diff --git a/src/poetry/publishing/uploader.py b/src/poetry/publishing/uploader.py
index 03f7e325064..4a1ae3ace65 100644
--- a/src/poetry/publishing/uploader.py
+++ b/src/poetry/publishing/uploader.py
@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@
 import hashlib
 import io
 
+from contextlib import suppress
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Any
+from typing import NamedTuple
 
 import requests
 
@@ -48,6 +50,59 @@ def __init__(self, error: ConnectionError | HTTPError | str) -> None:
         super().__init__(message)
 
 
+class Hexdigest(NamedTuple):
+    md5: str | None
+    sha256: str | None
+    blake2_256: str | None
+
+
+class HashManager:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._sha2_hasher = hashlib.sha256()
+
+        self._md5_hasher = None
+        with suppress(ValueError):
+            # FIPS mode disables MD5
+            self._md5_hasher = hashlib.md5()
+
+        self._blake_hasher = None
+        with suppress(ValueError, TypeError):
+            # FIPS mode disables blake2
+            self._blake_hasher = hashlib.blake2b(digest_size=256 // 8)
+
+    def _md5_update(self, content: bytes) -> None:
+        if self._md5_hasher is not None:
+            self._md5_hasher.update(content)
+
+    def _md5_hexdigest(self) -> str | None:
+        if self._md5_hasher is not None:
+            return self._md5_hasher.hexdigest()
+        return None
+
+    def _blake_update(self, content: bytes) -> None:
+        if self._blake_hasher is not None:
+            self._blake_hasher.update(content)
+
+    def _blake_hexdigest(self) -> str | None:
+        if self._blake_hasher is not None:
+            return self._blake_hasher.hexdigest()
+        return None
+
+    def hash(self, file: Path) -> None:
+        with file.open("rb") as fp:
+            for content in iter(lambda: fp.read(io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE), b""):
+                self._md5_update(content)
+                self._sha2_hasher.update(content)
+                self._blake_update(content)
+
+    def hexdigest(self) -> Hexdigest:
+        return Hexdigest(
+            self._md5_hexdigest(),
+            self._sha2_hasher.hexdigest(),
+            self._blake_hexdigest(),
+        )
+
+
 class Uploader:
     def __init__(self, poetry: Poetry, io: IO, dist_dir: Path | None = None) -> None:
         self._poetry = poetry
@@ -126,19 +181,13 @@ def post_data(self, file: Path) -> dict[str, Any]:
 
         file_type = self._get_type(file)
 
-        blake2_256_hash = hashlib.blake2b(digest_size=256 // 8)
-
-        md5_hash = hashlib.md5()
-        sha256_hash = hashlib.sha256()
-        with file.open("rb") as fp:
-            for content in iter(lambda: fp.read(io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE), b""):
-                md5_hash.update(content)
-                sha256_hash.update(content)
-                blake2_256_hash.update(content)
+        hash_manager = HashManager()
+        hash_manager.hash(file)
+        file_hashes = hash_manager.hexdigest()
 
-        md5_digest = md5_hash.hexdigest()
-        sha2_digest = sha256_hash.hexdigest()
-        blake2_256_digest = blake2_256_hash.hexdigest()
+        md5_digest = file_hashes.md5
+        sha2_digest = file_hashes.sha256
+        blake2_256_digest = file_hashes.blake2_256
 
         py_version: str | None = None
         if file_type == "bdist_wheel":
diff --git a/tests/publishing/test_file_hashes.py b/tests/publishing/test_file_hashes.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af36b8c4588
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/publishing/test_file_hashes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import hashlib
+
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import Any
+
+import pytest
+
+from poetry.publishing.uploader import HashManager
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pathlib import Path
+
+    from tests.types import FixtureDirGetter
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def distributions_dir(fixture_dir: FixtureDirGetter) -> Path:
+    return fixture_dir("distributions")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "file, hashes",
+    (
+        (
+            "demo-0.1.0.tar.gz",
+            (
+                "d1912c917363a64e127318655f7d1fe7",
+                "9fa123ad707a5c6c944743bf3e11a0e80d86cb518d3cf25320866ca3ef43e2ad",
+                "cb638093d63df647e70b03e963bedc31e021cb088695e29101b69f525e3d5fef",
+            ),
+        ),
+        (
+            "demo-0.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl",
+            (
+                "53b4e10d2bfa81a4206221c4b87843d9",
+                "55dde4e6828081de7a1e429f33180459c333d9da593db62a3d75a8f5e505dde1",
+                "b35b9aab064e88fffe42309550ebe425907fb42ccb3b1d173b7d6b7509f38eac",
+            ),
+        ),
+    ),
+)
+def test_file_hashes_returns_proper_hashes_for_file(
+    file: str, hashes: tuple[str, ...], distributions_dir: Path
+) -> None:
+    manager = HashManager()
+    manager.hash(distributions_dir / file)
+    file_hashes = manager.hexdigest()
+    assert file_hashes == hashes
+
+
+def test_file_hashes_returns_none_for_md5_with_fips(distributions_dir: Path) -> None:
+    # disable md5
+    def fips_md5(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
+        raise ValueError("Disabled by FIPS")
+
+    hashlib.md5 = fips_md5
+
+    manager = HashManager()
+    manager.hash(distributions_dir / "demo-0.1.0.tar.gz")
+    file_hashes = manager.hexdigest()
+
+    assert file_hashes.md5 is None