diff --git a/graphql/rules.lua b/graphql/rules.lua
index 83a4213..956ced8 100644
--- a/graphql/rules.lua
+++ b/graphql/rules.lua
@@ -31,13 +31,16 @@ end
 function rules.fieldsDefinedOnType(node, context)
   if context.objects[#context.objects] == false then
     local parent = context.objects[#context.objects - 1]
+    if(parent.__type == 'List') then
+      parent = parent.ofType
+    end
     error('Field "' .. node.name.value .. '" is not defined on type "' .. parent.name .. '"')
   end
 end
 
 function rules.argumentsDefinedOnType(node, context)
   if node.arguments then
-    local parentField = context.objects[#context.objects - 1].fields[node.name.value]
+    local parentField = util.getParentField(context, node.name.value)
     for _, argument in pairs(node.arguments) do
       local name = argument.name.value
       if not parentField.arguments[name] then
@@ -175,7 +178,7 @@ end
 
 function rules.argumentsOfCorrectType(node, context)
   if node.arguments then
-    local parentField = context.objects[#context.objects - 1].fields[node.name.value]
+    local parentField = util.getParentField(context, node.name.value)
     for _, argument in pairs(node.arguments) do
       local name = argument.name.value
       local argumentType = parentField.arguments[name]
@@ -186,13 +189,7 @@ end
 
 function rules.requiredArgumentsPresent(node, context)
   local arguments = node.arguments or {}
-  local parentField
-  if context.objects[#context.objects - 1].__type == 'List' then
-    parentField = context.objects[#context.objects - 2].fields[node.name.value]
-  else
-    parentField = context.objects[#context.objects - 1].fields[node.name.value]
-  end
-
+  local parentField = util.getParentField(context, node.name.value)
   for name, argument in pairs(parentField.arguments) do
     if argument.__type == 'NonNull' then
       local present = util.find(arguments, function(argument)
@@ -451,7 +448,7 @@ function rules.variableUsageAllowed(node, context)
     if not arguments then return end
 
     for field in pairs(arguments) do
-      local parentField = context.objects[#context.objects - 1].fields[field]
+      local parentField = util.getParentField(context, field)
       for i = 1, #arguments[field] do
         local argument = arguments[field][i]
         if argument.value.kind == 'variable' then
diff --git a/graphql/util.lua b/graphql/util.lua
index e66e5fa..72cfb2d 100644
--- a/graphql/util.lua
+++ b/graphql/util.lua
@@ -23,6 +23,16 @@ function util.bind1(func, x)
   end
 end
 
+function util.getParentField(context, name, count)
+  count = count == nil and 1 or count
+  local obj = context.objects[#context.objects - count]
+  if obj.__type == 'List' then
+    return obj.ofType.fields[name]
+  else
+    return obj.fields[name]
+  end
+end
+
 function util.coerceValue(node, schemaType, variables)
   variables = variables or {}
 
@@ -58,7 +68,7 @@ function util.coerceValue(node, schemaType, variables)
         error('Unknown input object field "' .. field.name .. '"')
       end
 
-      return util.coerceValue(schemaType.fields[field.name].kind, field.value, variables)
+      return util.coerceValue(field.value, schemaType.fields[field.name].kind, variables)
     end)
   end
 
diff --git a/graphql/validate.lua b/graphql/validate.lua
index 08eaf02..d373e7e 100644
--- a/graphql/validate.lua
+++ b/graphql/validate.lua
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 local path = (...):gsub('%.[^%.]+$', '')
 local rules = require(path .. '.rules')
+local util = require(path .. '.util')
 
 local visitors = {
   document = {
@@ -58,16 +59,10 @@ local visitors = {
 
   field = {
     enter = function(node, context)
-      local parentField
-      if context.objects[#context.objects].__type == 'List' then
-        parentField = context.objects[#context.objects - 1].fields[node.name.value]
-      else
-        parentField = context.objects[#context.objects].fields[node.name.value]
-      end
+      local parentField = util.getParentField(context, node.name.value, 0)
 
       -- false is a special value indicating that the field was not present in the type definition.
       local field = parentField and parentField.kind or false
-
       table.insert(context.objects, field)
     end,