diff --git a/libpod/networking_linux.go b/libpod/networking_linux.go
index f490ac626eb1..e55e9d1143d0 100644
--- a/libpod/networking_linux.go
+++ b/libpod/networking_linux.go
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/containers/podman/v4/pkg/resolvconf"
 	"github.com/containers/podman/v4/pkg/rootless"
 	"github.com/containers/podman/v4/pkg/util"
+	"github.com/containers/podman/v4/utils"
 	"github.com/containers/storage/pkg/lockfile"
 	"github.com/opencontainers/selinux/go-selinux/label"
 	"github.com/pkg/errors"
@@ -495,6 +496,12 @@ func (r *Runtime) GetRootlessNetNs(new bool) (*RootlessNetNS, error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 
+		// move to systemd scope to prevent systemd from killing it
+		err = utils.MoveRootlessNetnsSlirpProcessToUserSlice(cmd.Process.Pid)
+		if err != nil {
+			logrus.Errorf("failed to move the rootless netns slirp4netns process to the systemd user.slice: %v", err)
+		}
+
 		// build a new resolv.conf file which uses the slirp4netns dns server address
 		resolveIP, err := GetSlirp4netnsDNS(nil)
 		if err != nil {
diff --git a/test/system/250-systemd.bats b/test/system/250-systemd.bats
index c476799045e4..3847d951062b 100644
--- a/test/system/250-systemd.bats
+++ b/test/system/250-systemd.bats
@@ -281,4 +281,34 @@ LISTEN_FDNAMES=listen_fdnames" | sort)
     is "$output" "" "output should be empty"
 }
 
+# https://github.com/containers/podman/issues/13153
+@test "podman rootless-netns slirp4netns process should be in different cgroup" {
+    is_rootless || skip "only meaningful for rootless"
+
+    cname=$(random_string)
+    local netname=testnet-$(random_string 10)
+
+    # create network and container with network
+    run_podman network create $netname
+    run_podman create --name $cname --network $netname $IMAGE top
+
+    # run container in systemd unit
+    service_setup
+
+    # run second container with network
+    cname2=$(random_string)
+    run_podman run -d --name $cname2 --network $netname $IMAGE top
+
+    # stop systemd container
+    service_cleanup
+
+    # now check that the rootless netns slirp4netns process is still alive and working
+    run_podman unshare --rootless-netns ip addr
+    is "$output" ".*tap0.*" "slirp4netns interface exists in the netns"
+    run_podman exec $cname2 nslookup google.com
+
+    run_podman rm -f -t0 $cname2
+    run_podman network rm -f $netname
+}
+
 # vim: filetype=sh
diff --git a/utils/utils.go b/utils/utils.go
index 52586b937b0a..22f0cb12f3a7 100644
--- a/utils/utils.go
+++ b/utils/utils.go
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ func RunsOnSystemd() bool {
 	return runsOnSystemd
 }
 
-func moveProcessToScope(pidPath, slice, scope string) error {
+func moveProcessPIDFileToScope(pidPath, slice, scope string) error {
 	data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pidPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		// do not raise an error if the file doesn't exist
@@ -187,18 +187,32 @@ func moveProcessToScope(pidPath, slice, scope string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrapf(err, "cannot parse pid file %s", pidPath)
 	}
-	err = RunUnderSystemdScope(int(pid), slice, scope)
 
+	return moveProcessToScope(int(pid), slice, scope)
+}
+
+func moveProcessToScope(pid int, slice, scope string) error {
+	err := RunUnderSystemdScope(int(pid), slice, scope)
 	// If the PID is not valid anymore, do not return an error.
 	if dbusErr, ok := err.(dbus.Error); ok {
 		if dbusErr.Name == "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.UnixProcessIdUnknown" {
 			return nil
 		}
 	}
-
 	return err
 }
 
+// MoveRootlessNetnsSlirpProcessToUserSlice moves the slirp4netns process for the rootless netns
+// into a different scope so that systemd does not kill it with a container.
+func MoveRootlessNetnsSlirpProcessToUserSlice(pid int) error {
+	randBytes := make([]byte, 4)
+	_, err := rand.Read(randBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return moveProcessToScope(pid, "user.slice", fmt.Sprintf("rootless-netns-%x.scope", randBytes))
+}
+
 // MovePauseProcessToScope moves the pause process used for rootless mode to keep the namespaces alive to
 // a separate scope.
 func MovePauseProcessToScope(pausePidPath string) {
@@ -211,7 +225,7 @@ func MovePauseProcessToScope(pausePidPath string) {
 			logrus.Errorf("failed to read random bytes: %v", err)
 			continue
 		}
-		err = moveProcessToScope(pausePidPath, "user.slice", fmt.Sprintf("podman-pause-%x.scope", randBytes))
+		err = moveProcessPIDFileToScope(pausePidPath, "user.slice", fmt.Sprintf("podman-pause-%x.scope", randBytes))
 		if err == nil {
 			return
 		}