diff --git a/processor/tailsamplingprocessor/internal/sampling/duration.go b/processor/tailsamplingprocessor/internal/sampling/duration.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d7c6ee82cdb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/processor/tailsamplingprocessor/internal/sampling/duration.go
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package sampling // import "github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/processor/tailsamplingprocessor/internal/sampling"
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/pdata/pcommon"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/pdata/ptrace"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+type duration struct {
+	logger           *zap.Logger
+	lowerThresholdMs int64
+	upperThresholdMs int64
+}
+
+var _ PolicyEvaluator = (*duration)(nil)
+
+// NewDuration creates a policy evaluator sampling traces with a duration higher than a configured threshold
+func NewDuration(settings component.TelemetrySettings, lowerThresholdMs int64, upperThresholdMs int64) PolicyEvaluator {
+	return &duration{
+		logger:           settings.Logger,
+		lowerThresholdMs: lowerThresholdMs,
+		upperThresholdMs: upperThresholdMs,
+	}
+}
+
+// Evaluate looks at the trace data and returns a corresponding SamplingDecision.
+func (l *duration) Evaluate(_ context.Context, _ pcommon.TraceID, traceData *TraceData) (Decision, error) {
+	l.logger.Debug("Evaluating spans in duration filter")
+
+	traceData.Lock()
+	defer traceData.Unlock()
+	batches := traceData.ReceivedBatches
+
+	var minTime pcommon.Timestamp
+	var maxTime pcommon.Timestamp
+
+	return hasSpanWithCondition(batches, func(span ptrace.Span) bool {
+		if minTime == 0 || span.StartTimestamp() < minTime {
+			minTime = span.StartTimestamp()
+		}
+		if maxTime == 0 || span.EndTimestamp() > maxTime {
+			maxTime = span.EndTimestamp()
+		}
+
+		duration := maxTime.AsTime().Sub(minTime.AsTime())
+		return (l.lowerThresholdMs < duration.Milliseconds() && duration.Milliseconds() <= l.upperThresholdMs)
+	}), nil
+}
diff --git a/processor/tailsamplingprocessor/internal/sampling/duration_test.go b/processor/tailsamplingprocessor/internal/sampling/duration_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f804b866fc6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/processor/tailsamplingprocessor/internal/sampling/duration_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package sampling
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component/componenttest"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/pdata/pcommon"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/pdata/ptrace"
+)
+
+func TestEvaluate_Duration(t *testing.T) {
+	filter := NewDuration(componenttest.NewNopTelemetrySettings(), 5000, 10000)
+
+	traceID := pcommon.TraceID([16]byte{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16})
+	now := time.Now()
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		Desc     string
+		Spans    []spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration
+		Decision Decision
+	}{
+		{
+			"trace duration shorter than lower bound",
+			[]spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration{
+				{
+					StartTime: now,
+					Duration:  4500 * time.Millisecond,
+				},
+			},
+			NotSampled,
+		},
+		{
+			"trace duration is equal to lower bound",
+			[]spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration{
+				{
+					StartTime: now,
+					Duration:  5000 * time.Millisecond,
+				},
+			},
+			NotSampled,
+		},
+		{
+			"trace duration is within lower and upper bounds",
+			[]spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration{
+				{
+					StartTime: now,
+					Duration:  5001 * time.Millisecond,
+				},
+			},
+			Sampled,
+		},
+		{
+			"trace duration is above upper bound",
+			[]spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration{
+				{
+					StartTime: now,
+					Duration:  10001 * time.Millisecond,
+				},
+			},
+			NotSampled,
+		},
+		{
+			"trace duration equals upper bound",
+			[]spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration{
+				{
+					StartTime: now,
+					Duration:  10000 * time.Millisecond,
+				},
+			},
+			Sampled,
+		},
+		{
+			"total trace duration is longer than threshold but every single span is shorter",
+			[]spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration{
+				{
+					StartTime: now,
+					Duration:  3000 * time.Millisecond,
+				},
+				{
+					StartTime: now.Add(2500 * time.Millisecond),
+					Duration:  3000 * time.Millisecond,
+				},
+			},
+			Sampled,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		t.Run(c.Desc, func(t *testing.T) {
+			decision, err := filter.Evaluate(context.Background(), traceID, newTraceWithBoundedSpans(c.Spans))
+
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			assert.Equal(t, decision, c.Decision)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+type spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration struct {
+	StartTime time.Time
+	Duration  time.Duration
+}
+
+func newTraceWithBoundedSpans(spans []spanWithTimeAndBoundedDuration) *TraceData {
+	traces := ptrace.NewTraces()
+	rs := traces.ResourceSpans().AppendEmpty()
+	ils := rs.ScopeSpans().AppendEmpty()
+
+	for _, s := range spans {
+		span := ils.Spans().AppendEmpty()
+		span.SetTraceID([16]byte{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16})
+		span.SetSpanID([8]byte{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8})
+		span.SetStartTimestamp(pcommon.NewTimestampFromTime(s.StartTime))
+		span.SetEndTimestamp(pcommon.NewTimestampFromTime(s.StartTime.Add(s.Duration)))
+	}
+
+	return &TraceData{
+		ReceivedBatches: traces,
+	}
+}