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Local_Realignment_around_Indels.md

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Local Realignment around Indels

By delangel

For a discussion of the implications of removing indel realignment from workflows, see Blog#7847 from June 2016.

Realigner Target Creator

For a complete, detailed argument reference, refer to the GATK document page here.


Indel Realigner

For a complete, detailed argument reference, refer to the GATK document page here.


Running the Indel Realigner only at known sites

While we advocate for using the Indel Realigner over an aggregated bam using the full Smith-Waterman alignment algorithm, it will work for just a single lane of sequencing data when run in -knownsOnly mode. Novel sites obviously won't be cleaned up, but the majority of a single individual's short indels will already have been seen in dbSNP and/or 1000 Genomes. One would employ the known-only/lane-level realignment strategy in a large-scale project (e.g. 1000 Genomes) where computation time is severely constrained and limited. We modify the example arguments from above to reflect the command-lines necessary for known-only/lane-level cleaning.

The RealignerTargetCreator step would need to be done just once for a single set of indels; so as long as the set of known indels doesn't change, the output.intervals file from below would never need to be recalculated. 

 java -Xmx1g -jar /path/to/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar \
  -T RealignerTargetCreator \
  -R /path/to/reference.fasta \
  -o /path/to/output.intervals \
  -known /path/to/indel_calls.vcf

The IndelRealigner step needs to be run on every bam file. 

java -Xmx4g -Djava.io.tmpdir=/path/to/tmpdir \
  -jar /path/to/GenomeAnalysisTK.jar \
  -I <lane-level.bam> \
  -R <ref.fasta> \
  -T IndelRealigner \
  -targetIntervals <intervalListFromStep1Above.intervals> \
  -o <realignedBam.bam> \
  -known /path/to/indel_calls.vcf
  --consensusDeterminationModel KNOWNS_ONLY \
  -LOD 0.4