diff --git a/packages/mui-base/src/Checkbox/Root/CheckboxRoot.tsx b/packages/mui-base/src/Checkbox/Root/CheckboxRoot.tsx
index 4e3dcf87b..5f9bed5f2 100644
--- a/packages/mui-base/src/Checkbox/Root/CheckboxRoot.tsx
+++ b/packages/mui-base/src/Checkbox/Root/CheckboxRoot.tsx
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ const CheckboxRoot = React.forwardRef(function CheckboxRoot(
   } = props;
 
   const groupContext = useCheckboxGroupRootContext();
-  const isGrouped = groupContext?.parent && groupContext.allValues;
+  const parentContext = groupContext?.parent;
+  const isGrouped = parentContext && groupContext.allValues;
 
   let groupProps: Partial<Omit<CheckboxRoot.Props, 'className'>> = {};
   if (isGrouped) {
@@ -74,6 +75,12 @@ const CheckboxRoot = React.forwardRef(function CheckboxRoot(
   const { ownerState: fieldOwnerState, disabled: fieldDisabled } = useFieldRootContext();
   const disabled = fieldDisabled || disabledProp;
 
+  React.useEffect(() => {
+    if (parentContext && name) {
+      parentContext.disabledStatesRef.current.set(name, disabled);
+    }
+  }, [parentContext, disabled, name]);
+
   const ownerState: CheckboxRoot.OwnerState = React.useMemo(
     () => ({
       ...fieldOwnerState,
diff --git a/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.test.tsx b/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.test.tsx
index a3ae0e9fc..1b46ef396 100644
--- a/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.test.tsx
@@ -206,4 +206,64 @@ describe('useCheckboxGroupParent', () => {
       }
     });
   });
+
+  it('handles unchecked disabled checkboxes', () => {
+    function App() {
+      const [value, setValue] = React.useState<string[]>([]);
+      return (
+        <CheckboxGroup.Root value={value} onValueChange={setValue} allValues={allValues}>
+          <Checkbox.Root parent data-testid="parent" />
+          <Checkbox.Root name="a" disabled />
+          <Checkbox.Root name="b" />
+          <Checkbox.Root name="c" />
+        </CheckboxGroup.Root>
+      );
+    }
+
+    render(<App />);
+
+    const checkboxes = screen
+      .getAllByRole('checkbox')
+      .filter((v) => v.getAttribute('name') && v.tagName === 'BUTTON');
+    const checkboxA = checkboxes.find((v) => v.getAttribute('name') === 'a')!;
+    const parent = screen.getByTestId('parent');
+
+    fireEvent.click(parent);
+
+    expect(parent).to.have.attribute('aria-checked', 'mixed');
+    expect(checkboxA).to.have.attribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+  });
+
+  it('handles checked disabled checkboxes', () => {
+    function App() {
+      const [value, setValue] = React.useState<string[]>(['a']);
+      return (
+        <CheckboxGroup.Root value={value} onValueChange={setValue} allValues={allValues}>
+          <Checkbox.Root parent data-testid="parent" />
+          <Checkbox.Root name="a" disabled />
+          <Checkbox.Root name="b" />
+          <Checkbox.Root name="c" />
+        </CheckboxGroup.Root>
+      );
+    }
+
+    render(<App />);
+
+    const checkboxes = screen
+      .getAllByRole('checkbox')
+      .filter((v) => v.getAttribute('name') && v.tagName === 'BUTTON');
+    const checkboxA = checkboxes.find((v) => v.getAttribute('name') === 'a')!;
+    const checkboxB = checkboxes.find((v) => v.getAttribute('name') === 'b')!;
+    const parent = screen.getByTestId('parent');
+
+    fireEvent.click(parent);
+
+    expect(checkboxA).to.have.attribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+    expect(checkboxB).to.have.attribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+
+    fireEvent.click(parent);
+
+    expect(checkboxA).to.have.attribute('aria-checked', 'true');
+    expect(checkboxB).to.have.attribute('aria-checked', 'false');
+  });
 });
diff --git a/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.ts b/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.ts
index c9fc7be4f..e9e4d0fae 100644
--- a/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.ts
+++ b/packages/mui-base/src/CheckboxGroup/Parent/useCheckboxGroupParent.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ export function useCheckboxGroupParent(
   } = params;
 
   const uncontrolledStateRef = React.useRef(value);
+  const disabledStatesRef = React.useRef(new Map<string, boolean>());
+
   const [status, setStatus] = React.useState<'on' | 'off' | 'mixed'>('mixed');
 
   const id = useId();
@@ -36,34 +38,48 @@ export function useCheckboxGroupParent(
       'aria-controls': allValues.map((v) => `${id}-${v}`).join(' '),
       onCheckedChange(_, event) {
         const uncontrolledState = uncontrolledStateRef.current;
+
+        // None except the disabled ones that are checked, which can't be changed.
+        const none = allValues.filter(
+          (v) => disabledStatesRef.current.get(v) && uncontrolledState.includes(v),
+        );
+        // "All" that are valid:
+        // - any that aren't disabled
+        // - disabled ones that are checked
+        const all = allValues.filter(
+          (v) =>
+            !disabledStatesRef.current.get(v) ||
+            (disabledStatesRef.current.get(v) && uncontrolledState.includes(v)),
+        );
+
         const allOnOrOff =
-          uncontrolledState.length === allValues.length || uncontrolledState.length === 0;
+          uncontrolledState.length === all.length || uncontrolledState.length === 0;
 
         if (allOnOrOff) {
-          if (value.length === allValues.length) {
-            onValueChange([], event);
+          if (value.length === all.length) {
+            onValueChange(none, event);
           } else {
-            onValueChange(allValues, event);
+            onValueChange(all, event);
           }
           return;
         }
 
         if (preserveChildStates) {
           if (status === 'mixed') {
-            onValueChange(allValues, event);
+            onValueChange(all, event);
             setStatus('on');
           } else if (status === 'on') {
-            onValueChange([], event);
+            onValueChange(none, event);
             setStatus('off');
           } else if (status === 'off') {
             onValueChange(uncontrolledState, event);
             setStatus('mixed');
           }
         } else if (checked) {
-          onValueChange([], event);
+          onValueChange(none, event);
           setStatus('off');
         } else {
-          onValueChange(allValues, event);
+          onValueChange(all, event);
           setStatus('on');
         }
       },
@@ -106,6 +122,7 @@ export function useCheckboxGroupParent(
       indeterminate,
       getParentProps,
       getChildProps,
+      disabledStatesRef,
     }),
     [id, indeterminate, getParentProps, getChildProps],
   );
@@ -122,6 +139,7 @@ export namespace UseCheckboxGroupParent {
   export interface ReturnValue {
     id: string | undefined;
     indeterminate: boolean;
+    disabledStatesRef: React.MutableRefObject<Map<string, boolean>>;
     getParentProps: () => {
       id: string | undefined;
       indeterminate: boolean;