diff --git a/nx.json b/nx.json
index e8872e82abceb..0f16627a5fba8 100644
--- a/nx.json
+++ b/nx.json
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
         "!{workspaceRoot}/**/tsconfig.json",
         "!{workspaceRoot}/**/tsconfig.json",
         "!{workspaceRoot}/tsconfig.base.json",
-        "!{workspaceRoot}/**/tsconfig.tsbuildinfo"
+        "!{workspaceRoot}/**/tsconfig.tsbuildinfo",
+        "!{workspaceRoot}/**/jest.config.js"
       ],
       "outputs": [
         "{projectRoot}/**/*.integ.*.js.snapshot/*",
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 4a73b88fdb3e4..7f47d899d71fd 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
     "jsii-pacmak": "1.87.0",
     "jsii-reflect": "1.87.0",
     "jsii-rosetta": "~5.1.10",
+    "ts-jest": "^29.1.1",
     "lerna": "^7.1.5",
     "nx": "^16.7.3",
     "patch-package": "^6.5.1",
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/cli-integ/test/resource-pool.test.ts b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/cli-integ/test/resource-pool.test.ts
index 02a2c3d6c4feb..7fd9d3134f62e 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/cli-integ/test/resource-pool.test.ts
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/cli-integ/test/resource-pool.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import { sleep } from '../lib';
 import { ResourcePool } from '../lib/resource-pool';
 
+jest.setTimeout(30_000);
+
 const POOL_NAME = 'resource-pool.test';
 
 test('take and dispose', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/.gitignore b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/.gitignore
index 8ef66112140d5..4b8cda825f1bd 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/.gitignore
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/.gitignore
@@ -14,4 +14,6 @@ nyc.config.js
 
 !**/*.snapshot/**/asset.*/**
 
-**/*.ts.snapshot
\ No newline at end of file
+**/*.ts.snapshot
+
+!jest.config.js
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/jest.config.js b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/jest.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..2bf6c652c09dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/jest.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/** @type {import('ts-jest').JestConfigWithTsJest} */
+module.exports = {
+  // Purposely only run .js files, not .ts files. This is so that the unit tests
+  // here will use the jsii-compiled version of `aws-cdk-lib`, and not the live-interpreted
+  // .ts files.
+  moduleFileExtensions: [
+    'js',
+  ],
+  testMatch: [
+    '<rootDir>/test/**/?(*.)+(test).js',
+  ],
+
+  testEnvironment: 'node',
+};
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/__entrypoint__.js b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/__entrypoint__.js
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/__entrypoint__.js
rename to packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/__entrypoint__.js
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/consts.js b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/consts.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..dcca3af1f2fb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/consts.js
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+"use strict";
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.CfnUtilsResourceType = void 0;
+/**
+ * Supported resource type.
+ */
+var CfnUtilsResourceType;
+(function (CfnUtilsResourceType) {
+    /**
+     * CfnJson
+     */
+    CfnUtilsResourceType["CFN_JSON"] = "Custom::AWSCDKCfnJson";
+    /**
+     * CfnJsonStringify
+     */
+    CfnUtilsResourceType["CFN_JSON_STRINGIFY"] = "Custom::AWSCDKCfnJsonStringify";
+})(CfnUtilsResourceType || (exports.CfnUtilsResourceType = CfnUtilsResourceType = {}));
+//# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,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
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/index.js b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..a24d3cad7679f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+"use strict";
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.handler = void 0;
+const consts_1 = require("./consts");
+/**
+ * Parses the value of "Value" and reflects it back as attribute.
+ */
+async function handler(event) {
+    // dispatch based on resource type
+    if (event.ResourceType === consts_1.CfnUtilsResourceType.CFN_JSON) {
+        return cfnJsonHandler(event);
+    }
+    if (event.ResourceType === consts_1.CfnUtilsResourceType.CFN_JSON_STRINGIFY) {
+        return cfnJsonStringifyHandler(event);
+    }
+    throw new Error(`unexpected resource type "${event.ResourceType}`);
+}
+exports.handler = handler;
+function cfnJsonHandler(event) {
+    return {
+        Data: {
+            Value: JSON.parse(event.ResourceProperties.Value),
+        },
+    };
+}
+function cfnJsonStringifyHandler(event) {
+    return {
+        Data: {
+            Value: JSON.stringify(event.ResourceProperties.Value),
+        },
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,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
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/consts.js b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/consts.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 872271a1fb7ef..0000000000000
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/consts.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-"use strict";
-Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-//# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjozLCJmaWxlIjoiY29uc3RzLmpzIiwic291cmNlUm9vdCI6IiIsInNvdXJjZXMiOlsiY29uc3RzLnRzIl0sIm5hbWVzIjpbXSwibWFwcGluZ3MiOiIiLCJzb3VyY2VzQ29udGVudCI6WyIvKipcbiAqIFN1cHBvcnRlZCByZXNvdXJjZSB0eXBlLlxuICovXG5leHBvcnQgY29uc3QgZW51bSBDZm5VdGlsc1Jlc291cmNlVHlwZSB7XG4gIC8qKlxuICAgKiBDZm5Kc29uXG4gICAqL1xuICBDRk5fSlNPTiA9ICdDdXN0b206OkFXU0NES0Nmbkpzb24nLFxuXG4gIC8qKlxuICAgKiBDZm5Kc29uU3RyaW5naWZ5XG4gICAqL1xuICBDRk5fSlNPTl9TVFJJTkdJRlkgPSAnQ3VzdG9tOjpBV1NDREtDZm5Kc29uU3RyaW5naWZ5Jyxcbn1cbiJdfQ==
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/index.js b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 269994454b057..0000000000000
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-"use strict";
-Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
-exports.handler = void 0;
-/**
- * Parses the value of "Value" and reflects it back as attribute.
- */
-async function handler(event) {
-    // dispatch based on resource type
-    if (event.ResourceType === "Custom::AWSCDKCfnJson" /* CfnUtilsResourceType.CFN_JSON */) {
-        return cfnJsonHandler(event);
-    }
-    if (event.ResourceType === "Custom::AWSCDKCfnJsonStringify" /* CfnUtilsResourceType.CFN_JSON_STRINGIFY */) {
-        return cfnJsonStringifyHandler(event);
-    }
-    throw new Error(`unexpected resource type "${event.ResourceType}`);
-}
-exports.handler = handler;
-function cfnJsonHandler(event) {
-    return {
-        Data: {
-            Value: JSON.parse(event.ResourceProperties.Value),
-        },
-    };
-}
-function cfnJsonStringifyHandler(event) {
-    return {
-        Data: {
-            Value: JSON.stringify(event.ResourceProperties.Value),
-        },
-    };
-}
-//# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,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
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/cdk.out b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/cdk.out
index f0b901e7c06e5..560dae10d018f 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/cdk.out
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/cdk.out
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":"32.0.0"}
\ No newline at end of file
+{"version":"33.0.0"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/iamtestconditionwithrefDefaultTestDeployAssert5E44A64B.assets.json b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/iamtestconditionwithrefDefaultTestDeployAssert5E44A64B.assets.json
index 6429d0f72d991..b043af1a3d904 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/iamtestconditionwithrefDefaultTestDeployAssert5E44A64B.assets.json
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/iamtestconditionwithrefDefaultTestDeployAssert5E44A64B.assets.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-  "version": "32.0.0",
+  "version": "33.0.0",
   "files": {
     "21fbb51d7b23f6a6c262b46a9caee79d744a3ac019fd45422d988b96d44b2a22": {
       "source": {
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/integ.json b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/integ.json
index ecfc59ddb7215..2f04f2aac279c 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/integ.json
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/integ.json
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 {
-  "version": "32.0.0",
+  "version": "33.0.0",
   "testCases": {
     "iam-test-condition-with-ref/DefaultTest": {
       "stacks": [
         "test-condition-with-ref"
       ],
+      "diffAssets": true,
       "assertionStack": "iam-test-condition-with-ref/DefaultTest/DeployAssert",
       "assertionStackName": "iamtestconditionwithrefDefaultTestDeployAssert5E44A64B"
     }
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/manifest.json b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/manifest.json
index fcecae584dace..c11acef43c3fc 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/manifest.json
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/manifest.json
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-  "version": "32.0.0",
+  "version": "33.0.0",
   "artifacts": {
     "test-condition-with-ref.assets": {
       "type": "cdk:asset-manifest",
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
         "validateOnSynth": false,
         "assumeRoleArn": "arn:${AWS::Partition}:iam::${AWS::AccountId}:role/cdk-hnb659fds-deploy-role-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}",
         "cloudFormationExecutionRoleArn": "arn:${AWS::Partition}:iam::${AWS::AccountId}:role/cdk-hnb659fds-cfn-exec-role-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}",
-        "stackTemplateAssetObjectUrl": "s3://cdk-hnb659fds-assets-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}/5d543b44583359346e7d4e1d73209c742ec533540ce929f2f2493fb27b0e738d.json",
+        "stackTemplateAssetObjectUrl": "s3://cdk-hnb659fds-assets-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}/c78c907e2231879b958741f82c29330bcd35d5778c279f9e497f7e8565e6e2cc.json",
         "requiresBootstrapStackVersion": 6,
         "bootstrapStackVersionSsmParameter": "/cdk-bootstrap/hnb659fds/version",
         "additionalDependencies": [
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.assets.json b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.assets.json
index 173b4a42636c3..3f6d7f5a53918 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.assets.json
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.assets.json
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 {
-  "version": "32.0.0",
+  "version": "33.0.0",
   "files": {
-    "a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8": {
+    "1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde": {
       "source": {
-        "path": "asset.a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8",
+        "path": "asset.1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde",
         "packaging": "zip"
       },
       "destinations": {
         "current_account-current_region": {
           "bucketName": "cdk-hnb659fds-assets-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}",
-          "objectKey": "a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8.zip",
+          "objectKey": "1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde.zip",
           "assumeRoleArn": "arn:${AWS::Partition}:iam::${AWS::AccountId}:role/cdk-hnb659fds-file-publishing-role-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}"
         }
       }
     },
-    "5d543b44583359346e7d4e1d73209c742ec533540ce929f2f2493fb27b0e738d": {
+    "c78c907e2231879b958741f82c29330bcd35d5778c279f9e497f7e8565e6e2cc": {
       "source": {
         "path": "test-condition-with-ref.template.json",
         "packaging": "file"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
       "destinations": {
         "current_account-current_region": {
           "bucketName": "cdk-hnb659fds-assets-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}",
-          "objectKey": "5d543b44583359346e7d4e1d73209c742ec533540ce929f2f2493fb27b0e738d.json",
+          "objectKey": "c78c907e2231879b958741f82c29330bcd35d5778c279f9e497f7e8565e6e2cc.json",
           "assumeRoleArn": "arn:${AWS::Partition}:iam::${AWS::AccountId}:role/cdk-hnb659fds-file-publishing-role-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}"
         }
       }
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.template.json b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.template.json
index 79406296343f6..58e9598bae22b 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.template.json
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/test-condition-with-ref.template.json
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
      "S3Bucket": {
       "Fn::Sub": "cdk-hnb659fds-assets-${AWS::AccountId}-${AWS::Region}"
      },
-     "S3Key": "a913a2614f4e118cb83fa3c0dd17575c9adbbdbad4da17aecd505282a25513f8.zip"
+     "S3Key": "1e14e895fcbdf65feb0a29e4aa74c6c92a6fb0e41f228bef7ab23627ed409cde.zip"
     },
     "Timeout": 900,
     "MemorySize": 128,
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/tree.json b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/tree.json
index 9ef9d28272280..ad8cf02d25aa4 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/tree.json
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/aws-iam/test/integ.condition-with-ref.js.snapshot/tree.json
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
                 "path": "iam-test-condition-with-ref/DefaultTest/Default",
                 "constructInfo": {
                   "fqn": "constructs.Construct",
-                  "version": "10.2.55"
+                  "version": "10.2.69"
                 }
               },
               "DeployAssert": {
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@
         "path": "Tree",
         "constructInfo": {
           "fqn": "constructs.Construct",
-          "version": "10.2.55"
+          "version": "10.2.69"
         }
       }
     },
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/runtime-info.test.ts b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/core/test/runtime-info.test.ts
similarity index 89%
rename from packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/runtime-info.test.ts
rename to packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/core/test/runtime-info.test.ts
index 12597c184ce7b..c9efc6785a237 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/runtime-info.test.ts
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/core/test/runtime-info.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
+/**
+ * Unit tests that depend on 'aws-cdk-lib' having been compiled using jsii
+ */
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import * as path from 'path';
 import { Construct } from 'constructs';
-import { App, NestedStack, Stack, Stage, IPolicyValidationPluginBeta1, PolicyViolationBeta1, PolicyValidationPluginReportBeta1, IPolicyValidationContextBeta1 } from '../lib';
-import { constructInfoFromConstruct, constructInfoFromStack } from '../lib/private/runtime-info';
+import { App, NestedStack, Stack, Stage, IPolicyValidationPluginBeta1, PolicyViolationBeta1, PolicyValidationPluginReportBeta1, IPolicyValidationContextBeta1 } from 'aws-cdk-lib';
+import { constructInfoFromConstruct, constructInfoFromStack } from 'aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/helpers-internal';
 
 const JSII_RUNTIME_SYMBOL = Symbol.for('jsii.rtti');
 
@@ -10,23 +13,6 @@ let app: App;
 let stack: Stack;
 let _cdkVersion: string | undefined = undefined;
 
-// The runtime metadata this test relies on is only available if the most
-// recent compile has happened using 'jsii', as the jsii compiler injects
-// this metadata.
-//
-// If the most recent compile was using 'tsc', the metadata will not have
-// been injected, and the test suite will fail.
-//
-// Tolerate `tsc` builds locally, but not on CodeBuild.
-const codeBuild = !!process.env.CODEBUILD_BUILD_ID;
-const moduleCompiledWithTsc = constructInfoFromConstruct(new Stack())?.fqn === 'constructs.Construct';
-let describeTscSafe = describe;
-if (moduleCompiledWithTsc && !codeBuild) {
-  // eslint-disable-next-line
-  console.error('It appears this module was compiled with `tsc` instead of `jsii` in a local build. Skipping this test suite.');
-  describeTscSafe = describe.skip;
-}
-
 beforeEach(() => {
   app = new App();
   stack = new Stack(app, 'Stack', {
@@ -34,7 +20,7 @@ beforeEach(() => {
   });
 });
 
-describeTscSafe('constructInfoFromConstruct', () => {
+describe('constructInfoFromConstruct', () => {
   test('returns fqn and version for core constructs', () => {
     const constructInfo = constructInfoFromConstruct(stack);
     expect(constructInfo).toBeDefined();
@@ -70,7 +56,7 @@ describeTscSafe('constructInfoFromConstruct', () => {
   });
 });
 
-describeTscSafe('constructInfoForStack', () => {
+describe('constructInfoForStack', () => {
   test('returns stack itself and jsii runtime if stack is empty', () => {
     const constructInfos = constructInfoFromStack(stack);
 
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/private/tree-metadata.test.ts b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/core/test/tree-metadata.test.ts
similarity index 97%
rename from packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/private/tree-metadata.test.ts
rename to packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/core/test/tree-metadata.test.ts
index 482cc6301b833..68eeb6786e7ef 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/private/tree-metadata.test.ts
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk-testing/framework-integ/test/core/test/tree-metadata.test.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
+/**
+ * Unit tests that depend on 'aws-cdk-lib' having been compiled using jsii
+ */
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import * as path from 'path';
 import { Construct } from 'constructs';
-import * as cxschema from '../../../cloud-assembly-schema';
-import { App, CfnParameter, CfnResource, Lazy, Stack, TreeInspector } from '../../lib/index';
+import * as cxschema from 'aws-cdk-lib/cloud-assembly-schema';
+import { App, CfnParameter, CfnResource, Lazy, Stack, TreeInspector } from 'aws-cdk-lib';
 
 abstract class AbstractCfnResource extends CfnResource {
   constructor(scope: Construct, id: string) {
@@ -160,21 +163,19 @@ describe('tree metadata', () => {
     const treeArtifact = assembly.tree();
     expect(treeArtifact).toBeDefined();
 
-    const codeBuild = !!process.env.CODEBUILD_BUILD_ID;
-
     expect(readJson(assembly.directory, treeArtifact!.file)).toEqual({
       version: 'tree-0.1',
       tree: expect.objectContaining({
         children: expect.objectContaining({
           mystack: expect.objectContaining({
             constructInfo: {
-              fqn: expect.stringMatching(codeBuild ? /\bStack$/ : /\bStack$|^constructs.Construct$/),
+              fqn: expect.stringMatching(/\bStack$/),
               version: expect.any(String),
             },
             children: expect.objectContaining({
               myconstruct: expect.objectContaining({
                 constructInfo: {
-                  fqn: expect.stringMatching(codeBuild ? /\bCfnResource$/ : /\bCfnResource$|^constructs.Construct$/),
+                  fqn: expect.stringMatching(/\bCfnResource$/),
                   version: expect.any(String),
                 },
               }),
@@ -398,4 +399,4 @@ describe('tree metadata', () => {
 
 function readJson(outdir: string, file: string) {
   return JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(outdir, file), 'utf-8'));
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/app-staging-synthesizer-alpha/test/app-staging-synthesizer.test.ts b/packages/@aws-cdk/app-staging-synthesizer-alpha/test/app-staging-synthesizer.test.ts
index 3e6504b7befe9..c3a8d96299b8b 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk/app-staging-synthesizer-alpha/test/app-staging-synthesizer.test.ts
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk/app-staging-synthesizer-alpha/test/app-staging-synthesizer.test.ts
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ describe(AppStagingSynthesizer, () => {
 
     // THEN - we have a fixed asset location
     expect(evalCFN(location.bucketName)).toEqual(`cdk-${APP_ID}-staging-000000000000-us-east-1`);
-    expect(evalCFN(location.httpUrl)).toEqual(`https://s3.us-east-1.domain.aws/cdk-${APP_ID}-staging-000000000000-us-east-1/abcdef.js`);
+    expect(evalCFN(location.httpUrl)).toEqual(`https://s3.us-east-1.domain.aws/cdk-${APP_ID}-staging-000000000000-us-east-1/abcdef.ts`);
 
     // THEN - object key contains source hash somewhere
     expect(location.objectKey.indexOf('abcdef')).toBeGreaterThan(-1);
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ describe(AppStagingSynthesizer, () => {
       });
 
       // THEN - asset has deploy time prefix
-      expect(evalCFN(location.objectKey)).toEqual(`${DEPLOY_TIME_PREFIX}abcdef.js`);
+      expect(evalCFN(location.objectKey)).toEqual(`${DEPLOY_TIME_PREFIX}abcdef.ts`);
     });
 
     test('lambda assets are by default deploy time assets', () => {
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-msk-alpha/test/__snapshots__/cluster.test.js.snap b/packages/@aws-cdk/aws-msk-alpha/test/__snapshots__/cluster.test.ts.snap
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/@aws-cdk/aws-msk-alpha/test/__snapshots__/cluster.test.js.snap
rename to packages/@aws-cdk/aws-msk-alpha/test/__snapshots__/cluster.test.ts.snap
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/cloud-assembly-schema/jest.config.js b/packages/@aws-cdk/cloud-assembly-schema/jest.config.js
index 1700f0873cc01..b128c97cea054 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk/cloud-assembly-schema/jest.config.js
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk/cloud-assembly-schema/jest.config.js
@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
 const baseConfig = require('@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config');
 module.exports = {
   ...baseConfig,
-  moduleFileExtensions: [
-    'js',
-    'ts',
-  ],
-  preset: 'ts-jest',
   testMatch: [
     '<rootDir>/**/test/**/?(*.)+(test).ts',
   ],
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/cx-api/jest.config.js b/packages/@aws-cdk/cx-api/jest.config.js
index 37c818dbced5f..f4f042f9d2c29 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk/cx-api/jest.config.js
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk/cx-api/jest.config.js
@@ -1,14 +1,6 @@
 const baseConfig = require('@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config');
 module.exports = {
-    ...baseConfig,
-  moduleFileExtensions: [
-    'js',
-    'ts',
-  ],
-  preset: 'ts-jest',
-  testMatch: [
-    '<rootDir>/**/test/**/?(*.)+(test).ts',
-  ],
+  ...baseConfig,
   coverageThreshold: {
     global: {
       ...baseConfig.coverageThreshold.global,
diff --git a/packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/jest.config.js b/packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/jest.config.js
index 036d2133dfe23..a5faeee256594 100644
--- a/packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/jest.config.js
+++ b/packages/@aws-cdk/region-info/jest.config.js
@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
 const baseConfig = require('@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config');
 module.exports = {
   ...baseConfig,
-  moduleFileExtensions: [
-    'js',
-    'ts',
-  ],
-  preset: 'ts-jest',
   testMatch: [
     '<rootDir>/**/test/**/?(*.)+(test).ts',
   ],
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-apigateway/lib/usage-plan.ts b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-apigateway/lib/usage-plan.ts
index 7cc2957da8a7a..920d1099ecfbb 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-apigateway/lib/usage-plan.ts
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-apigateway/lib/usage-plan.ts
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ export interface ThrottlingPerMethod {
 /**
  * Type of Usage Plan Key. Currently the only supported type is 'ApiKey'
  */
-const enum UsagePlanKeyType {
+enum UsagePlanKeyType {
   API_KEY = 'API_KEY'
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-ecr/lib/repository.ts b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-ecr/lib/repository.ts
index cddc3e1e42f4b..39bdb24eca355 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-ecr/lib/repository.ts
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/aws-ecr/lib/repository.ts
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@ function renderLifecycleRule(rule: LifecycleRule) {
 /**
  * Select images based on counts
  */
-const enum CountType {
+enum CountType {
   /**
    * Set a limit on the number of images in your repository
    */
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/helpers-internal/index.ts b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/helpers-internal/index.ts
index bc3f28e0107bb..03a39234e8d52 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/helpers-internal/index.ts
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/helpers-internal/index.ts
@@ -2,4 +2,5 @@ export * from './cfn-parse';
 // Other libraries are going to need this as well
 export { md5hash } from '../private/md5';
 export * from './customize-roles';
-export * from './string-specializer';
\ No newline at end of file
+export * from './string-specializer';
+export { constructInfoFromConstruct, constructInfoFromStack } from '../private/runtime-info';
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/private/cfn-utils-provider/consts.ts b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/private/cfn-utils-provider/consts.ts
index 9718dcef40645..31417563a1736 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/private/cfn-utils-provider/consts.ts
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/lib/private/cfn-utils-provider/consts.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Supported resource type.
  */
-export const enum CfnUtilsResourceType {
+export enum CfnUtilsResourceType {
   /**
    * CfnJson
    */
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/clicreds-synthesis.test.ts b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/clicreds-synthesis.test.ts
index b47e65ba74f62..c688431df804c 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/clicreds-synthesis.test.ts
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/clicreds-synthesis.test.ts
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ describe('CLI creds synthesis', () => {
 
   test('add file asset', () => {
     // WHEN
+    const ext = __filename.match(/\.([tj]s)$/)?.[1];
     const location = stack.synthesizer.addFileAsset({
       fileName: __filename,
       packaging: FileAssetPackaging.FILE,
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ describe('CLI creds synthesis', () => {
 
     // THEN - we have a fixed asset location with region placeholders
     expect(evalCFN(location.bucketName)).toEqual('cdk-hnb659fds-assets-the_account-the_region');
-    expect(evalCFN(location.s3Url)).toEqual('https://s3.the_region.domain.aws/cdk-hnb659fds-assets-the_account-the_region/abcdef.ts');
+    expect(evalCFN(location.s3Url)).toEqual(`https://s3.the_region.domain.aws/cdk-hnb659fds-assets-the_account-the_region/abcdef.${ext}`);
 
     // THEN - object key contains source hash somewhere
     expect(location.objectKey.indexOf('abcdef')).toBeGreaterThan(-1);
@@ -118,6 +119,7 @@ describe('CLI creds synthesis', () => {
       }),
     });
 
+    const ext = __filename.match(/\.([tj]s)$/)?.[1];
     mystack.synthesizer.addFileAsset({
       fileName: __filename,
       packaging: FileAssetPackaging.FILE,
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ describe('CLI creds synthesis', () => {
 
     expect(manifest.files?.['file-asset-hash']?.destinations?.['current_account-current_region']).toEqual({
       bucketName: 'file-asset-bucket',
-      objectKey: 'file-asset-hash.ts',
+      objectKey: `file-asset-hash.${ext}`,
     });
 
     expect(manifest.dockerImages?.['docker-asset-hash']?.destinations?.['current_account-current_region']).toEqual({
@@ -156,6 +158,7 @@ describe('CLI creds synthesis', () => {
       }),
     });
 
+    const ext = __filename.match(/\.([tj]s)$/)?.[1];
     mystack.synthesizer.addFileAsset({
       fileName: __filename,
       packaging: FileAssetPackaging.FILE,
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ describe('CLI creds synthesis', () => {
     // THEN
     expect(manifest.files?.['file-asset-hash-with-prefix']?.destinations?.['current_account-current_region']).toEqual({
       bucketName: 'file-asset-bucket',
-      objectKey: '000000000000/file-asset-hash-with-prefix.ts',
+      objectKey: `000000000000/file-asset-hash-with-prefix.${ext}`,
     });
 
     const templateHash = last(stackArtifact.stackTemplateAssetObjectUrl?.split('/'));
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/new-style-synthesis.test.ts b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/new-style-synthesis.test.ts
index 6c8fee21b79fd..f39c577d82be9 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/new-style-synthesis.test.ts
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/core/test/stack-synthesis/new-style-synthesis.test.ts
@@ -208,6 +208,7 @@ describe('new style synthesis', () => {
 
   test('add file asset', () => {
     // WHEN
+    const ext = __filename.match(/\.([tj]s)$/)?.[1];
     const location = stack.synthesizer.addFileAsset({
       fileName: __filename,
       packaging: FileAssetPackaging.FILE,
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ describe('new style synthesis', () => {
 
     // THEN - we have a fixed asset location with region placeholders
     expect(evalCFN(location.bucketName)).toEqual('cdk-hnb659fds-assets-the_account-the_region');
-    expect(evalCFN(location.s3Url)).toEqual('https://s3.the_region.domain.aws/cdk-hnb659fds-assets-the_account-the_region/abcdef.ts');
+    expect(evalCFN(location.s3Url)).toEqual(`https://s3.the_region.domain.aws/cdk-hnb659fds-assets-the_account-the_region/abcdef.${ext}`);
 
     // THEN - object key contains source hash somewhere
     expect(location.objectKey.indexOf('abcdef')).toBeGreaterThan(-1);
@@ -314,6 +315,7 @@ describe('new style synthesis', () => {
       }),
     });
 
+    const ext = __filename.match(/\.([tj]s)$/)?.[1];
     mystack.synthesizer.addFileAsset({
       fileName: __filename,
       packaging: FileAssetPackaging.FILE,
@@ -331,7 +333,7 @@ describe('new style synthesis', () => {
 
     expect(manifest.files?.['file-asset-hash']?.destinations?.['current_account-current_region']).toEqual({
       bucketName: 'file-asset-bucket',
-      objectKey: 'file-asset-hash.ts',
+      objectKey: `file-asset-hash.${ext}`,
       assumeRoleArn: 'file:role:arn',
       assumeRoleExternalId: 'file-external-id',
     });
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/jest.config.js b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/jest.config.js
index cea26228ba11f..a5d279d7bf4d0 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/jest.config.js
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/jest.config.js
@@ -1,22 +1,15 @@
 const baseConfig = require('@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config');
 
-const cpuCount = require('os').cpus().length;
-
 /** @type {import('ts-jest').JestConfigWithTsJest} */
 module.exports = {
   ...baseConfig,
-  moduleFileExtensions: [
-    'js',
-    'ts',
-  ],
-  // Limit workers to a reasonable fixed number. If we scale in the number of available CPUs, we will explode
-  // our memory limit on the CodeBuild instance that has 72 CPUs.
-  maxWorkers: Math.min(8, cpuCount - 1),
-  preset: 'ts-jest',
+
+  // Different than usual
   testMatch: [
     '<rootDir>/**/test/**/?(*.)+(test).ts',
   ],
-   coverageThreshold: {
+
+  coverageThreshold: {
     global: {
       branches: 35,
       statements: 55,
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/package.json b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/package.json
index 389a95254e848..40b60a40d6469 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk-lib/package.json
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk-lib/package.json
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@
   ],
   "dependencies": {
     "@aws-cdk/asset-awscli-v1": "^2.2.200",
-    "@aws-cdk/asset-node-proxy-agent-v6": "^2.0.1",
     "@aws-cdk/asset-kubectl-v20": "^2.1.2",
+    "@aws-cdk/asset-node-proxy-agent-v6": "^2.0.1",
     "@balena/dockerignore": "^1.0.2",
     "case": "1.6.3",
     "fs-extra": "^11.1.1",
@@ -183,9 +183,9 @@
     "lambda-tester": "^4.0.1",
     "lodash": "^4.17.21",
     "nock": "^13.3.3",
+    "sinon": "^9.2.4",
     "ts-mock-imports": "^1.3.8",
     "ts-node": "^10.9.1",
-    "sinon": "^9.2.4",
     "typescript": "~5.1.6",
     "typescript-json-schema": "^0.59.0"
   },
diff --git a/packages/aws-cdk/test/assets.test.ts b/packages/aws-cdk/test/assets.test.ts
index 366730bbb612a..e71942324f2f8 100644
--- a/packages/aws-cdk/test/assets.test.ts
+++ b/packages/aws-cdk/test/assets.test.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ beforeEach(() => {
 describe('file assets', () => {
   test('convert to manifest and parameters', async () => {
     // GIVEN
+    const ext = __filename.match(/\.([tj]s)$/)?.[1];
     const stack = stackWithAssets([
       {
         sourceHash: 'source-hash',
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ describe('file assets', () => {
     // THEN
     expect(params).toEqual({
       BucketParameter: 'MockToolkitBucketName',
-      KeyParameter: 'assets/SomeStackSomeResource4567/||source-hash.js',
+      KeyParameter: `assets/SomeStackSomeResource4567/||source-hash.${ext}`,
       ArtifactHashParameter: 'source-hash',
     });
 
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ describe('file assets', () => {
       expect.objectContaining({
         destination: {
           bucketName: 'MockToolkitBucketName',
-          objectKey: 'assets/SomeStackSomeResource4567/source-hash.js',
+          objectKey: `assets/SomeStackSomeResource4567/source-hash.${ext}`,
         },
         source: {
           packaging: 'file',
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ describe('file assets', () => {
 
   test('hash and ID the same => only one path component', async () => {
     // GIVEN
+    const ext = __filename.match(/\.([tj]s)$/)?.[1];
     const stack = stackWithAssets([
       {
         sourceHash: 'source-hash',
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ describe('file assets', () => {
       expect.objectContaining({
         destination: {
           bucketName: 'MockToolkitBucketName',
-          objectKey: 'assets/source-hash.js',
+          objectKey: `assets/source-hash.${ext}`,
         },
       }),
     ]);
diff --git a/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config.js b/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config.js
index 1b907f3b6ffc6..6e41fa2e239bf 100644
--- a/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config.js
+++ b/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config.js
@@ -1,30 +1,48 @@
+const { cpus } = require('os');
+
 module.exports = {
-    moduleFileExtensions: [
-        "js",
+  // The preset deals with preferring TS over JS
+  moduleFileExtensions: [
+    // .ts first to prefer a ts over a js if present
+    'ts',
+    'js',
+  ],
+  testMatch: [
+    '<rootDir>/test/**/?(*.)+(test).ts',
+  ],
+
+  // Transform TypeScript using ts-jest. Use of this preset still requires the depending
+  // package to depend on `ts-jest` directly.
+  transform: {
+    '^.+\\.tsx?$': [
+      'ts-jest',
+      {
+        // Skips type checking
+        isolatedModules: true,
+      },
     ],
-    testMatch: [
-        "<rootDir>/test/**/?(*.)+(test).js",
-    ],
-    testEnvironment: "node",
-    coverageThreshold: {
-        global: {
-            branches: 80,
-            statements: 80,
-        },
+  },
+
+  // Limit workers to a reasonable fixed number. If we scale in the number of available CPUs, we will explode
+  // our memory limit on the CodeBuild instance that has 72 CPUs.
+  maxWorkers: Math.min(8, cpus().length - 1),
+
+  testEnvironment: 'node',
+  coverageThreshold: {
+    global: {
+      branches: 80,
+      statements: 80,
     },
-    collectCoverage: true,
-    coverageReporters: [
-        "lcov",
-        "html",
-        "text-summary",
-    ],
-    coveragePathIgnorePatterns: [
-        "<rootDir>/lib/.*\\.generated\\.[jt]s",
-        "<rootDir>/test/.*\\.[jt]s",
-        "<rootDir>/.warnings.jsii.js",
-    ],
-	reporters: [
-        "default",
-          [ "jest-junit", { suiteName: "jest tests", outputDirectory: "coverage" } ]
-    ]
+  },
+  collectCoverage: true,
+  coverageReporters: ['lcov', 'html', 'text-summary'],
+  coveragePathIgnorePatterns: [
+    '\\.generated\\.[jt]s$',
+    '<rootDir>/test/',
+    '.warnings.jsii.js$',
+  ],
+  reporters: [
+    'default',
+    ['jest-junit', { suiteName: 'jest tests', outputDirectory: 'coverage' }],
+  ],
 };
diff --git a/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/package.json b/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/package.json
index 020745b34b6d2..0d17e33ab4a03 100644
--- a/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/package.json
+++ b/tools/@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/package.json
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
   "private": true,
   "version": "0.0.0",
   "description": "Tools package with shared build scripts for CDK packages",
-  "main": "lib/index.js",
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
     "url": "https://github.com/aws/aws-cdk.git",
@@ -40,8 +39,10 @@
     "@types/fs-extra": "^9.0.13",
     "@types/jest": "^29.5.4",
     "@types/semver": "^7.5.0",
-    "@types/yargs": "^15.0.15"
+    "@types/yargs": "^15.0.15",
+    "jest-resolve": "^29.6.3"
   },
+  "main": "lib/index.js",
   "dependencies": {
     "@aws-cdk/eslint-plugin": "0.0.0",
     "@aws-cdk/yarn-cling": "0.0.0",
diff --git a/tools/@aws-cdk/pkglint/jest.config.js b/tools/@aws-cdk/pkglint/jest.config.js
index 7bb32293f74e2..3f4ba066475b7 100644
--- a/tools/@aws-cdk/pkglint/jest.config.js
+++ b/tools/@aws-cdk/pkglint/jest.config.js
@@ -1,5 +1,26 @@
+// Cannot depend on cdk-build-tools, cdk-build-tools depends on this
 module.exports = {
-  testMatch: [
-    "**/?(*.)+(test).js",
-  ],
+    moduleFileExtensions: [
+        "js",
+    ],
+    testMatch: [
+        "**/?(*.)+(test).js",
+    ],
+    testEnvironment: "node",
+    coverageThreshold: {
+        global: {
+            branches: 10,
+            statements: 10,
+        },
+    },
+    collectCoverage: true,
+    coverageReporters: [
+        "lcov",
+        "html",
+        "text-summary",
+    ],
+    coveragePathIgnorePatterns: [
+        "<rootDir>/lib/.*\\.generated\\.[jt]s",
+        "<rootDir>/test/.*\\.[jt]s",
+    ],
 };
diff --git a/tools/@aws-cdk/spec2cdk/jest.config.js b/tools/@aws-cdk/spec2cdk/jest.config.js
index 4999b9746e157..1a75d3f3b0092 100644
--- a/tools/@aws-cdk/spec2cdk/jest.config.js
+++ b/tools/@aws-cdk/spec2cdk/jest.config.js
@@ -2,10 +2,6 @@ const baseConfig = require('@aws-cdk/cdk-build-tools/config/jest.config');
 
 module.exports = {
   ...baseConfig,
-  testMatch: [
-    "**/?(*.)+(test).js",
-  ],
-  testEnvironment: 'node',
   coverageThreshold: {
     global: {
       // Pretty bad but we disabled snapshots