConfig); err != nil {
+		return aggregatorConfig{}, err
+	}
+	if parsedConfig.ExpectedObservationsLen == 0 {
+		parsedConfig.ExpectedObservationsLen = 1
+	}
+	return parsedConfig, nil
+}
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/aggregators/identical_test.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/aggregators/identical_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aaa146b44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/aggregators/identical_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+package aggregators_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/libocr/commontypes"
+
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/aggregators"
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/values"
+)
+
+func TestDataFeedsAggregator_Aggregate(t *testing.T) {
+	config := getConfig(t, nil)
+	agg, err := aggregators.NewIdenticalAggregator(*config, logger.Nop())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	observations := map[commontypes.OracleID][]values.Value{
+		0: {values.NewString("a")},
+		1: {values.NewString("a")},
+		2: {values.NewString("a")},
+		3: {values.NewString("a")},
+	}
+	outcome, err := agg.Aggregate(nil, observations, 1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.True(t, outcome.ShouldReport)
+	require.Equal(t, "", outcome.EncoderName)
+	require.Nil(t, outcome.EncoderConfig)
+
+	m, err := values.FromMapValueProto(outcome.EncodableOutcome)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.Len(t, m.Underlying, 1)
+	require.Equal(t, m.Underlying["0"], values.NewString("a"))
+}
+
+func TestDataFeedsAggregator_Aggregate_OverrideWithKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	config := getConfig(t, []string{"outcome"})
+	agg, err := aggregators.NewIdenticalAggregator(*config, logger.Nop())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	observations := map[commontypes.OracleID][]values.Value{
+		0: {values.NewString("a")},
+		1: {values.NewString("a")},
+		2: {values.NewString("a")},
+		3: {values.NewString("a")},
+	}
+	outcome, err := agg.Aggregate(nil, observations, 1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.True(t, outcome.ShouldReport)
+	require.Equal(t, "", outcome.EncoderName)
+	require.Nil(t, outcome.EncoderConfig)
+
+	m, err := values.FromMapValueProto(outcome.EncodableOutcome)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.Len(t, m.Underlying, 1)
+	require.Equal(t, m.Underlying["outcome"], values.NewString("a"))
+}
+
+func TestDataFeedsAggregator_Aggregate_NoConsensus(t *testing.T) {
+	config := getConfig(t, []string{"outcome"})
+	agg, err := aggregators.NewIdenticalAggregator(*config, logger.Nop())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	encoderStr := "evm"
+	encoderName := values.NewString(encoderStr)
+	encoderCfg, err := values.NewMap(map[string]any{"foo": "bar"})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	observations := map[commontypes.OracleID][]values.Value{
+		0: {values.NewString("a"), encoderName, encoderCfg},
+		1: {values.NewString("b"), encoderName, encoderCfg},
+		2: {values.NewString("b"), encoderName, encoderCfg},
+		3: {values.NewString("a"), encoderName, encoderCfg},
+	}
+	outcome, err := agg.Aggregate(nil, observations, 1)
+	require.Nil(t, outcome)
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "can't reach consensus on observations with index 0")
+}
+
+func getConfig(t *testing.T, overrideKeys []string) *values.Map {
+	unwrappedConfig := map[string]any{
+		"expectedObservationsLen": len(overrideKeys),
+		"keyOverrides":            overrideKeys,
+	}
+
+	config, err := values.NewMap(unwrappedConfig)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return config
+}
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/capability.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/capability.go
index 3255fb19c..6c4c8f1a8 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/capability.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/capability.go
@@ -282,6 +282,8 @@ func (o *capability) queueRequestForProcessing(
 		WorkflowDonID:            metadata.WorkflowDonID,
 		WorkflowDonConfigVersion: metadata.WorkflowDonConfigVersion,
 		Observations:             i.Observations,
+		OverriddenEncoderName:    i.EncoderName,
+		OverriddenEncoderConfig:  i.EncoderConfig,
 		KeyID:                    c.KeyID,
 		ExpiresAt:                o.clock.Now().Add(requestTimeout),
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/models.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/models.go
index e03a68a72..86662dc31 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/models.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/models.go
@@ -16,5 +16,7 @@ type config struct {
 }
 
 type inputs struct {
-	Observations *values.List `json:"observations"`
+	Observations  *values.List `json:"observations" jsonschema:""`
+	EncoderName   string       `mapstructure:"encoder" json:"encoder,omitempty"`
+	EncoderConfig *values.Map  `mapstructure:"encoder_config" json:"encoder_config,omitempty"`
 }
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus.go
index dfa7ffe48..12913126c 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus.go
@@ -32,17 +32,17 @@ func (c IdenticalConsensusConfig[T]) New(w *sdk.WorkflowSpecFactory, ref string,
 }
 
 type IdenticalConsensusInput[T any] struct {
-	Observations sdk.CapDefinition[T]
-}
-
-type IdenticalConsensusMergedInput[T any] struct {
-	Observations []T
+	Observation   sdk.CapDefinition[T]
+	Encoder       Encoder
+	EncoderConfig EncoderConfig
 }
 
 func (input IdenticalConsensusInput[T]) ToSteps() sdk.StepInputs {
 	return sdk.StepInputs{
 		Mapping: map[string]any{
-			"observations": input.Observations.Ref(),
+			"observations":  sdk.ListOf(input.Observation).Ref(),
+			"encoder":       input.Encoder,
+			"encoderConfig": input.EncoderConfig,
 		},
 	}
 }
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus_test.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus_test.go
index 89dc0df73..2affbeab7 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus_test.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/identical_consensus_test.go
@@ -26,7 +26,11 @@ func TestIdenticalConsensus(t *testing.T) {
 		Encoder:       ocr3.EncoderEVM,
 		EncoderConfig: ocr3.EncoderConfig{},
 		ReportID:      "0001",
-	}.New(workflow, "consensus", ocr3.IdenticalConsensusInput[basictrigger.TriggerOutputs]{Observations: trigger})
+	}.New(workflow, "consensus", ocr3.IdenticalConsensusInput[basictrigger.TriggerOutputs]{
+		Observation:   trigger,
+		Encoder:       "evm",
+		EncoderConfig: ocr3.EncoderConfig(map[string]any{"foo": "bar"}),
+	})
 
 	chainwriter.TargetConfig{
 		Address:    "0x1235",
@@ -55,9 +59,13 @@ func TestIdenticalConsensus(t *testing.T) {
 		Actions: []sdk.StepDefinition{},
 		Consensus: []sdk.StepDefinition{
 			{
-				ID:     "offchain_reporting@1.0.0",
-				Ref:    "consensus",
-				Inputs: sdk.StepInputs{Mapping: map[string]any{"observations": "$(trigger.outputs)"}},
+				ID:  "offchain_reporting@1.0.0",
+				Ref: "consensus",
+				Inputs: sdk.StepInputs{Mapping: map[string]any{
+					"observations":  []any{"$(trigger.outputs)"},
+					"encoder":       "evm",
+					"encoderConfig": map[string]any{"foo": "bar"},
+				}},
 				Config: map[string]any{
 					"encoder":            "EVM",
 					"encoder_config":     map[string]any{},
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/identical_consensus.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/identical_consensus.go
index 2c89e1bad..b5a3420c6 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/identical_consensus.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/identical_consensus.go
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 package ocr3captest
 
 import (
-	"errors"
-
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/capabilities"
 	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap"
 	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/values"
 	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/values/pb"
@@ -32,12 +31,6 @@ func IdenticalConsensusForStep[T any](runner *testutils.Runner, step string) *Id
 }
 
 func identicalConsensus[T any](inputs ConsensusInput[T]) (ocr3cap.SignedReport, error) {
-	if len(inputs.Observations) == 0 {
-		return ocr3cap.SignedReport{}, errors.New("no observations were made")
-	} else if len(inputs.Observations) > 1 {
-		return ocr3cap.SignedReport{}, errors.New("more than one observation was made, but this mock isn't set up to support that")
-	}
-
 	wrapped, err := values.Wrap(inputs.Observations[0])
 	if err != nil {
 		return ocr3cap.SignedReport{}, err
@@ -63,16 +56,7 @@ type IdenticalConsensusMock[T any] struct {
 	*testutils.Mock[ConsensusInput[T], ocr3cap.SignedReport]
 }
 
-var _ testutils.ConsensusMock = &IdenticalConsensusMock[struct{}]{}
-
-func (c *IdenticalConsensusMock[T]) SingleToManyObservations(input values.Value) (*values.Map, error) {
-	tmp := singleConsensusInput[T]{}
-	if err := input.UnwrapTo(&tmp); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return values.CreateMapFromStruct(ConsensusInput[T]{Observations: []T{tmp.Observations}})
-}
+var _ capabilities.ConsensusCapability = &IdenticalConsensusMock[struct{}]{}
 
 func (c *IdenticalConsensusMock[T]) GetStepDecoded(ref string) testutils.StepResults[ConsensusInput[T], T] {
 	step := c.GetStep(ref)
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/observations.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/observations.go
index a106b5a44..a136d9cd9 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/observations.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/ocr3cap/ocr3captest/observations.go
@@ -3,7 +3,3 @@ package ocr3captest
 type ConsensusInput[T any] struct {
 	Observations []T
 }
-
-type singleConsensusInput[T any] struct {
-	Observations T
-}
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin.go
index 60b900fad..6010575de 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
 	"slices"
 	"time"
 
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	pbtypes "github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types"
 	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/logger"
 	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/values"
+	"github.com/smartcontractkit/chainlink-common/pkg/values/pb"
 )
 
 var _ ocr3types.ReportingPlugin[[]byte] = (*reportingPlugin)(nil)
@@ -126,6 +128,13 @@ func (r *reportingPlugin) Observation(ctx context.Context, outctx ocr3types.Outc
 			lggr.Errorw("observations are not a list")
 			continue
 		}
+
+		var cfgProto *pb.Map
+		if rq.OverriddenEncoderConfig != nil {
+			cp := values.Proto(rq.OverriddenEncoderConfig).GetMapValue()
+			cfgProto = cp
+		}
+
 		newOb := &pbtypes.Observation{
 			Observations: listProto,
 			Id: &pbtypes.Id{
@@ -138,6 +147,8 @@ func (r *reportingPlugin) Observation(ctx context.Context, outctx ocr3types.Outc
 				ReportId:                 rq.ReportID,
 				KeyId:                    rq.KeyID,
 			},
+			OverriddenEncoderName:   rq.OverriddenEncoderName,
+			OverriddenEncoderConfig: cfgProto,
 		}
 
 		obs.Observations = append(obs.Observations, newOb)
@@ -158,12 +169,39 @@ func (r *reportingPlugin) ObservationQuorum(ctx context.Context, outctx ocr3type
 	return quorumhelper.ObservationCountReachesObservationQuorum(quorumhelper.QuorumTwoFPlusOne, r.config.N, r.config.F, aos), nil
 }
 
+func shaForOverriddenEncoder(obs *pbtypes.Observation) (string, error) {
+	hash := sha256.New()
+	_, err := hash.Write([]byte(obs.OverriddenEncoderName))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("could not write encoder name to hash: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	marshalled, err := proto.MarshalOptions{Deterministic: true}.Marshal(obs.OverriddenEncoderConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("could not marshal overridden encoder: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = hash.Write(marshalled)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("could not write encoder config to hash: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return string(hash.Sum([]byte{})), nil
+}
+
+type encoderConfig struct {
+	name   string
+	config *pb.Map
+}
+
 func (r *reportingPlugin) Outcome(ctx context.Context, outctx ocr3types.OutcomeContext, query types.Query, attributedObservations []types.AttributedObservation) (ocr3types.Outcome, error) {
 	// execution ID -> oracle ID -> list of observations
 	execIDToOracleObservations := map[string]map[ocrcommon.OracleID][]values.Value{}
 	seenWorkflowIDs := map[string]int{}
 	var sortedTimestamps []*timestamppb.Timestamp
 	var finalTimestamp *timestamppb.Timestamp
+	execIDToEncoderShaToCount := map[string]map[string]int{}
+	shaToEncoder := map[string]encoderConfig{}
 	for _, attributedObservation := range attributedObservations {
 		obs := &pbtypes.Observations{}
 		err := proto.Unmarshal(attributedObservation.Observation, obs)
@@ -210,6 +248,21 @@ func (r *reportingPlugin) Outcome(ctx context.Context, outctx ocr3types.OutcomeC
 				execIDToOracleObservations[weid] = make(map[ocrcommon.OracleID][]values.Value)
 			}
 			execIDToOracleObservations[weid][attributedObservation.Observer] = obsList.Underlying
+
+			sha, err := shaForOverriddenEncoder(request)
+			if err != nil {
+				r.lggr.Errorw("could not calculate sha for overridden encoder", "error", err, "observation", obs)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			shaToEncoder[sha] = encoderConfig{
+				name:   request.OverriddenEncoderName,
+				config: request.OverriddenEncoderConfig,
+			}
+			if _, ok := execIDToEncoderShaToCount[weid]; !ok {
+				execIDToEncoderShaToCount[weid] = map[string]int{}
+			}
+			execIDToEncoderShaToCount[weid][sha]++
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -298,6 +351,35 @@ func (r *reportingPlugin) Outcome(ctx context.Context, outctx ocr3types.OutcomeC
 
 		outcome.Timestamp = finalTimestamp
 
+		shaToCount, ok := execIDToEncoderShaToCount[weid.WorkflowExecutionId]
+		if !ok {
+			lggr.Debugw("could not find any encoder shas matching weid requested in the query")
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Note: no need to check the observation count here,
+		// we've checked this above when we checked the observations count.
+		var encCfg *encoderConfig
+		for sha, count := range shaToCount {
+			if count >= 2*r.config.F+1 {
+				encoderCfg, ok := shaToEncoder[sha]
+				if !ok {
+					lggr.Debugw("could not find encoder matching sha")
+					continue
+				}
+
+				lggr.Debugw("consensus reached on overridden encoder", "encoderName", encoderCfg.name)
+				encCfg = &encoderCfg
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if encCfg != nil {
+			lggr.Debugw("overridden encoder set", "name", encCfg.name, "cfg", encCfg.config)
+			outcome.EncoderName = encCfg.name
+			outcome.EncoderConfig = encCfg.config
+		}
+
 		report := &pbtypes.Report{
 			Outcome: outcome,
 			Id:      weid,
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin_test.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin_test.go
index 04be58609..9b54d61db 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin_test.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/reporting_plugin_test.go
@@ -784,11 +784,11 @@ func TestReportPlugin_Outcome_ShouldReturnMedianTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			Observation: rawObs2,
-			Observer:    commontypes.OracleID(1),
+			Observer:    commontypes.OracleID(2),
 		},
 		{
 			Observation: rawObs3,
-			Observer:    commontypes.OracleID(1),
+			Observer:    commontypes.OracleID(3),
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -800,3 +800,160 @@ func TestReportPlugin_Outcome_ShouldReturnMedianTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert.Equal(t, timestamppb.New(time2), opb1.Outcomes[workflowTestID].Timestamp)
 }
+
+func TestReportPlugin_Outcome_ShouldReturnOverriddenEncoder(t *testing.T) {
+	lggr := logger.Test(t)
+	s := requests.NewStore()
+	mcap := &mockCapability{
+		aggregator: &aggregator{},
+		encoder:    &enc{},
+		registeredWorkflows: map[string]bool{
+			workflowTestID:  true,
+			workflowTestID2: true,
+		},
+	}
+	rp, err := newReportingPlugin(s, mcap, defaultBatchSize, ocr3types.ReportingPluginConfig{F: 1}, defaultOutcomePruningThreshold, lggr)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	wowner := uuid.New().String()
+	id := &pbtypes.Id{
+		WorkflowExecutionId: uuid.New().String(),
+		WorkflowId:          workflowTestID,
+		WorkflowOwner:       wowner,
+		WorkflowName:        workflowTestName,
+		ReportId:            reportTestID,
+	}
+	id2 := &pbtypes.Id{
+		WorkflowExecutionId: uuid.New().String(),
+		WorkflowId:          workflowTestID2,
+		WorkflowOwner:       wowner,
+		WorkflowName:        workflowTestName,
+		ReportId:            reportTestID,
+	}
+	id3 := &pbtypes.Id{
+		WorkflowExecutionId: uuid.New().String(),
+		WorkflowId:          workflowTestID3,
+		WorkflowOwner:       wowner,
+		WorkflowName:        workflowTestName,
+		ReportId:            reportTestID,
+	}
+	q := &pbtypes.Query{
+		Ids: []*pbtypes.Id{id, id2, id3},
+	}
+	qb, err := proto.Marshal(q)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	o, err := values.NewList([]any{"hello"})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	time1 := time.Now().Add(time.Second * 1)
+	time2 := time.Now().Add(time.Second * 2)
+	time3 := time.Now().Add(time.Second * 3)
+	m, err := values.NewMap(map[string]any{"foo": "bar"})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	mc := values.ProtoMap(m)
+	obs := &pbtypes.Observations{
+		Observations: []*pbtypes.Observation{
+			{
+				Id:                      id,
+				Observations:            values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+				OverriddenEncoderName:   "evm",
+				OverriddenEncoderConfig: mc,
+			},
+			{
+				Id:                      id2,
+				Observations:            values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+				OverriddenEncoderName:   "evm",
+				OverriddenEncoderConfig: mc,
+			},
+			{
+				Id:           id3,
+				Observations: values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+			},
+		},
+		RegisteredWorkflowIds: []string{workflowTestID, workflowTestID2},
+		Timestamp:             timestamppb.New(time1),
+	}
+	obs2 := &pbtypes.Observations{
+		Observations: []*pbtypes.Observation{
+			{
+				Id:                      id,
+				Observations:            values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+				OverriddenEncoderName:   "evm",
+				OverriddenEncoderConfig: mc,
+			},
+			{
+				Id:                      id2,
+				Observations:            values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+				OverriddenEncoderName:   "evm",
+				OverriddenEncoderConfig: mc,
+			},
+			{
+				Id:           id3,
+				Observations: values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+			},
+		},
+		RegisteredWorkflowIds: []string{workflowTestID},
+		Timestamp:             timestamppb.New(time2),
+	}
+	obs3 := &pbtypes.Observations{
+		Observations: []*pbtypes.Observation{
+			{
+				Id:                      id,
+				Observations:            values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+				OverriddenEncoderName:   "evm",
+				OverriddenEncoderConfig: mc,
+			},
+			{
+				Id:                      id2,
+				Observations:            values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+				OverriddenEncoderName:   "solana",
+				OverriddenEncoderConfig: mc,
+			},
+			{
+				Id:           id3,
+				Observations: values.Proto(o).GetListValue(),
+			},
+		},
+		RegisteredWorkflowIds: []string{workflowTestID},
+		Timestamp:             timestamppb.New(time3),
+	}
+
+	rawObs, err := proto.Marshal(obs)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	rawObs2, err := proto.Marshal(obs2)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	rawObs3, err := proto.Marshal(obs3)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	aos := []types.AttributedObservation{
+		{
+			Observation: rawObs,
+			Observer:    commontypes.OracleID(1),
+		},
+		{
+			Observation: rawObs2,
+			Observer:    commontypes.OracleID(2),
+		},
+		{
+			Observation: rawObs3,
+			Observer:    commontypes.OracleID(3),
+		},
+	}
+
+	outcome, err := rp.Outcome(tests.Context(t), ocr3types.OutcomeContext{SeqNr: 100}, qb, aos)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	opb1 := &pbtypes.Outcome{}
+	err = proto.Unmarshal(outcome, opb1)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, opb1.Outcomes[workflowTestID].EncoderName, "evm")
+	ec, err := values.FromMapValueProto(opb1.Outcomes[workflowTestID].EncoderConfig)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, ec, m)
+
+	// No consensus on outcome 2
+	assert.Equal(t, opb1.Outcomes[workflowTestID2].EncoderName, "")
+	assert.Nil(t, opb1.Outcomes[workflowTestID2].EncoderConfig)
+
+	// Outcome 3 doesn't set the encoder
+	assert.Equal(t, opb1.Outcomes[workflowTestID3].EncoderName, "")
+	assert.Nil(t, opb1.Outcomes[workflowTestID3].EncoderConfig)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/requests/request.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/requests/request.go
index dc99d25e7..4d427a038 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/requests/request.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/requests/request.go
@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ import (
 )
 
 type Request struct {
-	Observations *values.List `mapstructure:"-"`
-	ExpiresAt    time.Time
+	Observations            *values.List `mapstructure:"-"`
+	OverriddenEncoderName   string
+	OverriddenEncoderConfig *values.Map
+	ExpiresAt               time.Time
 
 	// CallbackCh is a channel to send a response back to the requester
 	// after the request has been processed or timed out.
@@ -29,9 +31,11 @@ type Request struct {
 
 func (r *Request) Copy() *Request {
 	return &Request{
-		Observations: r.Observations.CopyList(),
+		Observations:            r.Observations.CopyList(),
+		OverriddenEncoderConfig: r.OverriddenEncoderConfig.CopyMap(),
 
 		// No need to copy these, they're value types.
+		OverriddenEncoderName:    r.OverriddenEncoderName,
 		ExpiresAt:                r.ExpiresAt,
 		WorkflowExecutionID:      r.WorkflowExecutionID,
 		WorkflowID:               r.WorkflowID,
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/testdata/fixtures/capability/schema.json b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/testdata/fixtures/capability/schema.json
index 843dcc58c..ebdabb38d 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/testdata/fixtures/capability/schema.json
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/testdata/fixtures/capability/schema.json
@@ -74,6 +74,21 @@
           "required": [
             "Underlying"
           ]
+        },
+        "encoder": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "encoder_config": {
+          "properties": {
+            "Underlying": {
+              "type": "object"
+            }
+          },
+          "additionalProperties": false,
+          "type": "object",
+          "required": [
+            "Underlying"
+          ]
         }
       },
       "additionalProperties": false,
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.pb.go b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.pb.go
index 27ffb7ed4..05ad85bf7 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.pb.go
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.pb.go
@@ -276,7 +276,9 @@ type Observation struct {
 
 	Id *Id `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=id,proto3" json:"id,omitempty"`
 	// list of observations defined in inputs.observations
-	Observations *pb.List `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=observations,proto3" json:"observations,omitempty"`
+	Observations            *pb.List `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=observations,proto3" json:"observations,omitempty"`
+	OverriddenEncoderName   string   `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=overriddenEncoderName,proto3" json:"overriddenEncoderName,omitempty"`
+	OverriddenEncoderConfig *pb.Map  `protobuf:"bytes,6,opt,name=overriddenEncoderConfig,proto3" json:"overriddenEncoderConfig,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (x *Observation) Reset() {
@@ -325,6 +327,20 @@ func (x *Observation) GetObservations() *pb.List {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (x *Observation) GetOverriddenEncoderName() string {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.OverriddenEncoderName
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (x *Observation) GetOverriddenEncoderConfig() *pb.Map {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.OverriddenEncoderConfig
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 type Observations struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -609,53 +625,61 @@ var file_capabilities_consensus_ocr3_types_ocr3_types_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x66, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x77, 0x44, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x56, 0x65, 0x72,
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+	0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }
 
 var (
@@ -692,19 +716,20 @@ var file_capabilities_consensus_ocr3_types_ocr3_types_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
 	2,  // 3: ocr3_types.Query.ids:type_name -> ocr3_types.Id
 	2,  // 4: ocr3_types.Observation.id:type_name -> ocr3_types.Id
 	11, // 5: ocr3_types.Observation.observations:type_name -> values.List
-	3,  // 6: ocr3_types.Observations.observations:type_name -> ocr3_types.Observation
-	10, // 7: ocr3_types.Observations.timestamp:type_name -> google.protobuf.Timestamp
-	2,  // 8: ocr3_types.Report.id:type_name -> ocr3_types.Id
-	0,  // 9: ocr3_types.Report.outcome:type_name -> ocr3_types.AggregationOutcome
-	2,  // 10: ocr3_types.ReportInfo.id:type_name -> ocr3_types.Id
-	8,  // 11: ocr3_types.Outcome.outcomes:type_name -> ocr3_types.Outcome.OutcomesEntry
-	5,  // 12: ocr3_types.Outcome.current_reports:type_name -> ocr3_types.Report
-	0,  // 13: ocr3_types.Outcome.OutcomesEntry.value:type_name -> ocr3_types.AggregationOutcome
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:14] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	9,  // 6: ocr3_types.Observation.overriddenEncoderConfig:type_name -> values.Map
+	3,  // 7: ocr3_types.Observations.observations:type_name -> ocr3_types.Observation
+	10, // 8: ocr3_types.Observations.timestamp:type_name -> google.protobuf.Timestamp
+	2,  // 9: ocr3_types.Report.id:type_name -> ocr3_types.Id
+	0,  // 10: ocr3_types.Report.outcome:type_name -> ocr3_types.AggregationOutcome
+	2,  // 11: ocr3_types.ReportInfo.id:type_name -> ocr3_types.Id
+	8,  // 12: ocr3_types.Outcome.outcomes:type_name -> ocr3_types.Outcome.OutcomesEntry
+	5,  // 13: ocr3_types.Outcome.current_reports:type_name -> ocr3_types.Report
+	0,  // 14: ocr3_types.Outcome.OutcomesEntry.value:type_name -> ocr3_types.AggregationOutcome
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:15] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }
 
 func init() { file_capabilities_consensus_ocr3_types_ocr3_types_proto_init() }
diff --git a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.proto b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.proto
index 265b86552..4ce555895 100644
--- a/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.proto
+++ b/pkg/capabilities/consensus/ocr3/types/ocr3_types.proto
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ message Observation {
   Id id = 1;
   // list of observations defined in inputs.observations
   values.List observations = 4;
+  string overriddenEncoderName = 5;
+  values.Map overriddenEncoderConfig = 6;
 }
 
 message Observations {
diff --git a/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner.go b/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner.go
index 125b666bb..aa3c7c35a 100644
--- a/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner.go
+++ b/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner.go
@@ -25,11 +25,6 @@ func NewRunner(ctx context.Context) *Runner {
 	}
 }
 
-type ConsensusMock interface {
-	capabilities.ConsensusCapability
-	SingleToManyObservations(value values.Value) (*values.Map, error)
-}
-
 type Runner struct {
 	RawConfig []byte
 	// Context is held in this runner because it's for testing and capability calls are made by it.
@@ -173,12 +168,6 @@ func (r *Runner) walk(spec sdk.WorkflowSpec, ref string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if c, ok := mock.(ConsensusMock); ok {
-		if request.Inputs, err = c.SingleToManyObservations(request.Inputs); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
 	results, err := mock.Execute(r.ctx, request)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
diff --git a/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner_test.go b/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner_test.go
index 61f7a99a9..555e1f5c7 100644
--- a/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner_test.go
+++ b/pkg/workflows/sdk/testutils/runner_test.go
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func TestRunner(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.True(t, helper.transformTriggerCalled)
 		consensus := consensusMock.GetStepDecoded("consensus")
 		assert.Equal(t, "it was true", consensus.Output.AdaptedThing)
-		require.Len(t, consensus.Input.Observations, 1)
+		require.NotNil(t, consensus.Input.Observations[0])
 
 		rawConsensus := consensusMock.GetStep("consensus")
 		target := targetMock.GetAllWrites()
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func TestRunner(t *testing.T) {
 		consensus := ocr3.IdenticalConsensusConfig[basicaction.ActionOutputs]{
 			Encoder:       "Test",
 			EncoderConfig: ocr3.EncoderConfig{},
-		}.New(workflow, "consensus", ocr3.IdenticalConsensusInput[basicaction.ActionOutputs]{Observations: action})
+		}.New(workflow, "consensus", ocr3.IdenticalConsensusInput[basicaction.ActionOutputs]{Observation: action})
 
 		chainwriter.TargetConfig{
 			Address:    "0x123",
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ func createBasicTestWorkflow(actionTransform actionTransform) *sdk.WorkflowSpecF
 
 	consensus := ocr3.IdenticalConsensusConfig[basicaction.ActionOutputs]{
 		Encoder: "Test", EncoderConfig: ocr3.EncoderConfig{},
-	}.New(workflow, "consensus", ocr3.IdenticalConsensusInput[basicaction.ActionOutputs]{Observations: action})
+	}.New(workflow, "consensus", ocr3.IdenticalConsensusInput[basicaction.ActionOutputs]{Observation: action})
 
 	chainwriter.TargetConfig{
 		Address:    "0x123",