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open-knowledge.html
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html" ;="" charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<title>Open Knowledge</title>
<link
href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100i,300,400,500,700"
rel="stylesheet"
/>
<link
href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.3.0-alpha1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"
rel="stylesheet"
integrity="sha384-GLhlTQ8iRABdZLl6O3oVMWSktQOp6b7In1Zl3/Jr59b6EGGoI1aFkw7cmDA6j6gD"
crossorigin="anonymous"
/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="anniv.css" />
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar bg-body-tertiary">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="https://anniv.co">
<img
src="./img/anniv.png"
alt="Logo"
width="30"
height="26"
class="d-inline-block align-text-top"
/>
Open Anniversary
</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav flex-row flex-wrap ms-md-auto">
<li class="nav-item col-6 col-lg-auto">
<a
class="nav-link py-2 px-0 px-lg-2"
href="https://github.com/nickvidal/anniv"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
>
<svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
width="16"
height="16"
class="navbar-nav-svg"
viewBox="0 0 512 499.36"
role="img"
>
<title>GitHub</title>
<path
fill="currentColor"
fill-rule="evenodd"
d="M256 0C114.64 0 0 114.61 0 256c0 113.09 73.34 209 175.08 242.9 12.8 2.35 17.47-5.56 17.47-12.34 0-6.08-.22-22.18-.35-43.54-71.2 15.49-86.2-34.34-86.2-34.34-11.64-29.57-28.42-37.45-28.42-37.45-23.27-15.84 1.73-15.55 1.73-15.55 25.69 1.81 39.21 26.38 39.21 26.38 22.84 39.12 59.92 27.82 74.5 21.27 2.33-16.54 8.94-27.82 16.25-34.22-56.84-6.43-116.6-28.43-116.6-126.49 0-27.95 10-50.8 26.35-68.69-2.63-6.48-11.42-32.5 2.51-67.75 0 0 21.49-6.88 70.4 26.24a242.65 242.65 0 0 1 128.18 0c48.87-33.13 70.33-26.24 70.33-26.24 14 35.25 5.18 61.27 2.55 67.75 16.41 17.9 26.31 40.75 26.31 68.69 0 98.35-59.85 120-116.88 126.32 9.19 7.9 17.38 23.53 17.38 47.41 0 34.22-.31 61.83-.31 70.23 0 6.85 4.61 14.81 17.6 12.31C438.72 464.97 512 369.08 512 256.02 512 114.62 397.37 0 256 0z"
></path>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
<li class="nav-item col-6 col-lg-auto">
<a
class="nav-link py-2 px-0 px-lg-2"
href="https://opencollective.com/anniv"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener"
>
<svg
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
width="16"
height="16"
fill="currentColor"
fill-rule="evenodd"
class="navbar-nav-svg"
viewBox="0 0 40 41"
role="img"
>
<title>Open Collective</title>
<path
fill-opacity=".4"
d="M32.8 21c0 2.4-.8 4.9-2 6.9l5.1 5.1c2.5-3.4 4.1-7.6 4.1-12 0-4.6-1.6-8.8-4-12.2L30.7 14c1.2 2 2 4.3 2 7z"
></path>
<path
d="M20 33.7a12.8 12.8 0 0 1 0-25.6c2.6 0 5 .7 7 2.1L32 5a20 20 0 1 0 .1 31.9l-5-5.2a13 13 0 0 1-7 2z"
></path>
</svg>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</nav>
<header>
<div class="container text-center">
<h1>Open Knowledge</h1>
</div>
</header>
<section>
<div class="timeline container" id="timeline">
<div class="timeline-item animate">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Project Gutenberg</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="1971-12-01T12:00:00Z"
>1 December, 1971</time
>
<p>
Project Gutenberg is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive
cultural works, as well as to "encourage the creation and
distribution of eBooks." It was founded in December 1971 by
American writer Michael S. Hart and is the oldest digital
library. Most of the items in its collection are the full
texts of books in the public domain.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Project Gutenberg"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="36a6ba5b-81fe-4741-ad60-236ff6fd14de"
src="./img/gutenburg.jpg"
class="align-center"
width="850"
height="509"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Internet Archive</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="1996-05-01T12:00:00Z"
>1 May, 1996</time
>
<p>
Brewster Kahle founded the Internet Archive in May 1996 at around
the same time that he began the for-profit web crawling company
Alexa Internet. It provides free public access to collections
of digitized materials, including websites, software
applications/games, music, movies/videos, moving images, and
millions of books.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Internet Archive"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="26514dc8-d049-400b-a6c6-477f4fd4417c"
src="./img/internet_archive_0.jpg"
class="align-center"
width="195"
height="194"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Wikipedia</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2001-01-15T12:00:00Z"
>15 January, 2001</time
>
<p>
In January 2001, Wikipedia began as a side-project of Nupedia, to
allow collaboration on articles prior to entering the peer-review
process. The name was suggested by Sanger on 11 January 2001 as a
portmanteau of the words wiki (Hawaiian for "quick") and
encyclopedia. The wikipedia.com and wikipedia.org domain names
were registered on 12 and 13 January, respectively, with
wikipedia.org being brought online on the same day. The
project formally opened on 15 January ("Wikipedia Day"), with the
first international Wikipedias – the French, German, Catalan,
Swedish, and Italian editions – being created between March and
May.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Wikipedia"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="761ce793-f0af-48e0-b6cd-0d435ab6f62b"
src="./img/wikipedia.png"
class="align-center"
width="200"
height="245"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Creative Commons</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2001-01-15T12:00:00Z"
>15 January, 2001</time
>
<p>
In January 15 2001, Lawrence Lessig initiated Creative Commons by
registering the domain CreativeCommons.org.
</p>
<p>
Lessig focuses on a fair balance between the interest of the
public to use and participate into released creative works and the
need of protection for a creator's work, which still enables a
"read-write" remix culture.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Creative Commons"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="2f836701-64ef-4762-8fa1-d6ec0132271f"
src="./img/cc.png"
class="align-center"
width="200"
height="200"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Wayback Machine</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2001-10-24T12:00:00Z"
>24 October, 2001</time
>
<p>
The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web,
founded by the Internet Archive. It allows the user to go “back in
time” and see what websites looked like in the past. In
October 1996, the Internet Archive had begun to archive and
preserve the World Wide Web in large quantities, though it saved
the earliest pages in May 1996. The archived content wasn't
available to the general public until 2001, when it developed the
Wayback Machine. Since its launch, over 500 billion pages
have been added to the archive.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Wayback Machine"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="b526d090-f6ed-4979-9999-93f8a278ea64"
src="./img/waybackmachine.png"
class="align-center"
width="320"
height="86"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Open Educational Resources</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2002-07-01T12:00:00Z"
>1 July, 2002</time
>
<p>
Open Educational Resources (OER) was first coined in July 2002 at
UNESCO's Forum on Open Courseware. OER are teaching, learning and
research materials in any medium – digital or otherwise – that
reside in the public domain or have been released under an open
license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and
redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Open Educational Resources"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="12644b41-b4ff-4eab-905a-d20d1c87ace4"
src="./img/oer.png"
class="align-center"
width="200"
height="134"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Wikimedia Foundation</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2003-06-20T12:00:00Z"
>20 June, 2003</time
>
<p>
The Wikimedia Foundation was incorporated as a non-profit
organization in Florida on June 20, 2003. Wales founded the
Wikimedia Foundation to manage Wikipedia and all its sister
projects going forward.
</p>
<p>
The Wikimedia Foundation has the stated goal of developing and
maintaining open content, wiki-based projects and providing the
full contents of those projects to the public free of charge.
Wikimedia claims to be "the sum of all human knowledge."
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Wikimedia Foundation"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="b7149044-351f-4d9a-a1c7-39eeac8cf229"
src="./img/wikimedia.png"
class="align-center"
width="512"
height="383"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Open Knowledge Foundation</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2004-05-20T12:00:00Z"
>20 May, 2004</time
>
<p>
Open Knowledge Foundation (OKF) is a global, non-profit network
that promotes and shares information at no charge, including both
content and data. It was founded by Rufus Pollock on 20 May
2004 and launched on 24 May 2004 in Cambridge, UK.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Open Knowledge Foundation"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="87473cd3-67c4-4680-9f1a-12cf51d53dcb"
src="./img/okf.png"
class="align-center"
width="937"
height="263"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>OpenStreetMap</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2004-07-01T12:00:00Z"
>1 July, 2004</time
>
<p>
The OpenStreetMap project was founded by Steve Coast in July 2004,
with the goal to create an open-source street map of the world. On
22 August 2006, the OpenStreetMap Foundation was founded to
support and enable the development of freely-reusable geospatial
data.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="OpenStreetMap"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="5bc1ba01-ff82-4a22-a548-dc66c3017059"
src="./img/openstreetmap.png"
class="align-center"
width="900"
height="300"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Open Library</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2006-01-01T12:00:00Z"
>1 January, 2006</time
>
<p>
Open Library is an online project of the Internet Archive
intended to create "one web page for every book ever published".
It was created by Aaron Swartz, Brewster Kahle, Alexis Rossi,
Anand Chitipothu, and Rebecca Malamud. Open Library claims to
have over 20 million records in its database.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Open Library"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="5d899fa5-048f-4087-9d3c-152e28823afc"
src="./img/open_library.png"
class="align-center"
width="320"
height="80"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Software Heritage</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2016-06-30T12:00:00Z"
>30 June, 2016</time
>
<p>
Software Heritage is a non-profit multi-stakeholder initiative
with the mission to collect, preserve and share all software
that is publicly available in source code form, with the goal of
building a common, shared infrastructure at the service of
industry, research, culture and society as a whole. It was founded
by Roberto Di Cosmo and Stefano Zacchiroli in June 2016 with
support from Inria and UNESCO.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Software Heritage"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="438ae75f-6527-42bb-8240-ba7f6b1e818c"
src="./img/software_heritage.png"
class="align-center"
width="320"
height="72"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="timeline-item">
<div class="timeline-content">
<h2>Internet Archive Scholar</h2>
<time class="date" datetime="2020-09-22T12:00:00Z"
>22 September, 2020</time
>
<p>
In September 2020 Internet Archive announced a new initiative to
archive and preserve open access academic journals, called the
"Internet Archive Scholar". Its fulltext search index includes
over 25 million research articles and other scholarly documents
preserved in the Internet Archive. The collection spans from
digitized copies of eighteenth century journals through the latest
Open Access conference proceedings and pre-prints crawled from the
World Wide Web.
</p>
<div class="timeline-image">
<img
alt="Internet Archive Scholar"
data-entity-type="file"
data-entity-uuid="3265e1b3-e591-4e2f-84d3-9464f4e11feb"
src="./img/internet_scholar.png"
class="align-center"
width="467"
height="225"
loading="lazy"
/>
</div>
<p> </p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<nav class="navbar bg-body-tertiary">
<div class="container-fluid">
<a class="navbar-brand" href="https://anniv.co">
<img
src="./img/anniv.png"
alt="Logo"
width="30"
height="26"
class="d-inline-block align-text-top"
/>
Open Anniversary
</a>
<ul class="navbar-nav flex-row flex-wrap ms-md-auto">
<li class="nav-item col-6 col-lg-auto">
<a
class="nav-link py-2 px-0 px-lg-2"
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target="_blank"
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>
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xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
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height="16"
class="navbar-nav-svg"
viewBox="0 0 512 499.36"
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>
<title>GitHub</title>
<path
fill="currentColor"
fill-rule="evenodd"
d="M256 0C114.64 0 0 114.61 0 256c0 113.09 73.34 209 175.08 242.9 12.8 2.35 17.47-5.56 17.47-12.34 0-6.08-.22-22.18-.35-43.54-71.2 15.49-86.2-34.34-86.2-34.34-11.64-29.57-28.42-37.45-28.42-37.45-23.27-15.84 1.73-15.55 1.73-15.55 25.69 1.81 39.21 26.38 39.21 26.38 22.84 39.12 59.92 27.82 74.5 21.27 2.33-16.54 8.94-27.82 16.25-34.22-56.84-6.43-116.6-28.43-116.6-126.49 0-27.95 10-50.8 26.35-68.69-2.63-6.48-11.42-32.5 2.51-67.75 0 0 21.49-6.88 70.4 26.24a242.65 242.65 0 0 1 128.18 0c48.87-33.13 70.33-26.24 70.33-26.24 14 35.25 5.18 61.27 2.55 67.75 16.41 17.9 26.31 40.75 26.31 68.69 0 98.35-59.85 120-116.88 126.32 9.19 7.9 17.38 23.53 17.38 47.41 0 34.22-.31 61.83-.31 70.23 0 6.85 4.61 14.81 17.6 12.31C438.72 464.97 512 369.08 512 256.02 512 114.62 397.37 0 256 0z"
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<title>Open Collective</title>
<path
fill-opacity=".4"
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></path>
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