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<h1> Boas-vindas, Pythonistas
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<li class="list-inline-item text-muted" title="2019-04-27T11:40:00-03:00">
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sáb 27 abril 2019
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<a href="./tag/comunidade.html">#comunidade</a>, <a href="./tag/pessoas.html">#pessoas</a>, <a href="./tag/python.html">#python</a> </li>
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<p>A few days ago I had to get some basic information from a handful of servers for an inventory report; just basic stuff like hostname, IP address, storage capacity, distro version, etc. I already manage all of my servers with Ansible, and there's a wealth of information available in Ansible's <code>setup</code> module, so I knew there had to be a clever way to do this.</p>
<p>Somehow I stumbled upon <a href="http://docs.ansible.com/developing_api.html">Ansible's Python API</a>, which solves this problem elegantly! It helped that other people are doing cool things and <a href="http://jpmens.net/2012/12/13/obtaining-remote-data-with-ansible-s-api/">writing about their experiences</a> too.</p>
<h2>Enter ansible.runner</h2>
<p>According to the documentation, the Python API is:</p>
<blockquote>[...] very powerful, and is how the ansible CLI and ansible-playbook are implemented.</blockquote>
<p>Indeed! Using <code>ansible.runner</code> I whipped something up and extracted data from several dozen servers in just a few minutes (and I don't even know Python!):</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ ./ansible-runner.py
mjanjavm10, <span class="m">2</span>, <span class="m">30</span>, Ubuntu <span class="m">14</span>.04, <span class="m">192</span>.168.7.34
mjanjavm14, <span class="m">2</span>, <span class="m">30</span>, Ubuntu <span class="m">14</span>.04, <span class="m">192</span>.168.7.37
</pre></div>
<p>I had to massage the data a bit to get clean numbers for RAM and storage capacity, but other than that it was extremely straightforward (as most things with Ansible generally are).</p>
<h2>The Code</h2>
<p>Here's the source code for the <em>ansible-runner.py</em> script above:</p>
<table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre> 1
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50</pre></div></td><td class="code"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/usr/bin/env python</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">ansible.runner</span>
<span class="c1"># hosts to contact</span>
<span class="n">hostlist</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'virtual'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="c1"># MiB -> GiB</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mibs_to_gibs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mibs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mibs</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">1024.0</span>
<span class="c1"># KiB -> GiB</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">kibs_to_gibs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kibs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">kibs</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">1024.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">1024.0</span>
<span class="c1"># bytes -> GiB</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bytes_to_gibs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_bytes</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_bytes</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">1024.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">1024.0</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="mf">1024.0</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">parse_results</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">results</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">results</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'contacted'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">memory</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mibs_to_gibs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ansible_facts'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'ansible_memtotal_mb'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="c1"># enumerate all disk devices to get total capacity</span>
<span class="n">disk_total_capacity</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">disk_device</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ansible_facts'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'ansible_devices'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">iterkeys</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">disk_sectors</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ansible_facts'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'ansible_devices'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">disk_device</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'sectors'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">disk_sectors_size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ansible_facts'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'ansible_devices'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">disk_device</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'sectorsize'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">disk_bytes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">disk_sectors</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">disk_sectors_size</span>
<span class="n">disk_total_capacity</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">bytes_to_gibs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">disk_bytes</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">os</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2"> </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ansible_facts'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'ansible_distribution'</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ansible_facts'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'ansible_distribution_version'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">ip</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'ansible_facts'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'ansible_default_ipv4'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'address'</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="k">print</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">%.0f</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">%2.0f</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">, </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hostname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">memory</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">disk_total_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ip</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'__main__'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">results</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ansible</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">runner</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Runner</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">module_name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'setup'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">module_args</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">remote_user</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'provisioning'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">sudo</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">False</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">pattern</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">hostlist</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">forks</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">5</span>
<span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">parse_results</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">results</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># vim: set sw=4 ts=4:</span>
</pre></div>
</td></tr></table>
<p>Feel free to use, improve, and share it.</p>
<p>This was <a href="https://mjanja.ch/2015/01/leveraging-the-ansible-python-api-for-infrastructure-reporting/">originally posted</a> on my personal blog; re-posted here for posterity.</p>
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