diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 8f219fcb..e24435c4 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ci:
 default_stages: [commit, push, manual]
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v4.5.0
+    rev: v4.6.0
     hooks:
       - id: check-symlinks
       - id: destroyed-symlinks
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ repos:
       - id: debug-statements
       - id: double-quote-string-fixer
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-clang-format
-    rev: v18.1.2
+    rev: v18.1.4
     hooks:
       - id: clang-format
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.3.5
+    rev: v0.4.1
     hooks:
       - id: ruff
         args: [--fix, --exit-non-zero-on-fix]
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: isort
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 24.3.0
+    rev: 24.4.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
   - repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index c970a9a4..dd19a8aa 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ if(NOT DEFINED PYBIND11_VERSION AND NOT "$ENV{PYBIND11_VERSION}" STREQUAL "")
     set(PYBIND11_VERSION "$ENV{PYBIND11_VERSION}")
 endif()
 if(NOT PYBIND11_VERSION)
-    set(PYBIND11_VERSION v2.11.1)
+    set(PYBIND11_VERSION v2.12.0)
 endif()
 
 if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ if(MSVC)
         APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS
         " /Zc:preprocessor"
         " /experimental:external /external:anglebrackets /external:W0"
-        " /Wall /Wv:19.34"  # Visual Studio 2022 version 17.4
+        " /Wall /Wv:19.37"  # Visual Studio 2022 version 17.7
         # Suppress following warnings
         " /wd4365"  # conversion from 'type_1' to 'type_2', signed/unsigned mismatch
         " /wd4514"  # unreferenced inline function has been removed
diff --git a/benchmark.py b/benchmark.py
index 1243af75..f94cfce7 100755
--- a/benchmark.py
+++ b/benchmark.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import argparse
+import operator
 import sys
 import textwrap
 import timeit
@@ -447,7 +448,7 @@ def check(tree: Any) -> None:
 
     optree_flat = optree.tree_leaves(tree, none_is_leaf=False)
     jax_flat = jax.tree_util.tree_leaves(tree)
-    if len(optree_flat) == len(jax_flat) and all(map(lambda a, b: a is b, optree_flat, jax_flat)):
+    if len(optree_flat) == len(jax_flat) and all(map(operator.is_, optree_flat, jax_flat)):
         cprint(
             f'{CMARK} FLATTEN (OpTree vs. JAX XLA): '
             f'optree.tree_leaves(tree, none_is_leaf=False)'
@@ -462,9 +463,7 @@ def check(tree: Any) -> None:
 
     optree_flat = optree.tree_leaves(tree, none_is_leaf=True)
     torch_flat = torch_utils_pytree.tree_flatten(tree)[0]
-    if len(optree_flat) == len(torch_flat) and all(
-        map(lambda a, b: a is b, optree_flat, torch_flat),
-    ):
+    if len(optree_flat) == len(torch_flat) and all(map(operator.is_, optree_flat, torch_flat)):
         cprint(
             f'{CMARK} FLATTEN (OpTree vs. PyTorch): '
             f'optree.tree_leaves(tree, none_is_leaf=True)'
diff --git a/optree/integration/jax.py b/optree/integration/jax.py
index 7ff34e57..d658c5f6 100644
--- a/optree/integration/jax.py
+++ b/optree/integration/jax.py
@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import contextlib
 import itertools
+import operator
 import warnings
 from types import FunctionType
 from typing import Any, Callable
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ def __hash__(self) -> int:
             (
                 self.func.__code__,  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
                 self.args,
-                tuple(total_order_sorted(self.kwargs.items(), key=lambda kv: kv[0])),
+                tuple(total_order_sorted(self.kwargs.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(0))),
             ),
         )
 
@@ -101,11 +103,9 @@ def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
         return self.func(*self.args, *args, **kwargs)
 
 
-try:  # noqa: SIM105 # pragma: no cover
-    # pylint: disable=ungrouped-imports
+with contextlib.suppress(ImportError):  # pragma: no cover
+    # pylint: disable-next=ungrouped-imports
     from jax._src.util import HashablePartial  # type: ignore[assignment] # noqa: F811,RUF100
-except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
-    pass
 
 
 def tree_ravel(
diff --git a/optree/registry.py b/optree/registry.py
index 1fc5b929..e4129f40 100644
--- a/optree/registry.py
+++ b/optree/registry.py
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 import inspect
 import sys
 from collections import OrderedDict, defaultdict, deque, namedtuple
-from operator import methodcaller
+from operator import itemgetter, methodcaller
 from threading import Lock
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ def unregister_pytree_node(
 
 
 def _sorted_items(items: Iterable[tuple[KT, VT]]) -> list[tuple[KT, VT]]:
-    return total_order_sorted(items, key=lambda kv: kv[0])
+    return total_order_sorted(items, key=itemgetter(0))
 
 
 def _sorted_keys(dct: dict[KT, VT]) -> list[KT]:
diff --git a/tests/helpers.py b/tests/helpers.py
index e2b23a00..ecc6ca47 100644
--- a/tests/helpers.py
+++ b/tests/helpers.py
@@ -228,6 +228,9 @@ def __int__(self):
     def __eq__(self, other):
         return isinstance(other, Counter) and self.count == other.count
 
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.count)
+
     def __repr__(self):
         return f'Counter({self.count})'
 
diff --git a/tests/test_ops.py b/tests/test_ops.py
index 4afbcc93..ac1e4610 100644
--- a/tests/test_ops.py
+++ b/tests/test_ops.py
@@ -1655,8 +1655,8 @@ def test_broadcast_common():
 
 
 def test_tree_reduce():
-    assert optree.tree_reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, {'x': 1, 'y': (2, 3)}) == 6
-    assert optree.tree_reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, {'x': 1, 'y': (2, None), 'z': 3}) == 6
+    assert optree.tree_reduce(operator.add, {'x': 1, 'y': (2, 3)}) == 6
+    assert optree.tree_reduce(operator.add, {'x': 1, 'y': (2, None), 'z': 3}) == 6
     assert optree.tree_reduce(lambda x, y: x and y, {'x': 1, 'y': (2, None), 'z': 3}) == 3
     assert (
         optree.tree_reduce(
@@ -1699,7 +1699,7 @@ def test_tree_max():
         optree.tree_max({})
     assert optree.tree_max({}, default=0) == 0
     assert optree.tree_max({'x': 0, 'y': (2, 1)}) == 2
-    assert optree.tree_max({'x': 0, 'y': (2, 1)}, key=lambda x: -x) == 0
+    assert optree.tree_max({'x': 0, 'y': (2, 1)}, key=operator.neg) == 0
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='empty'):
         optree.tree_max({'a': None})
     assert optree.tree_max({'a': None}, default=0) == 0
@@ -1708,9 +1708,9 @@ def test_tree_max():
         optree.tree_max(None)
     assert optree.tree_max(None, default=0) == 0
     assert optree.tree_max(None, none_is_leaf=True) is None
-    assert optree.tree_max(None, default=0, key=lambda x: -x) == 0
+    assert optree.tree_max(None, default=0, key=operator.neg) == 0
     with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=re.escape("bad operand type for unary -: 'NoneType'")):
-        assert optree.tree_max(None, default=0, key=lambda x: -x, none_is_leaf=True) is None
+        assert optree.tree_max(None, default=0, key=operator.neg, none_is_leaf=True) is None
 
 
 def test_tree_min():
@@ -1718,7 +1718,7 @@ def test_tree_min():
         optree.tree_min({})
     assert optree.tree_min({}, default=0) == 0
     assert optree.tree_min({'x': 0, 'y': (2, 1)}) == 0
-    assert optree.tree_min({'x': 0, 'y': (2, 1)}, key=lambda x: -x) == 2
+    assert optree.tree_min({'x': 0, 'y': (2, 1)}, key=operator.neg) == 2
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='empty'):
         optree.tree_min({'a': None})
     assert optree.tree_min({'a': None}, default=0) == 0
@@ -1727,9 +1727,9 @@ def test_tree_min():
         optree.tree_min(None)
     assert optree.tree_min(None, default=0) == 0
     assert optree.tree_min(None, none_is_leaf=True) is None
-    assert optree.tree_min(None, default=0, key=lambda x: -x) == 0
+    assert optree.tree_min(None, default=0, key=operator.neg) == 0
     with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=re.escape("bad operand type for unary -: 'NoneType'")):
-        assert optree.tree_min(None, default=0, key=lambda x: -x, none_is_leaf=True) is None
+        assert optree.tree_min(None, default=0, key=operator.neg, none_is_leaf=True) is None
 
 
 def test_tree_all():
@@ -1785,7 +1785,7 @@ def test_tree_flatten_one_level(tree, none_is_leaf, namespace):  # noqa: C901
                 namespace=namespace,
             )
             assert children == expected_children
-            if node_type in (type(None), tuple, list):
+            if node_type in {type(None), tuple, list}:
                 assert metadata is None
                 if node_type is tuple:
                     assert one_level_treespec.kind == optree.PyTreeKind.TUPLE
diff --git a/tests/test_prefix_errors.py b/tests/test_prefix_errors.py
index df2a74d2..8bdf73b3 100644
--- a/tests/test_prefix_errors.py
+++ b/tests/test_prefix_errors.py
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ def shuffle_dictionary(x):
     shuffled_tree = optree.tree_map(
         shuffle_dictionary,
         tree,
-        is_leaf=lambda x: type(x) in (dict, OrderedDict, defaultdict),
+        is_leaf=lambda x: type(x) in {dict, OrderedDict, defaultdict},
         none_is_leaf=none_is_leaf,
         namespace=namespace,
     )
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ def shuffle_dictionary(x):
     shuffled_suffix_tree = optree.tree_map(
         shuffle_dictionary,
         suffix_tree,
-        is_leaf=lambda x: type(x) in (dict, OrderedDict, defaultdict),
+        is_leaf=lambda x: type(x) in {dict, OrderedDict, defaultdict},
         none_is_leaf=none_is_leaf,
         namespace=namespace,
     )
diff --git a/tests/test_treespec.py b/tests/test_treespec.py
index 413b3c4a..6adec221 100644
--- a/tests/test_treespec.py
+++ b/tests/test_treespec.py
@@ -859,7 +859,7 @@ def test_treespec_constructor(tree, none_is_leaf, namespace):  # noqa: C901
                     == expected_treespec
                 )
 
-                if node_type in (type(None), tuple, list):
+                if node_type in {type(None), tuple, list}:
                     if node_type is tuple:
                         assert (
                             optree.treespec_tuple(
diff --git a/tests/test_utils.py b/tests/test_utils.py
index fe35335c..62cc2a61 100644
--- a/tests/test_utils.py
+++ b/tests/test_utils.py
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 
 # pylint: disable=missing-function-docstring,invalid-name
 
+import operator
+
 import pytest
 
 from optree.utils import safe_zip, total_order_sorted, unzip2
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ def test_total_order_sorted():
     assert total_order_sorted([1, 5, 4.5, '20', '3']) == [4.5, 1, 5, '20', '3']
     assert total_order_sorted(
         {1: 1, 5: 2, 4.5: 3, '20': 4, '3': 5}.items(),
-        key=lambda kv: kv[0],
+        key=operator.itemgetter(0),
     ) == [(4.5, 3), (1, 1), (5, 2), ('20', 4), ('3', 5)]
 
     class NonSortable: