Caluclation of hydro storage carbon intensity

[HolzingerAlexander]

I was recently looking at the emissions of electricity production in Austria and was wondering how hydro storage emissions are calculated. They seem extremely high considering the low carbon intensity of the Austrian grid and the fact that in recent years (2017-2023), production of these plants exceeded their consumption by a factor between 1.5 and 2.2. As stated in other discussions, the intensity is calculated by the average of the carbon intensity of the grid when pumped hydro plants are charging, but this does not consider the fact that a large proportion of produced energy is not pumped water.