diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index cd3c94b39..c231770ad 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -15,7 +15,20 @@ project(celerity_runtime VERSION ${Celerity_VERSION} LANGUAGES CXX)
 set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY USE_FOLDERS ON)
 set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
 
+if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+  set(ENABLE_ACC_CHECK ON)
+else()
+  set(ENABLE_ACC_CHECK OFF)
+endif()
+
 option(CELERITY_USE_MIMALLOC "Use the mimalloc memory allocator" ON)
+option(CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK "Enable accessor boundary check" ${ENABLE_ACC_CHECK})
+
+if(CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK)
+  message(STATUS "Accessor boundary check enabled - this will impact kernel performance")
+endif()
+
+unset(ENABLE_ACC_CHECK)
 
 set(CELERITY_CMAKE_DIR "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake")
 set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}" "${CELERITY_CMAKE_DIR}")
@@ -313,6 +326,7 @@ target_compile_definitions(celerity_runtime PUBLIC
   CELERITY_FEATURE_UNNAMED_KERNELS=$<BOOL:${CELERITY_FEATURE_UNNAMED_KERNELS}>
   CELERITY_DETAIL_HAS_NAMED_THREADS=$<BOOL:${CELERITY_DETAIL_HAS_NAMED_THREADS}>
   CELERITY_DETAIL_IS_OLD_COMPUTECPP_COMPILER=$<BOOL:${CELERITY_DETAIL_IS_OLD_COMPUTECPP_COMPILER}>
+  CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK=$<BOOL:${CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK}>
 )
 
 # Collect version information from git in src/version.cc. This target is always out of date, but the timestamp
diff --git a/include/accessor.h b/include/accessor.h
index 61c03e866..22cc1afef 100644
--- a/include/accessor.h
+++ b/include/accessor.h
@@ -254,12 +254,23 @@ class accessor<DataT, Dims, Mode, target::device> : public detail::accessor_base
 	}
 
 	template <access_mode M = Mode>
-	inline std::enable_if_t<detail::access::mode_traits::is_producer(M), DataT&> operator[](const id<Dims>& index) const {
-		return m_device_ptr[get_linear_offset(index)];
-	}
-
-	template <access_mode M = Mode>
-	inline std::enable_if_t<detail::access::mode_traits::is_pure_consumer(M), const DataT&> operator[](const id<Dims>& index) const {
+	inline std::conditional_t<detail::access::mode_traits::is_producer(M), DataT&, const DataT&> operator[](const id<Dims>& index) const {
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+		// We currently don't support boundary checking for accessors created using accessor_testspy::make_device_accessor,
+		// which does not set m_oob_indices.
+		if(m_oob_indices != nullptr) {
+			const id<Dims> all_true = detail::id_cast<Dims>(id<3>(true, true, true));
+			const bool is_within_bounds_lo = (index >= m_accessed_virtual_subrange.offset) == all_true;
+			const bool is_within_bounds_hi = (index < (m_accessed_virtual_subrange.offset + m_accessed_virtual_subrange.range)) == all_true;
+			if((!is_within_bounds_lo || !is_within_bounds_hi)) {
+				for(int d = 0; d < Dims; ++d) {
+					sycl::atomic_ref<size_t, sycl::memory_order::relaxed, sycl::memory_scope::device>{m_oob_indices[0][d]}.fetch_min(index[d]);
+					sycl::atomic_ref<size_t, sycl::memory_order::relaxed, sycl::memory_scope::device>{m_oob_indices[1][d]}.fetch_max(index[d] + 1);
+				}
+				return m_oob_fallback_value;
+			}
+		}
+#endif
 		return m_device_ptr[get_linear_offset(index)];
 	}
 
@@ -311,6 +322,12 @@ class accessor<DataT, Dims, Mode, target::device> : public detail::accessor_base
 	DataT* m_device_ptr = nullptr;
 	CELERITY_DETAIL_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS id<Dims> m_backing_buffer_offset;
 	CELERITY_DETAIL_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS range<Dims> m_backing_buffer_range = detail::zero_range;
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+	id<3>* m_oob_indices = nullptr;
+	subrange<Dims> m_accessed_virtual_subrange = {};
+	// This value (or a reference to it) is returned for all out-of-bounds accesses.
+	mutable DataT m_oob_fallback_value = DataT{};
+#endif
 
 	template <typename Functor>
 	accessor(const ctor_internal_tag /* tag */, const buffer<DataT, Dims>& buff, handler& cgh, const Functor& rmfn) {
@@ -340,6 +357,10 @@ class accessor<DataT, Dims, Mode, target::device> : public detail::accessor_base
 		m_device_ptr = other.m_device_ptr;
 		m_backing_buffer_offset = other.m_backing_buffer_offset;
 		m_backing_buffer_range = other.m_backing_buffer_range;
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+		m_oob_indices = other.m_oob_indices;
+		m_accessed_virtual_subrange = other.m_accessed_virtual_subrange;
+#endif
 
 #if !defined(__SYCL_DEVICE_ONLY__)
 		if(detail::is_embedded_hydration_id(m_device_ptr)) {
@@ -352,6 +373,10 @@ class accessor<DataT, Dims, Mode, target::device> : public detail::accessor_base
 				m_device_ptr = static_cast<DataT*>(info.ptr);
 				m_backing_buffer_offset = detail::id_cast<Dims>(info.backing_buffer_offset);
 				m_backing_buffer_range = detail::range_cast<Dims>(info.backing_buffer_range);
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+				m_oob_indices = info.out_of_bounds_indices;
+				m_accessed_virtual_subrange = detail::subrange_cast<Dims>(info.accessed_virtual_subrange);
+#endif
 			}
 		}
 #endif
diff --git a/include/buffer_manager.h b/include/buffer_manager.h
index 3882d1e25..cb4de0b37 100644
--- a/include/buffer_manager.h
+++ b/include/buffer_manager.h
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ namespace detail {
 		using host_buffer_factory = std::function<std::unique_ptr<buffer_storage>(const range<3>&)>;
 
 		struct buffer_info {
+			int dimensions = -1;
 			celerity::range<3> range = {1, 1, 1};
 			size_t element_size = 0;
 			bool is_host_initialized;
@@ -139,7 +140,8 @@ namespace detail {
 					return std::make_unique<device_buffer_storage<DataT, Dims>>(range_cast<Dims>(r), q);
 				};
 				auto host_factory = [](const celerity::range<3>& r) { return std::make_unique<host_buffer_storage<DataT, Dims>>(range_cast<Dims>(r)); };
-				m_buffer_infos.emplace(bid, buffer_info{range, sizeof(DataT), is_host_initialized, {}, std::move(device_factory), std::move(host_factory)});
+				m_buffer_infos.emplace(
+				    bid, buffer_info{Dims, range, sizeof(DataT), is_host_initialized, {}, std::move(device_factory), std::move(host_factory)});
 				m_newest_data_location.emplace(bid, region_map<data_location>(range, data_location::nowhere));
 
 #if defined(CELERITY_DETAIL_ENABLE_DEBUG)
diff --git a/include/closure_hydrator.h b/include/closure_hydrator.h
index 0dbbe9160..90ca5b1cf 100644
--- a/include/closure_hydrator.h
+++ b/include/closure_hydrator.h
@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@ class closure_hydrator {
 		range<3> backing_buffer_range;
 		id<3> backing_buffer_offset;
 		subrange<3> accessed_virtual_subrange;
+
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+		id<3>* out_of_bounds_indices = nullptr;
+#endif
 	};
 
 	closure_hydrator(const closure_hydrator&) = delete;
diff --git a/include/worker_job.h b/include/worker_job.h
index 5966c87aa..e49875eb1 100644
--- a/include/worker_job.h
+++ b/include/worker_job.h
@@ -180,6 +180,10 @@ namespace detail {
 		cl::sycl::event m_event;
 		bool m_submitted = false;
 
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+		std::vector<id<3>*> m_oob_indices_per_accessor;
+#endif
+
 		bool execute(const command_pkg& pkg) override;
 		std::string get_description(const command_pkg& pkg) override;
 	};
diff --git a/src/worker_job.cc b/src/worker_job.cc
index a768af2d6..ad6d5c043 100644
--- a/src/worker_job.cc
+++ b/src/worker_job.cc
@@ -213,7 +213,19 @@ namespace detail {
 				const auto [bid, mode] = access_map.get_nth_access(i);
 				const auto sr = grid_box_to_subrange(access_map.get_requirements_for_nth_access(i, tsk->get_dimensions(), data.sr, tsk->get_global_size()));
 				const auto info = m_buffer_mngr.access_device_buffer(bid, mode, sr);
+
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+				auto* const oob_idx = sycl::malloc_shared<id<3>>(2, m_queue.get_sycl_queue());
+				assert(oob_idx != nullptr);
+				constexpr size_t size_t_max = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
+				const auto buffer_dims = m_buffer_mngr.get_buffer_info(bid).dimensions;
+				oob_idx[0] = id<3>{size_t_max, buffer_dims > 1 ? size_t_max : 0, buffer_dims == 3 ? size_t_max : 0};
+				oob_idx[1] = id<3>{1, 1, 1};
+				m_oob_indices_per_accessor.push_back(oob_idx);
+				accessor_infos.push_back(closure_hydrator::accessor_info{info.ptr, info.backing_buffer_range, info.backing_buffer_offset, sr, oob_idx});
+#else
 				accessor_infos.push_back(closure_hydrator::accessor_info{info.ptr, info.backing_buffer_range, info.backing_buffer_offset, sr});
+#endif
 			}
 
 			for(size_t i = 0; i < reductions.size(); ++i) {
@@ -233,9 +245,27 @@ namespace detail {
 		const auto status = m_event.get_info<cl::sycl::info::event::command_execution_status>();
 		if(status == cl::sycl::info::event_command_status::complete) {
 			m_buffer_mngr.unlock(pkg.cid);
-
 			const auto data = std::get<execution_data>(pkg.data);
 			auto tsk = m_task_mngr.get_task(data.tid);
+
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+			for(size_t i = 0; i < m_oob_indices_per_accessor.size(); ++i) {
+				const id<3>& oob_min = m_oob_indices_per_accessor[i][0];
+				const id<3>& oob_max = m_oob_indices_per_accessor[i][1];
+
+				if(oob_max != id<3>{1, 1, 1}) {
+					const auto& access_map = tsk->get_buffer_access_map();
+					const auto acc_sr =
+					    grid_box_to_subrange(access_map.get_requirements_for_nth_access(i, tsk->get_dimensions(), data.sr, tsk->get_global_size()));
+					const auto oob_sr = subrange<3>(oob_min, range_cast<3>(oob_max - oob_min));
+					CELERITY_ERROR("Out-of-bounds access in kernel '{}' detected: Accessor {} for buffer {} attempted to access indices between {} which are "
+					               "outside of mapped subrange {}",
+					    tsk->get_debug_name(), i, access_map.get_nth_access(i).first, oob_sr, acc_sr);
+				}
+				sycl::free(m_oob_indices_per_accessor[i], m_queue.get_sycl_queue());
+			}
+#endif
+
 			for(const auto& reduction : tsk->get_reductions()) {
 				const auto element_size = m_buffer_mngr.get_buffer_info(reduction.bid).element_size;
 				auto operand = make_uninitialized_payload<std::byte>(element_size);
diff --git a/test/accessor_tests.cc b/test/accessor_tests.cc
index 288eda9fa..f273526e7 100644
--- a/test/accessor_tests.cc
+++ b/test/accessor_tests.cc
@@ -534,6 +534,9 @@ namespace detail {
 
 	TEST_CASE("0-dimensional accessors are pointer-sized", "[accessor]") {
 		if(!CELERITY_DETAIL_HAS_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS) SKIP("[[no_unique_address]] not available on this compiler");
+#if CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+		SKIP("no accessor size guarantees when CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK=1.");
+#endif
 
 		// these checks are not static_asserts because they depend on an (optional) compiler layout optimization
 		CHECK(sizeof(accessor<int, 0, access_mode::read, target::device>) == sizeof(int*));
@@ -641,5 +644,40 @@ namespace detail {
 		sycl::free(result, q.get_sycl_queue());
 	}
 
+	template <int>
+	class oob_fixture : public test_utils::runtime_fixture {};
+
+	template <int>
+	class acc_out_of_bounds_kernel {};
+
+	TEMPLATE_TEST_CASE_METHOD_SIG(oob_fixture, "accessor reports out-of-bounds accesses", "[accessor][oob]", ((int Dims), Dims), 1, 2, 3) {
+#if !CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK
+		SKIP("CELERITY_ACCESSOR_BOUNDARY_CHECK=0");
+#endif
+
+		buffer<int, Dims> buff(range_cast<Dims>(range<3>{10, 20, 30}));
+		const auto accessible_sr = subrange_cast<Dims>(subrange<3>{{5, 10, 15}, {1, 2, 3}});
+		const auto oob_idx_lo = id_cast<Dims>(id<3>{1, 2, 3});
+		const auto oob_idx_hi = id_cast<Dims>(id<3>{7, 13, 25});
+		distr_queue q;
+
+		celerity::test_utils::log_capture lc;
+
+		q.submit([&](handler& cgh) {
+			accessor acc(buff, cgh, celerity::access::fixed(accessible_sr), celerity::write_only, celerity::no_init);
+			cgh.parallel_for<acc_out_of_bounds_kernel<Dims>>(range<Dims>(unit_range), [=](item<Dims>) {
+				acc[oob_idx_lo] = 0;
+				acc[oob_idx_hi] = 0;
+			});
+		});
+		q.slow_full_sync();
+
+		const auto attempted_sr = subrange<3>{id_cast<3>(oob_idx_lo), range_cast<3>(oob_idx_hi - oob_idx_lo + id_cast<Dims>(range<Dims>(unit_range)))};
+		const auto error_message = fmt::format("Out-of-bounds access in kernel 'acc_out_of_bounds_kernel<{}>' detected: Accessor 0 for buffer 0 attempted to "
+		                                       "access indices between {} which are outside of mapped subrange {}",
+		    Dims, attempted_sr, subrange_cast<3>(accessible_sr));
+		CHECK_THAT(lc.get_log(), Catch::Matchers::ContainsSubstring(error_message));
+	}
+
 } // namespace detail
 } // namespace celerity