websocket_client_async_ssl.cpp

//
// Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Vinnie Falco (vinnie dot falco at gmail dot com)
//
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// Official repository: https://github.com/boostorg/beast
//

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Example: WebSocket SSL client, asynchronous
//
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include "certificates.hpp"

#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
#include <boost/beast/websocket/ssl.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/connect.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/ip/tcp.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/ssl/stream.hpp>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>

using tcp = boost::asio::ip::tcp;               // from <boost/asio/ip/tcp.hpp>
namespace ssl = boost::asio::ssl;               // from <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
namespace websocket = boost::beast::websocket;  // from <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

// Report a failure
void
fail(boost::system::error_code ec, char const* what)
{
    std::cerr << what << ": " << ec.message() << "\n";
}

// Sends a WebSocket message and prints the response
class session : public std::enable_shared_from_this<session>
{
    tcp::resolver resolver_;
    websocket::stream<ssl::stream<tcp::socket>> ws_;
    boost::beast::multi_buffer buffer_;
    std::string host_;
    std::string text_;

public:
    // Resolver and socket require an io_context
    explicit
    session(boost::asio::io_context& ioc, ssl::context& ctx)
        : resolver_(ioc)
        , ws_(ioc, ctx)
    {
    }

    ~session()
    {
        std::cout << "session dtor" << std::endl;
    }

    // Start the asynchronous operation
    void
    run(
        char const* host,
        char const* port,
        char const* text)
    {
        // Save these for later
        host_ = host;
        text_ = text;

        // Look up the domain name
        resolver_.async_resolve(
            host,
            port,
            std::bind(
                &session::on_resolve,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1,
                std::placeholders::_2));
    }

    void
    on_resolve(
        boost::system::error_code ec,
        tcp::resolver::results_type results)
    {
        if(ec)
            return fail(ec, "resolve");

        // Make the connection on the IP address we get from a lookup
        boost::asio::async_connect(
            ws_.next_layer().next_layer(),
            results.begin(),
            results.end(),
            std::bind(
                &session::on_connect,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1));
    }

    void
    on_connect(boost::system::error_code ec)
    {
        if(ec)
            return fail(ec, "connect");

        // Perform the SSL handshake
        ws_.next_layer().async_handshake(
            ssl::stream_base::client,
            std::bind(
                &session::on_ssl_handshake,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1));
    }

    void
    on_ssl_handshake(boost::system::error_code ec)
    {
        if(ec)
            return fail(ec, "ssl_handshake");

        ws_.control_callback(
            std::bind(
                &session::onControlMessage,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1,
                std::placeholders::_2
            )
        );

        // Perform the websocket handshake
        ws_.async_handshake(host_, "/",
            std::bind(
                &session::on_handshake,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1));
    }

    void
    on_handshake(boost::system::error_code ec)
    {
        if(ec)
            return fail(ec, "handshake");
        
        // Send the message
        ws_.async_write(
            boost::asio::buffer(text_),
            std::bind(
                &session::on_write,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1,
                std::placeholders::_2));
    }

    void
    on_write(
        boost::system::error_code ec,
        std::size_t bytes_transferred)
    {
        boost::ignore_unused(bytes_transferred);

        if(ec)
            return fail(ec, "write");
        
        // Read a message into our buffer
        ws_.async_read(
            buffer_,
            std::bind(
                &session::on_read,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1,
                std::placeholders::_2));
    }

    void
    on_read(
        boost::system::error_code ec,
        std::size_t bytes_transferred)
    {
        boost::ignore_unused(bytes_transferred);

        if(ec)
            return fail(ec, "read");

        // Close the WebSocket connection
        ws_.async_close(websocket::close_code::normal,
            std::bind(
                &session::on_close,
                shared_from_this(),
                std::placeholders::_1));
    }

    void
    on_close(boost::system::error_code ec)
    {
        if(ec)
            return fail(ec, "close");

        // If we get here then the connection is closed gracefully

        // The buffers() function helps print a ConstBufferSequence
        std::cout << boost::beast::buffers(buffer_.data()) << std::endl;
    }

    void
    onControlMessage(boost::beast::websocket::frame_type kind,  boost::beast::string_view payload)
    {
        boost::ignore_unused(kind, payload);
    }
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    // Check command line arguments.
    if(argc != 7)
    {
        std::cerr <<
            "Usage: websocket-client-async-ssl <host> <port> <text> <cafile> <crtfile> <keyfile>\n" <<
            "Example:\n" <<
            "    websocket-client-async-ssl echo.websocket.org 443 \"Hello, world!\"\n";
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }
    auto const host = argv[1];
    auto const port = argv[2];
    auto const text = argv[3];
    auto const cafile = argv[4];
    auto const crtfile = argv[5];
    auto const keyfile = argv[6];

    // The io_context is required for all I/O
    boost::asio::io_context ioc;

    // The SSL context is required, and holds certificates
    ssl::context ctx{ssl::context::sslv23_client};

    // This holds the root certificate used for verification
    boost::system::error_code ec;
    loadCertificates(ctx, cafile, crtfile, keyfile, ec);
    if (ec)
    {
        exit(1);
    }

    // Launch the asynchronous operation
    std::make_shared<session>(ioc, ctx)->run(host, port, text);

    // Run the I/O service. The call will return when
    // the socket is closed.
    ioc.run();

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}