diff --git a/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php b/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php
index 58f5b89e064e..8c31eb26c103 100755
--- a/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php
+++ b/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php
@@ -836,7 +836,9 @@ protected function resolve($abstract, $parameters = [], $raiseEvents = true)
         // Before returning, we will also set the resolved flag to "true" and pop off
         // the parameter overrides for this build. After those two things are done
         // we will be ready to return back the fully constructed class instance.
-        $this->resolved[$abstract] = true;
+        if (! $needsContextualBuild) {
+            $this->resolved[$abstract] = true;
+        }
 
         array_pop($this->with);
 
diff --git a/tests/Container/ContainerExtendTest.php b/tests/Container/ContainerExtendTest.php
index a34c5c6ef9d6..0f89a54fd902 100644
--- a/tests/Container/ContainerExtendTest.php
+++ b/tests/Container/ContainerExtendTest.php
@@ -187,6 +187,43 @@ public function testUnsetExtend()
 
         $this->assertSame('foo', $container->make('foo'));
     }
+
+    public function testExtendContextualBinding()
+    {
+        $container = new Container();
+        $container->when(ContainerExtendConsumesInterfaceStub::class)
+            ->needs(ContainerExtendInterfaceStub::class)
+            ->give(fn () => new ContainerExtendInterfaceImplementationStub('foo'));
+
+        $container->extend(ContainerExtendInterfaceStub::class, function ($instance) {
+            self::assertInstanceOf(ContainerExtendInterfaceImplementationStub::class, $instance);
+            self::assertSame('foo', $instance->value);
+
+            return new ContainerExtendInterfaceImplementationStub('bar');
+        });
+
+        self::assertSame('bar', $container->make(ContainerExtendConsumesInterfaceStub::class)->stub->value);
+    }
+
+    // https://github.com/laravel/framework/issues/53501
+    public function testExtendContextualBindingAfterResolution()
+    {
+        $container = new Container();
+        $container->when(ContainerExtendConsumesInterfaceStub::class)
+            ->needs(ContainerExtendInterfaceStub::class)
+            ->give(fn () => new ContainerExtendInterfaceImplementationStub('foo'));
+
+        $container->make(ContainerExtendConsumesInterfaceStub::class);
+
+        $container->extend(ContainerExtendInterfaceStub::class, function ($instance) {
+            self::assertInstanceOf(ContainerExtendInterfaceImplementationStub::class, $instance);
+            self::assertSame('foo', $instance->value);
+
+            return new ContainerExtendInterfaceImplementationStub('bar');
+        });
+
+        self::assertSame('bar', $container->make(ContainerExtendConsumesInterfaceStub::class)->stub->value);
+    }
 }
 
 class ContainerLazyExtendStub
@@ -198,3 +235,23 @@ public function init()
         static::$initialized = true;
     }
 }
+
+interface ContainerExtendInterfaceStub
+{
+}
+
+class ContainerExtendInterfaceImplementationStub implements ContainerExtendInterfaceStub
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public string $value,
+    ) {
+    }
+}
+
+class ContainerExtendConsumesInterfaceStub
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public ContainerExtendInterfaceStub $stub,
+    ) {
+    }
+}