diff --git a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngine.java b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngine.java
index a048b858ca139..106643198cc3b 100644
--- a/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngine.java
+++ b/server/src/main/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngine.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 import org.opensearch.common.lucene.index.OpenSearchDirectoryReader;
 import org.opensearch.common.unit.ByteSizeValue;
 import org.opensearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
+import org.opensearch.common.util.concurrent.ReleasableLock;
 import org.opensearch.core.internal.io.IOUtils;
 import org.opensearch.index.seqno.LocalCheckpointTracker;
 import org.opensearch.index.seqno.SeqNoStats;
@@ -90,6 +91,7 @@ public synchronized void updateSegments(final SegmentInfos infos, long seqNo) th
         // generation. We can still refresh with incoming SegmentInfos that are not part of a commit point.
         if (infos.getGeneration() > lastCommittedSegmentInfos.getGeneration()) {
             this.lastCommittedSegmentInfos = infos;
+            rollTranslogGeneration();
         }
         localCheckpointTracker.fastForwardProcessedSeqNo(seqNo);
     }
@@ -121,10 +123,15 @@ public boolean isThrottled() {
 
     @Override
     public void trimOperationsFromTranslog(long belowTerm, long aboveSeqNo) throws EngineException {
-        ensureOpen();
-        try {
+        try (ReleasableLock lock = readLock.acquire()) {
+            ensureOpen();
             translog.trimOperations(belowTerm, aboveSeqNo);
-        } catch (IOException e) {
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            try {
+                failEngine("translog operations trimming failed", e);
+            } catch (Exception inner) {
+                e.addSuppressed(inner);
+            }
             throw new EngineException(shardId, "failed to trim translog operations", e);
         }
     }
@@ -286,10 +293,15 @@ public void flush(boolean force, boolean waitIfOngoing) throws EngineException {
 
     @Override
     public void trimUnreferencedTranslogFiles() throws EngineException {
-        ensureOpen();
-        try {
+        try (ReleasableLock lock = readLock.acquire()) {
+            ensureOpen();
             translog.trimUnreferencedReaders();
-        } catch (IOException e) {
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            try {
+                failEngine("translog trimming failed", e);
+            } catch (Exception inner) {
+                e.addSuppressed(inner);
+            }
             throw new EngineException(shardId, "failed to trim translog", e);
         }
     }
@@ -301,11 +313,16 @@ public boolean shouldRollTranslogGeneration() {
 
     @Override
     public void rollTranslogGeneration() throws EngineException {
-        ensureOpen();
-        try {
+        try (ReleasableLock ignored = readLock.acquire()) {
+            ensureOpen();
             translog.rollGeneration();
             translog.trimUnreferencedReaders();
-        } catch (IOException e) {
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            try {
+                failEngine("translog trimming failed", e);
+            } catch (Exception inner) {
+                e.addSuppressed(inner);
+            }
             throw new EngineException(shardId, "failed to roll translog", e);
         }
     }
@@ -350,11 +367,8 @@ protected final void closeNoLock(String reason, CountDownLatch closedLatch) {
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 logger.warn("failed to close engine", e);
             } finally {
-                try {
-                    logger.debug("engine closed [{}]", reason);
-                } finally {
-                    closedLatch.countDown();
-                }
+                logger.debug("engine closed [{}]", reason);
+                closedLatch.countDown();
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java
index 133eb1199bbcb..6aa00bb9312dd 100644
--- a/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java
+++ b/server/src/test/java/org/opensearch/index/engine/NRTReplicationEngineTests.java
@@ -129,9 +129,32 @@ public void testUpdateSegments() throws Exception {
             engine.flush();
             nrtEngine.syncTranslog(); // to advance persisted checkpoint
 
+            Set<Long> seqNos = operations.stream().map(Engine.Operation::seqNo).collect(Collectors.toSet());
+
+            try (Translog.Snapshot snapshot = nrtEngine.getTranslog().newSnapshot()) {
+                assertThat(snapshot.totalOperations(), equalTo(operations.size()));
+                assertThat(
+                    TestTranslog.drainSnapshot(snapshot, false).stream().map(Translog.Operation::seqNo).collect(Collectors.toSet()),
+                    equalTo(seqNos)
+                );
+            }
+
             nrtEngine.updateSegments(engine.getLastCommittedSegmentInfos(), engine.getProcessedLocalCheckpoint());
             assertMatchingSegmentsAndCheckpoints(nrtEngine);
 
+            assertEquals(
+                nrtEngine.getTranslog().getGeneration().translogFileGeneration,
+                engine.getTranslog().getGeneration().translogFileGeneration
+            );
+
+            try (Translog.Snapshot snapshot = nrtEngine.getTranslog().newSnapshot()) {
+                assertThat(snapshot.totalOperations(), equalTo(operations.size()));
+                assertThat(
+                    TestTranslog.drainSnapshot(snapshot, false).stream().map(Translog.Operation::seqNo).collect(Collectors.toSet()),
+                    equalTo(seqNos)
+                );
+            }
+
             // Ensure the same hit count between engines.
             int expectedDocCount;
             try (final Engine.Searcher test = engine.acquireSearcher("test")) {