doc: simplify and clarify README language

Continued simplification and clarification of language in README.md.

PR-URL: #23322
Reviewed-By: Trivikram Kamat <trivikr.dev@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Colin Ihrig <cjihrig@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Michaël Zasso <targos@protonmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Richard Lau <riclau@uk.ibm.com>
Reviewed-By: Vse Mozhet Byt <vsemozhetbyt@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Сковорода Никита Андреевич <chalkerx@gmail.com>

Author: Trott

README.md

@@ -95,15 +95,15 @@ Binaries, installers, and source tarballs are available at
 
 The [latest](https://nodejs.org/download/release/latest/) directory is an
 alias for the latest Current release. The latest-_codename_ directory is an
-alias for the latest release from an LTS line. For example,
-<https://nodejs.org/download/release/latest-carbon> is the latest Carbon
-(Node.js version 8) release.
+alias for the latest release from an LTS line. For example, the
+[latest-carbon](https://nodejs.org/download/release/latest-carbon/) directory
+contains the latest Carbon (Node.js 8) release.
 
 #### Nightly Releases
 <https://nodejs.org/download/nightly/>
 
-Listed under their version string which includes their date (in UTC time) and
-the commit SHA at the HEAD of the release.
+Each directory name and filename contains a date (in UTC time) and the commit
+SHA at the HEAD of the release.
 
 #### API Documentation
 
@@ -606,8 +606,8 @@ gpg --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys C4F0DFFF4E8C1A8236409D08E73B
 gpg --keyserver pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys DD8F2338BAE7501E3DD5AC78C273792F7D83545D
 ```
 
-See the section above on [Verifying Binaries](#verifying-binaries) for details
-on what to do with these keys to verify that a downloaded file is official.
+See the section above on [Verifying Binaries](#verifying-binaries) for how to
+use these keys to verify a downloaded file.
 
 Previous releases may also have been signed with one of the following GPG keys: