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Simple Docker - Nginx configuration

This project contains two stacks:

  • a simple nginx server for development with a basic php/mariadb stack.
  • a very basic reverse proxy so you can spool more than one of the above.

Please note: passwords and prefix are stored in the environment file .env

Install Docker and Portainer

Alpine:

apk add docker docker-compose

Ubuntu:

apt install docker docker-compose

Then go to portainer.io or simply:

docker volume create portainer_data
docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9000:9000 --name=portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer

and now point to your-server.com:9000 and enjoy Portainer.

Portainer Containers

Autoload Docker

rc-update add docker

Configure the stack

In ./fasterj/.env you can set the main stack name (then rename ./fasterj accordingly) which in turn will give the name to the network and volume created: the Reverse stack has the same file symbolically linked, and it will use it to determine the network and log disk names, i.e.

  • network: fasterj_default Portainer Network

  • volume: fasterj_log-disk Portainer Volumes

Install, build and run the stack

Copy this folder under /opt, then

Please make a copy of ./fasterj/env.default and name it fasterj/.env then edit your passwords and info.

cd /opt/fasterj

Run docker-compose up -d. This will initialise and start all the containers, then leave them running in the background.

Then add the reverse stack.

cd /opt/fasterj
docker-compose up -d

This stack was built starting from a https://phpdocker.io stack.

Services exposed outside your environment

You can access your application via localhost, if you're running the containers directly, or through `` when run on a vm. nginx responds to any hostname, in case you want to add your own hostname on your /etc/hosts

Service Address outside containers
Webserver localhost
MariaDB host: localhost; port: 8083

Hosts within your environment

You'll need to configure your application to use any services you enabled:

Service Hostname Port number
php-fpm php-fpm 9000
MariaDB mariadb 3306 (default)
Memcached memcached 11211 (default)

Web Reverse Proxy

The reverse stack contains an nginx reverse proxy which routes three domains to different containers and name-based hosts. You can configure additional servers adding them to reverse/nginx/conf.d/sites-available, then create a symbolic link in sites-enabled: from the sites-enabled folder, run:

ln -ls ../sites-available/newsite.conf .

Virtual name-based web servers

nginx is configured to serve a main server (answering all calls) with thhe code published in fasterj/public/default and a name-based virtual server with its root in fasterj/public/clouds. You can easily change / enable / disable the configs simply look at /fasterj/settings/nginx/conf.d/sites-available and create a symbolic link in sites-enabled, then restart nginx. Please note no environment substitution takes place in the nginx config files hence the server names there are static.

Default website

Docker compose cheatsheet

Note: you need to cd first to where your docker-compose.yml file lives.

  • Start containers in the background: docker-compose up -d
  • Start containers on the foreground: docker-compose up. You will see a stream of logs for every container running.
  • Stop containers: docker-compose stop
  • Kill containers: docker-compose kill
  • View container logs: docker-compose logs
  • Execute command inside of container: docker-compose exec SERVICE_NAME COMMAND where COMMAND is whatever you want to run.

Examples:

# Shell into the PHP container,
 docker-compose exec php-fpm bash

 # Test nginx configuration,
 docker exec reverse nginx -t

 # Restart nginx
 docker exec reverse nginx -s reload

 # Open a mysql shell
 docker-compose exec mysql mysql -uroot -pCHOSEN_ROOT_PASSWORD

Recommendations

It's hard to avoid file permission issues when fiddling about with containers due to the fact that, from your OS point of view, any files created within the container are owned by the process that runs the docker engine (this is usually root). Different OS will also have different problems, for instance you can run stuff in containers using docker exec -it -u $(id -u):$(id -g) CONTAINER_NAME COMMAND to force your current user ID into the process, but this will only work if your host OS is Linux, not mac. Follow a couple of simple rules and save yourself a world of hurt.

  • Run composer outside of the php container, as doing so would install all your dependencies owned by root within your vendor folder.
  • Run commands (ie Symfony's console, or Laravel's artisan) straight inside of your container. You can easily open a shell as described above and do your thing from there.

Credits