chown cgroup to process uid in container namespace

Delegating cgroups to the container enables more complex workloads,
including systemd-based workloads.  The OCI runtime-spec was
recently updated to explicitly admit such delegation, through
specification of cgroup ownership semantics:

  opencontainers/runtime-spec#1123

Pursuant to the updated OCI runtime-spec, change the ownership of
the container's cgroup directory and particular files therein, when
using cgroups v2 and when the cgroupfs is to be mounted read/write.

As a result of this change, systemd workloads can run in isolated
user namespaces on OpenShift when the sandbox's cgroupfs is mounted
read/write.

It might be possible to implement this feature in other cgroup
managers, but that work is deferred.

Signed-off-by: Fraser Tweedale <ftweedal@redhat.com>

libcontainer/cgroups/systemd/v2.go

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 package systemd
 
 import (
+	"bufio"
 	"fmt"
 	"math"
+	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -288,6 +290,36 @@ func (m *unifiedManager) Apply(pid int) error {
 	if err := fs2.CreateCgroupPath(m.path, m.cgroups); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+
+	if c.OwnerUID != nil {
+		// The kernel exposes a list of files that should chowned to
+		// the delegate uid in /sys/kernel/cgroup/delegate.  If the
+		// file is not present (Linux < 4.15), use the initial
+		// values mentioned in in cgroups(7).
+		filesToChown := []string{"."} // the directory itself must be chowned
+		cgroupDelegateFile := "/sys/kernel/cgroup/delegate"
+		f, err := os.Open(cgroupDelegateFile)
+		if err == nil {
+			defer f.Close()
+			scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
+			for scanner.Scan() {
+				filesToChown = append(filesToChown, scanner.Text())
+			}
+			if err := scanner.Err(); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("error reading %s: %w", cgroupDelegateFile, err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			filesToChown = append(filesToChown, "cgroup.procs", "cgroup.subtree_control", "cgroup.threads")
+		}
+
+		for _, v := range filesToChown {
+			err := os.Chown(m.path+"/"+v, *c.OwnerUID, -1)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 

libcontainer/configs/cgroup_linux.go

@@ -41,6 +41,13 @@ type Cgroup struct {
 
 	// Rootless tells if rootless cgroups should be used.
 	Rootless bool
+
+	// The host UID that should own the cgroup, or nil to accept
+	// the default ownership.  This should only be set when the
+	// cgroupfs is to be mounted read/write.
+	// Not all cgroup manager implementations support changing
+	// the ownership.
+	OwnerUID *int `json:"owner_uid,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type Resources struct {

libcontainer/specconv/spec_linux.go

@@ -366,6 +366,49 @@ func CreateLibcontainerConfig(opts *CreateOpts) (*configs.Config, error) {
 			}
 		}
 	}
+
+	// Set the host UID that should own the container's cgroup.
+	// This must be performed after setupUserNamespace, so that
+	// config.HostRootUID() returns the correct result.
+	//
+	// Only set it if the container will have its own cgroup
+	// namespace and the cgroupfs will be mounted read/write.
+	//
+	hasCgroupNS := config.Namespaces.Contains(configs.NEWCGROUP) && config.Namespaces.PathOf(configs.NEWCGROUP) == ""
+	hasRwCgroupfs := false
+	if hasCgroupNS {
+		for _, m := range config.Mounts {
+			if m.Source == "cgroup" && m.Destination == "/sys/fs/cgroup" && (m.Flags&unix.MS_RDONLY) == 0 {
+				hasRwCgroupfs = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	processUid := 0
+	if spec.Process != nil {
+		// Chown the cgroup to the UID running the process,
+		// which is not necessarily UID 0 in the container
+		// namespace (e.g., an unprivileged UID in the host
+		// user namespace).
+		processUid = int(spec.Process.User.UID)
+	}
+	if hasCgroupNS && hasRwCgroupfs {
+		ownerUid, err := config.HostUID(processUid)
+		// There are two error cases; we can ignore both.
+		//
+		// 1. uidMappings is unset.  Either there is no user
+		//    namespace (fine), or it is an error (which is
+		//    checked elsewhere).
+		//
+		// 2. The user is unmapped in the user namespace.  This is an
+		//    unusual configuration and might be an error.  But it too
+		//    will be checked elsewhere, so we can ignore it here.
+		//
+		if err == nil {
+			config.Cgroups.OwnerUID = &ownerUid
+		}
+	}
+
 	if spec.Process != nil {
 		config.OomScoreAdj = spec.Process.OOMScoreAdj
 		config.NoNewPrivileges = spec.Process.NoNewPrivileges

tests/integration/cgroups.bats

@@ -119,6 +119,89 @@ function setup() {
 	#
 }
 
+@test "runc exec (cgroup v2, ro cgroupfs, new cgroupns) does not chown cgroup" {
+	requires root cgroups_v2 systemd
+
+	set_cgroups_path
+
+	# configure a user namespace
+	update_config 	' .linux.namespaces += [{"type": "user"}]
+			| .linux.uidMappings += [{"hostID": 100000, "containerID": 0, "size": 65536}]
+			| .linux.gidMappings += [{"hostID": 100000, "containerID": 0, "size": 65536}]
+			'
+
+	# chown test temp dir to allow host user to read it
+	chown 100000 "$ROOT"
+
+	# chown rootfs to allow host user to mkdir mount points
+	chown 100000 "$ROOT"/bundle/rootfs
+
+	runc run -d --console-socket "$CONSOLE_SOCKET" test_cgroup_chown
+	[ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+
+	runc exec test_cgroup_chown sh -c "stat -c %U /sys/fs/cgroup"
+	[ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+	[ "$output" = "nobody" ] # /sys/fs/cgroup owned by unmapped user
+}
+
+@test "runc exec (cgroup v2, rw cgroupfs, inh cgroupns) does not chown cgroup" {
+	requires root cgroups_v2 systemd
+
+	set_cgroups_path
+	set_cgroup_mount_writable
+
+	# configure a user namespace
+	update_config 	' .linux.namespaces += [{"type": "user"}]
+			| .linux.uidMappings += [{"hostID": 100000, "containerID": 0, "size": 65536}]
+			| .linux.gidMappings += [{"hostID": 100000, "containerID": 0, "size": 65536}]
+			'
+
+	# inherit cgroup namespace (remove cgroup from namespaces list)
+	update_config '.linux.namespaces |= map(select(.type != "cgroup"))'
+
+	# chown test temp dir to allow host user to read it
+	chown 100000 "$ROOT"
+
+	# chown rootfs to allow host user to mkdir mount points
+	chown 100000 "$ROOT"/bundle/rootfs
+
+	runc run -d --console-socket "$CONSOLE_SOCKET" test_cgroup_chown
+	[ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+
+	runc exec test_cgroup_chown sh -c "stat -c %U /sys/fs/cgroup"
+	[ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+	[ "$output" = "nobody" ] # /sys/fs/cgroup owned by unmapped user
+}
+
+@test "runc exec (cgroup v2, rw cgroupfs, new cgroupns) does chown cgroup" {
+	requires root cgroups_v2 systemd
+
+	set_cgroups_path
+	set_cgroup_mount_writable
+
+	# configure a user namespace
+	update_config 	' .linux.namespaces += [{"type": "user"}]
+			| .linux.uidMappings += [{"hostID": 100000, "containerID": 0, "size": 65536}]
+			| .linux.gidMappings += [{"hostID": 100000, "containerID": 0, "size": 65536}]
+			'
+
+	# make cgroupfs mount read/write
+	update_config '.mounts |= map(select(.source == "cgroup").options |= map(select(. != "ro")) + ["rw"])'
+
+	# chown test temp dir to allow host user to read it
+	chown 100000 "$ROOT"
+
+	# chown rootfs to allow host user to mkdir mount points
+	chown 100000 "$ROOT"/bundle/rootfs
+
+	runc run -d --console-socket "$CONSOLE_SOCKET" test_cgroup_chown
+	[ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+
+	runc exec test_cgroup_chown sh -c "stat -c %U /sys/fs/cgroup"
+	[ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+	[ "$output" = "root" ] # /sys/fs/cgroup owned by root (of user namespace)
+}
+
 @test "runc run (cgroup v1 + unified resources should fail)" {
 	requires root cgroups_v1