From 12c2ae3901b25c6a0343260715022f6cd9b7d30d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: dkoval <koval.dmitriy@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 20 Oct 2024 23:05:01 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Solution to "Parsing A Boolean Expression" problem

---
 .../challenge/ParsingBooleanExpression.java   | 74 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../challenge/ParsingBooleanExpressionTest.kt | 47 ++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 121 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpression.java
 create mode 100644 src/test/kotlin/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpressionTest.kt

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpression.java b/src/main/java/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpression.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8002670e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpression.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package com.github.dkoval.leetcode.challenge;
+
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.Deque;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * <a href="https://leetcode.com/problems/parsing-a-boolean-expression/">Parsing A Boolean Expression (Hard)</a>
+ * <p>
+ * A boolean expression is an expression that evaluates to either true or false. It can be in one of the following shapes:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>'t' that evaluates to true.</li>
+ * <li>'f' that evaluates to false.</li>
+ * <li>'!(subExpr)' that evaluates to the logical NOT of the inner expression subExpr.</li>
+ * <li>'&(subExpr1, subExpr2, ..., subExprn)' that evaluates to the logical AND of the inner expressions subExpr1, subExpr2, ..., subExprn where n >= 1.</li>
+ * <li>'|(subExpr1, subExpr2, ..., subExprn)' that evaluates to the logical OR of the inner expressions subExpr1, subExpr2, ..., subExprn where n >= 1.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * Given a string expression that represents a boolean expression, return the evaluation of that expression.
+ * <p>
+ * It is guaranteed that the given expression is valid and follows the given rules.
+ */
+public interface ParsingBooleanExpression {
+
+    boolean parseBoolExpr(String expression);
+
+    class ParsingBooleanExpressionRev1 implements ParsingBooleanExpression {
+        private static final Set<Character> OPERATORS = Set.of('&', '|', '!');
+        private static final Set<Character> IGNORE = Set.of('(', ',');
+
+        @Override
+        public boolean parseBoolExpr(String expression) {
+            int n = expression.length();
+
+            Deque<Character> stack = new ArrayDeque<>();
+            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+                char c = expression.charAt(i);
+
+                if (IGNORE.contains(c)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (c != ')') {
+                    stack.push(c);
+                } else {
+                    boolean seenTrue = false;
+                    boolean seenFalse = false;
+
+                    while (!OPERATORS.contains(stack.peek())) {
+                        char x = stack.pop();
+                        if (x == 't') {
+                            seenTrue = true;
+                        } else if (x == 'f') {
+                            seenFalse = true;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    char operator = stack.pop();
+
+                    if (operator == '&') {
+                        // logical AND
+                        stack.push(seenFalse ? 'f' : 't');
+                    } else if (operator == '|') {
+                        // logical OR
+                        stack.push(seenTrue ? 't' : 'f');
+                    } else {
+                        // logical NOT
+                        stack.push(seenFalse ? 't' : 'f');
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return stack.peek() == 't';
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/test/kotlin/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpressionTest.kt b/src/test/kotlin/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpressionTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ccb5216
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/kotlin/com/github/dkoval/leetcode/challenge/ParsingBooleanExpressionTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package com.github.dkoval.leetcode.challenge
+
+import com.github.dkoval.leetcode.challenge.ParsingBooleanExpression.ParsingBooleanExpressionRev1
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtensionContext
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ArgumentsProvider
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ArgumentsSource
+import java.util.stream.Stream
+
+internal class ParsingBooleanExpressionTest {
+
+    class InputArgumentsProvider : ArgumentsProvider {
+
+        override fun provideArguments(context: ExtensionContext): Stream<out Arguments> = Stream.of(
+            Arguments.of(
+                "&(|(f))",
+                false
+            ),
+            Arguments.of(
+                "|(f,f,f,t)",
+                true
+            ),
+            Arguments.of(
+                "!(&(f,t))",
+                true
+            )
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Nested
+    inner class ParsingBooleanExpressionRev1Test {
+
+        @ParameterizedTest
+        @ArgumentsSource(InputArgumentsProvider::class)
+        fun `should return the evaluation of the expression`(expression: String, expected: Boolean) {
+            ParsingBooleanExpressionRev1().test(expression, expected)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+private fun ParsingBooleanExpression.test(expression: String, expected: Boolean) {
+    val actual = parseBoolExpr(expression)
+    assertEquals(expected, actual)
+}