Evidence search

Inclusion criteria

We included cohort studies of patients with chronic illness due to heart failure, dialysis, or oncology.

Reconciliation tables

Comparison of included studies with prior systematc reviews (not available as no prior systematic review exists)

PubMed

Boolean term searching

7/17/2016: surprise* AND question AND (mortality OR death OR died) . 25 articles (reviewed)

Retrieves eight of nine articles in hand (100% sensitivity)
25 articles (search results reviewed 7/16/2016; x new articles included)

Vector searching ('Related citations' search)

Seed articles (9):

751 articles (first 50 reviewed 3/21/2017 without new articles identified)
42 articles when combined with surprise*

Cited reference searching

Identifying seminal studies that are the most highly cited at Google Scholar

Pattison. J Palliat Med. 2001 PMID: 11441634. First conceptualization of the question. Cited by 34
Murray. BMJ. 2002 PMID: 12399341 Early conceptualization of the question. Cited by 467
Barnes. Chronic Illn. 2008 PMID: 18322025 First quantitative assessment of the surprise question. Cited by 15
Moss. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 PMID: 18596118 First labeling of the question in the title/abstract of a quantitative study. Cited by 148

Searching within the highly citing studies using Google Scholar

7/17/2016: Searching 'surprised' within the citing studies using Google Scholar

Murray. 52 articles (no additional articles)
Moss. 100 articles (no additional articles)