diff --git a/crates/ruff/tests/lint.rs b/crates/ruff/tests/lint.rs
index b53f219351736..ff6a913ac4806 100644
--- a/crates/ruff/tests/lint.rs
+++ b/crates/ruff/tests/lint.rs
@@ -1804,3 +1804,127 @@ select = ["UP006"]
 
     Ok(())
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn checks_notebooks_in_preview_mode() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let tempdir = TempDir::new()?;
+    std::fs::write(
+        tempdir.path().join("main.ipynb"),
+        r#"
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "ad6f36d9-4b7d-4562-8d00-f15a0f1fbb6d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import random"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.0"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}
+"#,
+    )?;
+
+    assert_cmd_snapshot!(Command::new(get_cargo_bin(BIN_NAME))
+        .args(STDIN_BASE_OPTIONS)
+        .arg("--select")
+        .arg("F401")
+        .arg("--preview")
+        .current_dir(&tempdir)
+        , @r###"
+    success: false
+    exit_code: 1
+    ----- stdout -----
+    main.ipynb:cell 1:1:8: F401 [*] `random` imported but unused
+    Found 1 error.
+    [*] 1 fixable with the `--fix` option.
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    "###);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn ignores_notebooks_in_stable() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    let tempdir = TempDir::new()?;
+    std::fs::write(
+        tempdir.path().join("main.ipynb"),
+        r#"
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "ad6f36d9-4b7d-4562-8d00-f15a0f1fbb6d",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import random"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.0"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}
+"#,
+    )?;
+
+    assert_cmd_snapshot!(Command::new(get_cargo_bin(BIN_NAME))
+        .args(STDIN_BASE_OPTIONS)
+        .arg("--select")
+        .arg("F401")
+        .current_dir(&tempdir)
+        , @r###"
+    success: true
+    exit_code: 0
+    ----- stdout -----
+    All checks passed!
+
+    ----- stderr -----
+    warning: No Python files found under the given path(s)
+    "###);
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/crates/ruff_workspace/src/configuration.rs b/crates/ruff_workspace/src/configuration.rs
index e4d16310639c2..5f08d054cdbbb 100644
--- a/crates/ruff_workspace/src/configuration.rs
+++ b/crates/ruff_workspace/src/configuration.rs
@@ -230,9 +230,15 @@ impl Configuration {
                 extend_exclude: FilePatternSet::try_from_iter(self.extend_exclude)?,
                 extend_include: FilePatternSet::try_from_iter(self.extend_include)?,
                 force_exclude: self.force_exclude.unwrap_or(false),
-                include: FilePatternSet::try_from_iter(
-                    self.include.unwrap_or_else(|| INCLUDE.to_vec()),
-                )?,
+                include: FilePatternSet::try_from_iter(self.include.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                    let mut include = INCLUDE.to_vec();
+
+                    if global_preview.is_enabled() {
+                        include.push(FilePattern::Builtin("*.ipynb"));
+                    }
+
+                    include
+                }))?,
                 respect_gitignore: self.respect_gitignore.unwrap_or(true),
                 project_root: project_root.to_path_buf(),
             },
diff --git a/crates/ruff_workspace/src/options.rs b/crates/ruff_workspace/src/options.rs
index 30ba34612b545..b0dbdd99f325c 100644
--- a/crates/ruff_workspace/src/options.rs
+++ b/crates/ruff_workspace/src/options.rs
@@ -241,6 +241,10 @@ pub struct Options {
     /// included here not for configuration but because we lint whether e.g. the
     /// `[project]` matches the schema.
     ///
+    /// If [preview](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/preview/) is enabled, the default
+    /// includes notebook files (`.ipynb` extension). You can exclude them by adding
+    /// `*.ipynb` to [`extend-exclude`](#extend-exclude).
+    ///
     /// For more information on the glob syntax, refer to the [`globset` documentation](https://docs.rs/globset/latest/globset/#syntax).
     #[option(
         default = r#"["*.py", "*.pyi", "**/pyproject.toml"]"#,
diff --git a/docs/configuration.md b/docs/configuration.md
index 23acfdede9558..04acc43173024 100644
--- a/docs/configuration.md
+++ b/docs/configuration.md
@@ -380,6 +380,10 @@ You can also change the default selection using the [`include`](settings.md#incl
 
 Ruff has built-in support for [Jupyter Notebooks](https://jupyter.org/).
 
+!!! info
+    Notebooks are linted and formatted by default when using [preview mode](preview).
+    You can opt-out of notebook linting and formatting by adding `*.ipynb` to [`extend-exclude`](settings.md#extend-exclude).
+
 To opt in to linting and formatting Jupyter Notebook (`.ipynb`) files, add the `*.ipynb` pattern to
 your [`extend-include`](settings.md#extend-include) setting, like so:
 
diff --git a/ruff.schema.json b/ruff.schema.json
index daf012bc8f759..dca601da07fe5 100644
--- a/ruff.schema.json
+++ b/ruff.schema.json
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@
       ]
     },
     "include": {
-      "description": "A list of file patterns to include when linting.\n\nInclusion are based on globs, and should be single-path patterns, like `*.pyw`, to include any file with the `.pyw` extension. `pyproject.toml` is included here not for configuration but because we lint whether e.g. the `[project]` matches the schema.\n\nFor more information on the glob syntax, refer to the [`globset` documentation](https://docs.rs/globset/latest/globset/#syntax).",
+      "description": "A list of file patterns to include when linting.\n\nInclusion are based on globs, and should be single-path patterns, like `*.pyw`, to include any file with the `.pyw` extension. `pyproject.toml` is included here not for configuration but because we lint whether e.g. the `[project]` matches the schema.\n\nIf [preview](https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/preview/) is enabled, the default includes notebook files (`.ipynb` extension). You can exclude them by adding `*.ipynb` to [`extend-exclude`](#extend-exclude).\n\nFor more information on the glob syntax, refer to the [`globset` documentation](https://docs.rs/globset/latest/globset/#syntax).",
       "type": [
         "array",
         "null"