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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>LGS – LOGIC GATES & ADDERS!</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
<link href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans:400,400italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<link href="styles/layout.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="styles/gate-theme.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="styles/basic-gates.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<meta name="theme-color" content="#909CD5">
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#909CD5">
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/icons/mstile-144x144.png">
<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
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})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-3656687-6', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script>
</head>
<body>
<nav>
<a href="#simple-and"id="simple-and" tabindex="1">AND GATE</a>
<section>
<div class="ShrinkWrap">
<p>
The <b>AND GATE</b> implements the logical AND operation. It has two input terminals and one output terminal. The output of the AND gate is high only if both input signals are high; otherwise, the output is low. In other words, the AND gate acts like a switch that requires two inputs to be high in order for the output to be high. The truth table for the AND gate is straightforward:
</p>
<div class="Canvas" style="width: 9rem; height: 17rem;">
<input type="checkbox" id="simple-and-a" style="top: 0; left: 0;" />
<label for="simple-and-a" style="top: 0; left: 0;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 1.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 1.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 5rem; left: 3.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
</div>
<input type="checkbox" id="simple-and-b" style="top: 0; left: 6rem;" />
<label for="simple-and-b" style="top: 0; left: 6rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 7.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Right Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 5.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 5rem; left: 5.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="simple-and-gate" class="Gate AND" style="left: 2.5rem; top: 7rem;">
<span></span>
<span></span>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 12rem; left: 4.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Result" style="left: 3rem; top: 14rem;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<li>
</li>
<style>
table , th , td {
border : 1px solid black;
}
</style>
<h2> Truth Table </h2>
<table align = "right">
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>OUTPUT</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<a href="#simple-or" id="simple-or" tabindex="2">OR GATE</a>
<section>
<div class= "ShrinkWrap">
<p>
The <b>OR GATE</b> implements the logical OR operation. Like the AND gate, it has two input terminals and one output terminal. The output of the OR gate is high if either one or both of its input signals are high, and low only if both inputs are low. The symbol for the OR gate is similar to that of the AND gate, with a curved line at the input side. The truth table for the OR gate is straightforward:
</p>
<div class="Canvas" style="width: 9rem; height: 17rem;">
<input type="checkbox" id="simple-or-a" style="top: 0.5rem; left: 0;" />
<label for="simple-or-a" style="top: 0.5rem; left: 0;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3.5rem; left: 1.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 5.5rem; left: 1.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 5.5rem; left: 3.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Left" style="top: 7.5rem; left: 3.5rem;"></div>
</div>
<input type="checkbox" id="simple-or-b" style="top: 0.5rem; left: 6rem;" />
<label for="simple-or-b" style="top: 0.5rem; left: 6rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3.5rem; left: 7.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Right Up" style="top: 5.5rem; left: 5.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 5.5rem; left: 5.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Right" style="top: 7.5rem; left: 5.5rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="simple-or-gate" class="Gate OR" style="left: 2.5rem; top: 7.5rem;">
<span></span>
<span></span>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 11.5rem; left: 4.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Result" style="left: 3rem; top: 13.5rem;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<li>
</li>
<style>
table , th , td {
border : 1px solid black;
}
</style>
<h2> Truth Table </h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>OUTPUT</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<a href="#simple-xor" id="simple-xor" tabindex="3">XOR GATE</a>
<section>
<div class= "ShrinkWrap">
<p>
The <b>XOR GATE</b>, also known as the exclusive OR gate, is a logic gate that has two input terminals and one output terminal. The output of the XOR gate is high if the two input signals are different (one is high and the other is low), and low if the two input signals are the same (both high or both low). The symbol for the XOR gate is similar to that of the OR gate, but with a double curved line. The truth table for the XOR gate is as follows:
=======
A <b>XOR Gate</b> (also known as <b>EXOR</b> and pronounced as <b>Exclusive OR</b>) is a logic gate that outputs true (1 or HIGH) when the number of true inputs is odd.
That means that if both inputs are false (0/LOW) or both are true, a false output results, thus representing the inequality function.
A way to remember XOR is: <b>"must have one or the other but not both"</b>.
</p>
<div class="Canvas" style="width: 9rem; height: 17rem;">
<input type="checkbox" id="simple-xor-a" style="top: 0; left: 0;" />
<label for="simple-xor-a" style="top: 0; left: 0;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 1.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 1.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 5rem; left: 3.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Left" style="top: 7rem; left: 3.5rem;"></div>
</div>
<input type="checkbox" id="simple-xor-b" style="top: 0; left: 6rem;" />
<label for="simple-xor-b" style="top: 0; left: 6rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 7.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Right Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 5.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 5rem; left: 5.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Right" style="top: 7rem; left: 5.5rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="simple-xor-gate" class="Gate XOR" style="left: 2.5rem; top: 7rem;">
<span></span>
<span></span>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 12rem; left: 4.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Result" style="left: 3rem; top: 14rem;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<li>
</li>
<style>
table , th , td {
border : 1px solid black;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th , td {
padding : 5px;
text-align : center;
}
</style>
<h2> Truth Table </h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>OUTPUT</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<a href="#half-adder" id="half-adder" tabindex="4">Half Adder</a>
<section>
<div class="ShrinkWrap">
<p>
A <b>Half adder</b> is defined as a basic four terminal digital device which adds two binary inputs. It ouputs the sum binary bit and a carry binary bit.
A half adder can be constructed using basic logic gates, specifically an XOR gate and an AND gate. The XOR gate is used to produce the sum bit, while the AND gate is used to produce the carry bit. The input bits A and B are connected to the XOR gate, which produces the sum bit S.
<p>The same input bits A and B are also connected to the AND gate, which produces the carry bit C. The truth table for the half adder can be derived from the truth tables of the XOR and AND gates. Therefore, the half adder is a practical application of these basic logic gates, and it illustrates how complex digital circuits can be constructed using simple building blocks.</p>
</p>
<div class="Canvas" style="width: 12.5rem; height: 21rem;">
<input type="checkbox" id="half-adder-a" style="top: 0; left: 3.5rem;" />
<label for="half-adder-a" style="top: 0; left: 3.5rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 5rem; left: 7rem; height: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Left" style="top: 11rem; left: 7rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Junction Right" style="top: 7rem; left: 1rem; width: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 7rem; left: 1rem; height: 4rem;"></div>
</div>
<input type="checkbox" id="half-adder-b" style="top: 0; left: 9.5rem;" />
<label for="half-adder-b" style="top: 0; left: 9.5rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 11rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Right Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 9rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 5rem; left: 9rem; height: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Right" style="top: 11rem; left: 9rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Junction Right" style="top: 9rem; left: 3rem; width: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 9rem; left: 3rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="half-adder-xor-gate" class="Gate XOR" style="left: 6rem; top: 11rem;">
<span></span>
<span></span>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 16rem; left: 8rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Result" style="left: 6.5rem; top: 18rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="half-adder-and-gate" class="Gate AND" style="left: 0; top: 11rem;"></div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 16rem; left: 2rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Result" style="left: 0.5rem; top: 18rem;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<li>
</li>
<style>
table , th , td {
border : 1px solid black;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th , td {
padding : 5px;
text-align : center;
}
</style>
<h2> Truth Table </h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>SUM</th>
<th>CARRY</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<a href="#full-adder" id="full-adder" tabindex="5">Full Adder</a>
<section>
<div class="ShrinkWrap">
<p>
A <b>FULL ADDER</b> can be constructed using basic logic gates, specifically <b>two XOR</b> gates, <b>two AND</b> gates, and <b>one OR</b> gate. The first XOR gate takes the two input bits, A and B, and produces a temporary sum bit (not the final sum bit yet).
<p>The second XOR gate takes the temporary sum bit and the carry input bit, <b>C(in)</b>, and produces the final sum bit, S.</p>
<p>The first AND gate takes the input bits A and B, and produces a carry bit when both input bits are high.</p>
<p>The second AND gate takes the temporary sum bit and the carry input bit, C(in), and produces another carry bit.</p>
<p>The OR gate takes the two carry bits from the AND gates and produces the final carry bit, C(out). By combining these gates as described, a full adder circuit can be built to add two binary digits and a carry bit.
</p>
<div class="Canvas" style="width: 21rem; height: 42rem;">
<input type="checkbox" id="full-adder-carry" style="top: 0; left: 6rem;" />
<label for="full-adder-carry" style="top: 0; left: 6rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 7.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 7.5rem; width: 4rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 5rem; left: 11.5rem; height: 13rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 18rem; left: 11.5rem; width: 1.5rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 18rem; left: 13rem; height: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Left" style="top: 24rem; left: 13rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Junction Right" style="top: 20rem; left: 7rem; width: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 20rem; left: 7rem; height: 4rem;"></div>
</div>
<input type="checkbox" id="full-adder-a" style="top: 0; left: 12rem;" />
<label for="full-adder-a" style="top: 0; left: 12rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 13.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 13.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 5rem; left: 15.5rem; height: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Left" style="top: 11rem; left: 15.5rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Junction Right" style="top: 7rem; left: 1rem; width: 14.5rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 7rem; left: 1rem; height: 17rem;"></div>
</div>
<input type="checkbox" id="full-adder-b" style="top: 0; left: 18rem;" />
<label for="full-adder-b" style="top: 0; left: 18rem;"></label>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 3rem; left: 19.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Right Up" style="top: 5rem; left: 17.5rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 5rem; left: 17.5rem; height: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Right" style="top: 11rem; left: 17.5rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Junction Right" style="top: 9rem; left: 3rem; width: 14.5rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 9rem; left: 3rem; height: 15rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="full-adder-xor-gate-input" class="Gate XOR" style="left: 14.5rem; top: 11rem;">
<span></span>
<span></span>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 16rem; left: 16.5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Right Up" style="top: 18rem; left: 15rem; width: 1.5rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 18rem; left: 15rem; height: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Right" style="top: 24rem; left: 15rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Junction Right" style="top: 22rem; left: 9rem; width: 6rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 22rem; left: 9rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="full-adder-xor-gate-carry" class="Gate XOR" style="left: 12rem; top: 24rem;">
<span></span>
<span></span>
<div></div>
</div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 29rem; left: 14rem; height: 10rem;"></div>
<div class="Result" style="left: 12.5rem; top: 39rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="full-adder-and-gate-input" class="Gate AND" style="left: 0; top: 24rem;"></div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 29rem; left: 2rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Left Up" style="top: 31rem; left: 2rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Left" style="top: 31rem; left: 4rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Left" style="top: 33rem; left: 4rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="full-adder-and-gate-sum" class="Gate AND" style="left: 6rem; top: 24rem;"></div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 29rem; left: 8rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Horizontal Corner Right Up" style="top: 31rem; left: 6rem; width: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Corner Right" style="top: 31rem; left: 6rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Connector Vertical Convex Right" style="top: 33rem; left: 6rem;"></div>
</div>
<div id="full-adder-or-gate-carry-out" class="Gate OR" style="left: 3rem; top: 33rem;">
<span></span>
<span></span>
</div>
<div class="Group">
<div class="Connector Vertical" style="top: 37rem; left: 5rem; height: 2rem;"></div>
<div class="Result" style="left: 3.5rem; top: 39rem;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<li>
</li>
<style>
table , th , td {
border : 1px solid black;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
th , td {
padding : 5px;
text-align : center;
}
</style>
<h2> Truth Table </h2>
<table>
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>C_in</th>
<th>SUM</th>
<th>C_out</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>0</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</section>
<section class="DefaultTab">
<div class="ShrinkWrap">
<img src = "LGS_logo.png" alt="LGS_logo" align="right" width = "400" height="250">
<h1>LGS</h1>
<h2>logic-gate-simulator<h2>
<h3>Implementing AND , OR , XOR Gates in Pure HTML & CSS .</h3>
<p>
LGS is an experiment demonstrating the power of CSS selectors. Using LESS, logical operations can be declared and compiled into CSS selectors. LESS is a Learner Style Sheet, which is a dynamic preprocessor language that can be compiled into CSS.</p>
<p>Logic gates are the basic building blocks of any digital system. They are electronic circuits that have one or more inputs and only one output. The relationship between them is based on certain logic. We are going to study three gates: AND, OR, and XOR.</p>
</div>
</section>
</nav>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>