Split the build tests on a different CI workflow

[hug-dev]

See this specific comment for background.

We perform a lot of build checks with different features and different versions of the Rust compiler. Those take a lot of time on the all-providers test. It would be wise to split them in their own workflow.

To do that, it might be needed to add a new argument to the ci.sh script so that only those are executed and run the script with that new argument in the Docker container.