JavaScript

Q1. Which operator returns true if the two compared values are not equal?

<>
~
==!
!==

Q2. How is a forEach statement different from a for statement?

Only a for statement uses a callback function.
A for statement is generic, but a forEach statement can be used only with an array.
Only a forEach statement lets you specify your own iterator.
A forEach statement is generic, but a for statement can be used only with an array.

Q3. Review the code below. Which statement calls the addTax function and passes 50 as an argument?

Q3. How would you use this function to find out how much tax should be paid on $50?

function addTax(total) {
  return total * 1.05;
}

addTax = 50;
return addTax 50;
addTax(50);
addTax 50;

Q4. Which statement is the correct way to create a variable called rate and assign it the value 100?

let rate = 100;
let 100 = rate;
100 = let rate;
rate = 100;

Q5. Which statement creates a new object using the Person constructor?

Q5. Which statement creates a new Person object called "student"?

var student = new Person();
var student = construct Person;
var student = Person();
var student = construct Person();

Q6. When would the final statement in the code shown be logged to the console?

let modal = document.querySelector('#result');
setTimeout(function(){
    modal.classList.remove('hidden);
}, 10000);
console.log('Results shown');

after 10 second
after results are received from the HTTP request
after 10000 seconds
immediately

Q7. When would 'results shown' be logged to the console?

let modal = document.querySelector('#results');
setTimeout(function () {
  modal.classList.remove('hidden');
}, 10000);

immediately
after results are received from the HTTP request
after 10 second
after 10,000 seconds

Q8. You've written the code shown to log a set of consecutive values, but it instead results in the value 5, 5, 5, and 5 being logged to the console. Which revised version of the code would result in the value 1, 2, 3 and 4 being logged?

for (var i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
  setTimeout(function () {
    console.log(i);
  }, i * 10000);
}

[ ]

for (var i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
  (function (i) {
    setTimeout(function () {
      console.log(j);
    }, j * 1000);
  })(j);
}

[ ]

while (var i=1; i<=4; i++) {
  setTimeout(function() {
    console.log(i);
    }, i*1000);
}

[x]

for (var i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
  (function (j) {
    setTimeout(function () {
      console.log(j);
    }, j * 1000);
  })(i);
}

[ ]

for (var j = 1; j <= 4; j++) {
  setTimeout(function () {
    console.log(j);
  }, j * 1000);
}

Q9. How does a function create a closure?

It reloads the document whenever the value changes.
It returns a reference to a variable in its parent scope.
It completes execution without returning.
It copies a local variable to the global scope.

Q10. Which statement creates a new function called discountPrice?

[x]

let discountPrice = function (price) {
  return price * 0.85;
};

[ ]

let discountPrice(price) {
  return price * 0.85;
};

[ ]

let function = discountPrice(price) {
  return price * 0.85;
};

[ ]

discountPrice = function (price) {
  return price * 0.85;
};

Q11. What is the result in the console of running the code shown?

var Storm = function () {};
Storm.prototype.precip = 'rain';
var WinterStorm = function () {};
WinterStorm.prototype = new Storm();
WinterStorm.prototype.precip = 'snow';
var bob = new WinterStorm();
console.log(bob.precip);

Storm()
undefined
'rain'
'snow'

Q12. You need to match a time value such as 12:00:32. Which of the following regular expressions would work for your code?

/[0-9]{2,}:[0-9]{2,}:[0-9]{2,}/
/\d\d:\d\d:\d\d/
/[0-9]+:[0-9]+:[0-9]+/
/ : : /

NOTE: The first three are all partially correct and will match digits, but the second option is the most correct because it will only match 2 digit time values (12:00:32). The first option would have worked if the repitions range looked like [0-9]{2}, however because of the comma [0-9]{2,} it will select 2 or more digits (120:000:321). The third option will any range of time digits, single and multiple (meaning 1:2:3 will also match).

More resources:

Repeating characters
Kleene operators

Q13. What is the result in the console of running this code?

'use strict';
function logThis() {
  this.desc = 'logger';
  console.log(this);
}
new logThis();

undefined
window
{desc: "logger"}
function

Q14. How would you reference the text 'avenue' in the code shown?

let roadTypes = ['street', 'road', 'avenue', 'circle'];

roadTypes.2
roadTypes[3]
roadTypes.3
roadTypes[2]

Q15. What is the result of running this statement?

console.log(typeof 42);

'float'
'value'
'number'
'integer'

Q16. Which property references the DOM object that dispatched an event?

self
object
target
source

Q17. You're adding error handling to the code shown. Which code would you include within the if statement to specify an error message?

function addNumbers(x, y) {
  if (isNaN(x) || isNaN(y)) {
  }
}

exception('One or both parameters are not numbers')
catch('One or both parameters are not numbers')
error('One or both parameters are not numbers')
throw('One or both parameters are not numbers')

Q18. Which method converts JSON data to a JavaScript object?

JSON.fromString();
JSON.parse()
JSON.toObject()
JSON.stringify()

Q19. When would you use a conditional statement?

When you want to reuse a set of statements multiple times.
When you want your code to choose between multiple options.
When you want to group data together.
When you want to loop through a group of statement.

Q20. What would be the result in the console of running this code?

for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
  console.log(i);
}

12345
1234
01234
012345

Q21. Which Object method returns an iterable that can be used to iterate over the properties of an object?

Object.get()
Object.loop()
Object.each()
Object.keys()

Q22. What will be logged to the console?

var a = ['dog', 'cat', 'hen'];
a[100] = 'fox';
console.log(a.length);

101
3
4
100

Q23. What is one difference between collections created with Map and collections created with Object?

You can iterate over values in a Map in their insertion order.
You can count the records in a Map with a single method call.
Keys in Maps can be strings.
You can access values in a Map without iterating over the whole collection.

Explanation: Map.prototype.size returns the number of elements in a Map, whereas Object does not have a built-in method to return its size.

Q24. What is the value of dessert.type after executing this code?

const dessert = { type: 'pie' };
dessert.type = 'pudding';

pie
The code will throw an error.
pudding
undefined

Q25. 0 && hi

ReferenceError
True
0
false

Q26. Which of the following operators can be used to do a short-circuit evaluation?

++
--
==
||

Q27. Which statement sets the Person constructor as the parent of the Student constructor in the prototype chain?

Student.parent = Person;
Student.prototype = new Person();
Student.prototype = Person;
Student.prototype = Person();

Q28. Why would you include a "use strict" statement in a JavaScript file?

to tell parsers to interpret your JavaScript syntax loosely
to tell parsers to enforce all JavaScript syntax rules when processing your code
to instruct the browser to automatically fix any errors it finds in the code
to enable ES6 features in your code

Q29. Which Variable-defining keyword allows its variable to be accessed (as undefined) before the line that defines it?

all of them
const
var
let

Q30. Which of the following values is not a Boolean false?

Boolean(0)
Boolean("")
Boolean(NaN)
Boolean("false")

Q31. Which of the following is not a keyword in JavaScript?

this
catch
function
array

Q32. Which variable is an implicit parameter for every function in JavaScript?

Arguments
args
argsArray
argumentsList

Q33. For the following class, how do you get the value of 42 from an instance of X?

class X {
  get Y() {
    return 42;
  }
}

x.get('Y')
x.Y
x.Y()
x.get().Y

Q34. What is the result of running this code?

sum(10, 20);
diff(10, 20);
function sum(x, y) {
  return x + y;
}

let diff = function (x, y) {
  return x - y;
};

30, ReferenceError, 30, -10
30, ReferenceError
30, -10
ReferenceError, -10

Q35. Why is it usually better to work with Objects instead of Arrays to store a collection of records?

Objects are more efficient in terms of storage.
Adding a record to an object is significantly faster than pushing a record into an array.
Most operations involve looking up a record, and objects can do that better than arrays.
Working with objects makes the code more readable.

Explanation: Records in an object can be retrieved using their key which can be any given value (e.g. an employee ID, a city name, etc), whereas to retrieve a record from an array we need to know its index.

Q36. Which statement is true about the "async" attribute for the HTML script tag?

It can be used for both internal and external JavaScript code.
It can be used only for internal JavaScript code.
It can be used only for internal or external JavaScript code that exports a promise.
It can be used only for external JavaScript code.

Q37. How do you import the lodash library making it top-level Api available as the "_" variable?

import _ from 'lodash';
import 'lodash' as _;
import '_' from 'lodash;
import lodash as _ from 'lodash';

Q38. What does the following expression evaluate to?

[] == [];

True
undefined
[]
False

Q39. What is the name of a function whose execution can be suspended and resumed at a later point?

Generator function
Arrow function
Async/ Await function
Promise function

Q40. What will this code print?

var v = 1;
var f1 = function () {
  console.log(v);
};

var f2 = function () {
  var v = 2;
  f1();
};

f2();

2
1
Nothing - this code will throw an error.
undefined

Q41. Which statement is true about Functional Programming?

Every object in the program has to be a function.
Code is grouped with the state it modifies.
Date fields and methods are kept in units.
Side effects are not allowed.

Q42. Your code is producing the error: TypeError: Cannot read property 'reduce' of undefined. What does that mean?

You are calling a method named reduce on an object that's declared but has no value.
You are calling a method named reduce on an object that does not exist.
You are calling a method named reduce on an empty array.
You are calling a method named reduce on an object that's has a null value.

Explanation: You cannot invoke reduce on undefined object... It will throw (yourObject is not Defined...)

Q43. How many prototype objects are in the chain for the following array?

let arr = [];

3
2
0
1

Q44. Which choice is not a unary operator?

typeof
delete
instanceof
void

Q45. What type of scope does the end variable have in the code shown?

var start = 1;
if (start === 1) {
  let end = 2;
}

conditional
block
global
function

Q46. What will the value of y be in this code:

const x = 6 % 2;
const y = x ? 'One' : 'Two';

One
undefined
TRUE
Two

Q47. Which keyword is used to create an error?

throw
exception
catch
error

Q48. What's one difference between the async and defer attributes of the HTML script tag?

The defer attribute can work synchronously.
The defer attribute works only with generators.
The defer attribute works only with promises.
The defer attribute will asynchronously load the scripts in order.

Q49. The following program has a problem. What is it?

var a;
var b = (a = 3) ? true : false;

The condition in the ternary is using the assignment operator.
You can't define a variable without initializing it.
You can't use a ternary in the right-hand side of an assignment operator.
The code is using the deprecated var keyword.

Q50. Which statement references the DOM node created by the code shown?

<p class="pull">lorem ipsum</p>

Document.querySelector('class.pull')
document.querySelector('.pull');
Document.querySelector('pull')
Document.querySelector('#pull')

Q51. What value does this code return?

let answer = true;
if (answer === false) {
  return 0;
} else {
  return 10;
}

10
true
false
0

Q52. What is the result in the console of running the code shown?

var start = 1;
function setEnd() {
  var end = 10;
}
setEnd();
console.log(end);

10
0
ReferenceError
undefined

Q53. What will this code log in the console?

function sayHello() {
  console.log('hello');
}

console.log(sayHello.prototype);

undefined
"hello"
an object with a constructor property
an error message

Q54. Which collection object allows unique value to be inserted only once?

Object
Set
Array
Map

Q55. What two values will this code print?

function printA() {
  console.log(answer);
  var answer = 1;
}
printA();
printA();

1 then 1
1 then undefined
undefined then undefined
undefined then 1

Q56. How does the `forEach()` method differ from a `for` statement?

forEach allows you to specify your own iterator, whereas for does not.
forEach can be used only with strings, whereas for can be used with additional data types.
forEach can be used only with an array, whereas for can be used with additional data types.
for loops can be nested; whereas forEach loops cannot.

Q57. Which choice is an incorrect way to define an arrow function that returns an empty object?

=> ({})
=> {}
=> { return {};}
=> (({}))

Q58. Why might you choose to make your code asynchronous?

to start tasks that might take some time without blocking subsequent tasks from executing immediately
to ensure that tasks further down in your code are not initiated until earlier tasks have completed
to make your code faster
to ensure that the call stack maintains a LIFO (Last in, First Out) structure

EXPLANATION: "to ensure that tasks further down in your code are not initiated until earlier tasks have completed" you use the normal (synchronous) flow where each command is executed sequentially. Asynchronous code allows you to break this sequence: start a long running function (AJAX call to an external service) and continue running the rest of the code in parallel.

Q59. Which expression evaluates to true?

[3] == [3]
3 == '3'
3 != '3'
3 === '3'

Q60. Which of these is a valid variable name?

5thItem
firstName
grand total
function

Q61. Which method cancels event default behavior?

cancel()
stop()
preventDefault()
prevent()

Q62. Which method do you use to attach one DOM node to another?

attachNode()
getNode()
querySelector()
appendChild()

Q63. Which statement is used to skip iteration of the loop?

break
pass
skip
continue

Q64. Which choice is valid example for an arrow function?

(a,b) => c
a, b => {return c;}
a, b => c
{ a, b } => c

Q65. Which concept is defined as a template that can be used to generate different objects that share some shape and/or behavior?

class
generator function
map
proxy

Q66. How do you add a comment to JavaScript code?

! This is a comment
# This is a comment
\\ This is a comment
// This is a comment

Q67. If you attempt to call a value as a function but the value is not a function, what kind of error would you get?

TypeError
SystemError
SyntaxError
LogicError

Q68. Which method is called automatically when an object is initialized?

create()
new()
constructor()
init()

Q69. What is the result of running the statement shown?

let a = 5;
console.log(++a);

4
10
6
5

Q70. You've written the event listener shown below for a form button, but each time you click the button, the page reloads. Which statement would stop this from happening?

button.addEventListener(
  'click',
  function (e) {
    button.className = 'clicked';
  },
  false,
);

e.blockReload();
button.preventDefault();
button.blockReload();
e.preventDefault();

Q71. Which statement represents the starting code converted to an IIFE?

function() { console.log('lorem ipsum'); }()();
function() { console.log('lorem ipsum'); }();
(function() { console.log('lorem ipsum'); })();

Q72. Which statement selects all img elements in the DOM tree?

Document.querySelector('img')
Document.querySelectorAll('<img>')
Document.querySelectorAll('img')
Document.querySelector('<img>')

Q73. Why would you choose an asynchronous structure for your code?

To use ES6 syntax
To start tasks that might take some time without blocking subsequent tasks from executing immediately
To ensure that parsers enforce all JavaScript syntax rules when processing your code
To ensure that tasks further down in your code aren't initiated until earlier tasks have completed

Q74. What is the HTTP verb to request the contents of an existing resource?

DELETE
GET
PATCH
POST

Q75. Which event is fired on a text field within a form when a user tabs to it, or clicks or touches it?

focus
blur
hover
enter

Q76. What is the result in the console of running this code?

function logThis() {
  console.log(this);
}
logThis();

function
undefined
Function.prototype
window

Q77. Which class-based component is equivalent to this function component?

const Greeting = ({ name }) => <h1>Hello {name}!</h1>;

class Greeting extends React.Component { render() { return <h1>Hello {this.props.name}!</h1>; } }
class Greeting extends React.Component { constructor() { return <h1>Hello {this.props.name}!</h1>; } }
class Greeting extends React.Component { <h>Hello {this.props.name}!</h>; } }
class Greeting extends React.Component { render({ name }) { return <h1>Hello {name}!</h1>; } }

Q78. Which class-based lifecycle method would be called at the same time as this effect Hook?

useEffect(() => {
  // do things
}, []);

componentWillUnmount
componentDidUpdate
render
componentDidMount

Q79. What is the output of this code?

var obj;
console.log(obj);

ReferenceError: obj is not defined
{}
undefined
null

Q80. How would you use the TaxCalculator to determine the amount of tax on $50?

class TaxCalculator {
  static calculate(total) {
    return total * 0.05;
  }
}

calculate(50);
new TaxCalculator().calculate($50);
TaxCalculator.calculate(50);
new TaxCalculator().calculate(50);

Q81. What is wrong with this code?

const foo = {
  bar() {
    console.log('Hello, world!');
  },
  name: 'Albert',
  age: 26,
};

The function bar needs to be defined as a key/value pair.
Trailing commas are not allowed in JavaScript.
Functions cannot be declared as properties of objects.
Nothing, there are no errors.

Q82. What wil be logged to the console?

console.log('I');
setTimeout(() => {
  console.log('love');
}, 0);
console.log('Javascript!');

[x]

I
Javascript!
love

[ ]

love
I
Javascript!

The output may change with each execution of code and cannot be determined.
[ ]

I
love
Javascript!

Q83. What will this code log to the console?

const foo = [1, 2, 3];
const [n] = foo;
console.log(n);

1
undefined
NaN
Nothing--this is not proper JavaScript syntax and will throw an error.

Q85. How do you remove the property name from this object?

const foo = {
  name: 'Albert',
};

delete name from foo;
delete foo.name;
del foo.name;
remove foo.name;

Q86. What is the difference between the map() and the forEach() methods on the Array prototype?

There is no difference.
The forEach() method returns a single output value, wheras the map() method performs operation on each value in the array.
The map() methods returns a new array with a transformation applied on each item in the original array, wheras the forEach() method iterates through an array with noreturn value.
The forEach() methods returns a new array with a transformation applied on each item in the original array, wheras the map() method iterates through an array with noreturn value.

Q87. Which concept does this code illustrate?

function makeAdder(x) {
    return function (y) {
        return x + y;
    }
}

var addFive = makeAdder(5);
console.log(addFive(3));

overloading
closure
currying
overriding

Q88. Which tag pair is used in HTML to embed JavaScript?

<script></script>
<js></js>
<javascript></javascript>
<code></code>

Q87. What would be the result in the console of running this code?

for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    console.log(i);
}

0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5

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