CameraLauncher.java

/*
       Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
       or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
       distributed with this work for additional information
       regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
       to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
       "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
       with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

       Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
       software distributed under the License is distributed on an
       "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
       KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
       specific language governing permissions and limitations
       under the License.
*/
package org.apache.cordova.camera;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ActivityNotFoundException;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Bitmap.CompressFormat;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.media.ExifInterface;
import android.media.MediaScannerConnection;
import android.media.MediaScannerConnection.MediaScannerConnectionClient;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;
import android.util.Base64;
import android.system.Os;
import android.system.OsConstants;

import org.apache.cordova.BuildHelper;
import org.apache.cordova.CallbackContext;
import org.apache.cordova.CordovaPlugin;
import org.apache.cordova.LOG;
import org.apache.cordova.PermissionHelper;
import org.apache.cordova.PluginResult;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * This class launches the camera view, allows the user to take a picture, closes the camera view,
 * and returns the captured image.  When the camera view is closed, the screen displayed before
 * the camera view was shown is redisplayed.
 */
public class CameraLauncher extends CordovaPlugin implements MediaScannerConnectionClient {

    private static final int DATA_URL = 0;              // Return base64 encoded string
    private static final int FILE_URI = 1;              // Return file uri (content://media/external/images/media/2 for Android)

    private static final int PHOTOLIBRARY = 0;          // Choose image from picture library (same as SAVEDPHOTOALBUM for Android)
    private static final int CAMERA = 1;                // Take picture from camera
    private static final int SAVEDPHOTOALBUM = 2;       // Choose image from picture library (same as PHOTOLIBRARY for Android)

    private static final int PICTURE = 0;               // allow selection of still pictures only. DEFAULT. Will return format specified via DestinationType
    private static final int VIDEO = 1;                 // allow selection of video only, ONLY RETURNS URL
    private static final int ALLMEDIA = 2;              // allow selection from all media types

    private static final int JPEG = 0;                  // Take a picture of type JPEG
    private static final int PNG = 1;                   // Take a picture of type PNG
    private static final String JPEG_TYPE = "jpg";
    private static final String PNG_TYPE = "png";
    private static final String JPEG_EXTENSION = "." + JPEG_TYPE;
    private static final String PNG_EXTENSION = "." + PNG_TYPE;
    private static final String PNG_MIME_TYPE = "image/png";
    private static final String JPEG_MIME_TYPE = "image/jpeg";
    private static final String HEIC_MIME_TYPE = "image/heic";
    private static final String GET_PICTURE = "Get Picture";
    private static final String GET_VIDEO = "Get Video";
    private static final String GET_All = "Get All";
    private static final String CROPPED_URI_KEY = "croppedUri";
    private static final String IMAGE_URI_KEY = "imageUri";

    private static final String TAKE_PICTURE_ACTION = "takePicture";

    public static final int PERMISSION_DENIED_ERROR = 20;
    public static final int TAKE_PIC_SEC = 0;
    public static final int SAVE_TO_ALBUM_SEC = 1;

    private static final String LOG_TAG = "CameraLauncher";

    //Where did this come from?
    private static final int CROP_CAMERA = 100;

    private static final String TIME_FORMAT = "yyyyMMdd_HHmmss";

    private int mQuality;                   // Compression quality hint (0-100: 0=low quality & high compression, 100=compress of max quality)
    private int targetWidth;                // desired width of the image
    private int targetHeight;               // desired height of the image
    private Uri imageUri;                   // Uri of captured image
    private int encodingType;               // Type of encoding to use
    private int mediaType;                  // What type of media to retrieve
    private int destType;                   // Source type (needs to be saved for the permission handling)
    private int srcType;                    // Destination type (needs to be saved for permission handling)
    private boolean saveToPhotoAlbum;       // Should the picture be saved to the device's photo album
    private boolean correctOrientation;     // Should the pictures orientation be corrected
    private boolean orientationCorrected;   // Has the picture's orientation been corrected
    private boolean allowEdit;              // Should we allow the user to crop the image.

    public CallbackContext callbackContext;

    private MediaScannerConnection conn;    // Used to update gallery app with newly-written files
    private Uri scanMe;                     // Uri of image to be added to content store
    private Uri croppedUri;
    private String croppedFilePath;
    private ExifHelper exifData;            // Exif data from source
    private String applicationId;


    /**
     * Executes the request and returns PluginResult.
     *
     * @param action            The action to execute.
     * @param args              JSONArry of arguments for the plugin.
     * @param callbackContext   The callback id used when calling back into JavaScript.
     * @return                  A PluginResult object with a status and message.
     */
    public boolean execute(String action, JSONArray args, CallbackContext callbackContext) throws JSONException {
        this.callbackContext = callbackContext;

        this.applicationId = cordova.getContext().getPackageName();
        this.applicationId = preferences.getString("applicationId", this.applicationId);

        if (action.equals(TAKE_PICTURE_ACTION)) {
            this.srcType = CAMERA;
            this.destType = FILE_URI;
            this.saveToPhotoAlbum = false;
            this.targetHeight = 0;
            this.targetWidth = 0;
            this.encodingType = JPEG;
            this.mediaType = PICTURE;
            this.mQuality = 50;

            //Take the values from the arguments if they're not already defined (this is tricky)
            this.destType = args.getInt(1);
            this.srcType = args.getInt(2);
            this.mQuality = args.getInt(0);
            this.targetWidth = args.getInt(3);
            this.targetHeight = args.getInt(4);
            this.encodingType = args.getInt(5);
            this.mediaType = args.getInt(6);
            this.allowEdit = args.getBoolean(7);
            this.correctOrientation = args.getBoolean(8);
            this.saveToPhotoAlbum = args.getBoolean(9);

            // If the user specifies a 0 or smaller width/height
            // make it -1 so later comparisons succeed
            if (this.targetWidth < 1) {
                this.targetWidth = -1;
            }
            if (this.targetHeight < 1) {
                this.targetHeight = -1;
            }

            // We don't return full-quality PNG files. The camera outputs a JPEG
            // so requesting it as a PNG provides no actual benefit
            if (this.targetHeight == -1 && this.targetWidth == -1 && this.mQuality == 100 &&
                    !this.correctOrientation && this.encodingType == PNG && this.srcType == CAMERA) {
                this.encodingType = JPEG;
            }

            try {
                if (this.srcType == CAMERA) {
                    this.callTakePicture(destType, encodingType);
                }
                else if ((this.srcType == PHOTOLIBRARY) || (this.srcType == SAVEDPHOTOALBUM)) {
                    this.getImage(this.srcType, destType);
                }
            }
            catch (IllegalStateException e)
            {
                callbackContext.error(e.getLocalizedMessage());
                PluginResult r = new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR);
                callbackContext.sendPluginResult(r);
                return true;
            }
            catch (IllegalArgumentException e)
            {
                callbackContext.error("Illegal Argument Exception");
                PluginResult r = new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR);
                callbackContext.sendPluginResult(r);
                return true;
            }

            PluginResult r = new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.NO_RESULT);
            r.setKeepCallback(true);
            callbackContext.sendPluginResult(r);

            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // LOCAL METHODS
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------------

    private String getTempDirectoryPath() {
        File cache = cordova.getActivity().getCacheDir();
        // Create the cache directory if it doesn't exist
        cache.mkdirs();
        return cache.getAbsolutePath();
    }

    /**
     * Take a picture with the camera.
     * When an image is captured or the camera view is cancelled, the result is returned
     * in CordovaActivity.onActivityResult, which forwards the result to this.onActivityResult.
     *
     * The image can either be returned as a base64 string or a URI that points to the file.
     * To display base64 string in an img tag, set the source to:
     *      img.src="data:image/jpeg;base64,"+result;
     * or to display URI in an img tag
     *      img.src=result;
     *
     * @param returnType        Set the type of image to return.
     * @param encodingType           Compression quality hint (0-100: 0=low quality & high compression, 100=compress of max quality)
     */
    public void callTakePicture(int returnType, int encodingType) throws IllegalStateException {

        // CB-10120: The CAMERA permission does not need to be requested unless it is declared
        // in AndroidManifest.xml. This plugin does not declare it, but others may and so we must
        // check the package info to determine if the permission is present.
        boolean manifestContainsCameraPermission = false;

        // write permission is not necessary, unless if we are saving to photo album
        // On API 29+ devices, write permission is completely obsolete and not required.
        boolean manifestContainsWriteExternalPermission = false;

        boolean cameraPermissionGranted = PermissionHelper.hasPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
        boolean writeExternalPermissionGranted = false;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
            writeExternalPermissionGranted = PermissionHelper.hasPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        }
        else {
            writeExternalPermissionGranted = true;
        }

        try {
            PackageManager packageManager = this.cordova.getActivity().getPackageManager();
            String[] permissionsInPackage = packageManager.getPackageInfo(this.cordova.getActivity().getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS).requestedPermissions;
            if (permissionsInPackage != null) {
                for (String permission : permissionsInPackage) {
                    if (permission.equals(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
                        manifestContainsCameraPermission = true;
                    }
                    else if (permission.equals(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {
                        manifestContainsWriteExternalPermission = true;
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
            // We are requesting the info for our package, so this should
            // never be caught
        }

        ArrayList<String> requiredPermissions = new ArrayList<>();
        if (manifestContainsCameraPermission && !cameraPermissionGranted) {
            requiredPermissions.add(Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
        }

        if (saveToPhotoAlbum && !writeExternalPermissionGranted) {
            // This block only applies for API 24-28
            // because writeExternalPermissionGranted is always true on API 29+
            if (!manifestContainsWriteExternalPermission) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission not declared in AndroidManifest");
            }

            requiredPermissions.add(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        }

        if (!requiredPermissions.isEmpty()) {
            PermissionHelper.requestPermissions(this, TAKE_PIC_SEC, requiredPermissions.toArray(new String[0]));
        }
        else {
            takePicture(returnType, encodingType);
        }
    }

    public void takePicture(int returnType, int encodingType)
    {
        // Let's use the intent and see what happens
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);

        // Specify file so that large image is captured and returned
        File photo = createCaptureFile(encodingType);
        this.imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(
            cordova.getActivity(),
            applicationId + ".cordova.plugin.camera.provider",
            photo
        );
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
        //We can write to this URI, this will hopefully allow us to write files to get to the next step
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);

        if (this.cordova != null) {
            // Let's check to make sure the camera is actually installed. (Legacy Nexus 7 code)
            PackageManager mPm = this.cordova.getActivity().getPackageManager();
            if(intent.resolveActivity(mPm) != null)
            {
                this.cordova.startActivityForResult((CordovaPlugin) this, intent, (CAMERA + 1) * 16 + returnType + 1);
            }
            else
            {
                LOG.d(LOG_TAG, "Error: You don't have a default camera.  Your device may not be CTS complaint.");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create a file in the applications temporary directory based upon the supplied encoding.
     *
     * @param encodingType of the image to be taken
     * @return a File object pointing to the temporary picture
     */
    private File createCaptureFile(int encodingType) {
        return createCaptureFile(encodingType, "");
    }

    /**
     * Create a file in the applications temporary directory based upon the supplied encoding.
     *
     * @param encodingType of the image to be taken
     * @param fileName or resultant File object.
     * @return a File object pointing to the temporary picture
     */
    private File createCaptureFile(int encodingType, String fileName) {
        if (fileName.isEmpty()) {
            fileName = ".Pic";
        }

        if (encodingType == JPEG) {
            fileName = fileName + JPEG_EXTENSION;
        } else if (encodingType == PNG) {
            fileName = fileName + PNG_EXTENSION;
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid Encoding Type: " + encodingType);
        }

        File cacheDir = new File(getTempDirectoryPath(), "org.apache.cordova.camera");
        cacheDir.mkdir();

        return new File(cacheDir, fileName);
    }


    /**
     * Get image from photo library.
     *
     * @param srcType           The album to get image from.
     * @param returnType        Set the type of image to return.
     */
    // TODO: Images selected from SDCARD don't display correctly, but from CAMERA ALBUM do!
    // TODO: Images from kitkat filechooser not going into crop function
    public void getImage(int srcType, int returnType) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        String title = GET_PICTURE;
        croppedUri = null;
        croppedFilePath = null;
        if (this.mediaType == PICTURE) {
            intent.setType("image/*");
            if (this.allowEdit) {
                intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
                intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
                if (targetWidth > 0) {
                    intent.putExtra("outputX", targetWidth);
                }
                if (targetHeight > 0) {
                    intent.putExtra("outputY", targetHeight);
                }
                if (targetHeight > 0 && targetWidth > 0 && targetWidth == targetHeight) {
                    intent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
                    intent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
                }
                File croppedFile = createCaptureFile(JPEG);
                croppedFilePath = croppedFile.getAbsolutePath();
                croppedUri = Uri.fromFile(croppedFile);
                intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, croppedUri);
            } else {
                intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
                intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
            }
        } else if (this.mediaType == VIDEO) {
            intent.setType("video/*");
            title = GET_VIDEO;
            intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
            intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
        } else if (this.mediaType == ALLMEDIA) {
            // I wanted to make the type 'image/*, video/*' but this does not work on all versions
            // of android so I had to go with the wildcard search.
            intent.setType("*/*");
            title = GET_All;
            intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
            intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
        }
        if (this.cordova != null) {
            this.cordova.startActivityForResult((CordovaPlugin) this, Intent.createChooser(intent,
                    new String(title)), (srcType + 1) * 16 + returnType + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Brings up the UI to perform crop on passed image URI
     *
     * @param picUri
     */
    private void performCrop(Uri picUri, int destType, Intent cameraIntent) {
        try {
            Intent cropIntent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
            // indicate image type and Uri
            cropIntent.setDataAndType(picUri, "image/*");
            // set crop properties
            cropIntent.putExtra("crop", "true");

            // indicate output X and Y
            if (targetWidth > 0) {
                cropIntent.putExtra("outputX", targetWidth);
            }
            if (targetHeight > 0) {
                cropIntent.putExtra("outputY", targetHeight);
            }
            if (targetHeight > 0 && targetWidth > 0 && targetWidth == targetHeight) {
                cropIntent.putExtra("aspectX", 1);
                cropIntent.putExtra("aspectY", 1);
            }
            // create new file handle to get full resolution crop
            croppedFilePath = createCaptureFile(this.encodingType, System.currentTimeMillis() + "").getAbsolutePath();
            croppedUri = Uri.parse(croppedFilePath);
            cropIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
            cropIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
            cropIntent.putExtra("output", croppedUri);

            // start the activity - we handle returning in onActivityResult

            if (this.cordova != null) {
                this.cordova.startActivityForResult((CordovaPlugin) this,
                        cropIntent, CROP_CAMERA + destType);
            }
        } catch (ActivityNotFoundException anfe) {
            LOG.e(LOG_TAG, "Crop operation not supported on this device");
            try {
                processResultFromCamera(destType, cameraIntent);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                LOG.e(LOG_TAG, "Unable to write to file");
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Applies all needed transformation to the image received from the camera.
     *
     * @param destType          In which form should we return the image
     * @param intent            An Intent, which can return result data to the caller (various data can be attached to Intent "extras").
     */
    private void processResultFromCamera(int destType, Intent intent) throws IOException {
        int rotate = 0;

        // Create an ExifHelper to save the exif data that is lost during compression
        ExifHelper exif = new ExifHelper();

        InputStream input = null;
        String mimeType;
        if (this.allowEdit && this.croppedUri != null) {
            input = new FileInputStream(this.croppedFilePath);
            mimeType = FileHelper.getMimeTypeForExtension(this.croppedFilePath);
        }
        else {
            input = cordova.getActivity().getContentResolver().openInputStream(imageUri);
            mimeType = FileHelper.getMimeType(imageUri.toString(), cordova);
        }

        if (input == null) {
            throw new IOException("Unable to open result source.");
        }

        byte[] sourceData = readData(input);

        try {
            if (this.encodingType == JPEG) {
                try {
                    //We don't support PNG, so let's not pretend we do
                    exif.createInFile(new ByteArrayInputStream(sourceData));
                    exif.readExifData();
                    rotate = exif.getOrientation();

                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            Bitmap bitmap = null;
            Uri galleryUri = null;

            // CB-5479 When this option is given the unchanged image should be saved
            // in the gallery and the modified image is saved in the temporary
            // directory
            if (this.saveToPhotoAlbum) {
                GalleryPathVO galleryPathVO = getPicturesPath();
                galleryUri = Uri.fromFile(new File(galleryPathVO.getGalleryPath()));

                if (this.allowEdit && this.croppedUri != null) {
                    writeUncompressedImage(croppedUri, galleryUri);
                } else {
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
                        writeTakenPictureToGalleryLowerThanAndroidQ(galleryUri);
                    } else { // Android Q or higher
                        writeTakenPictureToGalleryStartingFromAndroidQ(galleryPathVO);
                    }
                }
            }

            // If sending base64 image back
            if (destType == DATA_URL) {
                bitmap = getScaledAndRotatedBitmap(sourceData, mimeType);

                if (bitmap == null) {
                    // Try to get the bitmap from intent.
                    bitmap = (Bitmap) intent.getExtras().get("data");
                }

                // Double-check the bitmap.
                if (bitmap == null) {
                    LOG.d(LOG_TAG, "I either have an unreadable imageUri or null bitmap");
                    this.failPicture("Unable to create bitmap!");
                    return;
                }

                this.processPicture(bitmap, this.encodingType);
            }

            // If sending filename back
            else if (destType == FILE_URI) {
                // If all this is true we shouldn't compress the image.
                if (this.targetHeight == -1 && this.targetWidth == -1 && this.mQuality == 100 &&
                    !this.correctOrientation) {

                    // If we saved the uncompressed photo to the album, we can just
                    // return the URI we already created
                    if (this.saveToPhotoAlbum) {
                        this.callbackContext.success(galleryUri.toString());
                    } else {
                        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(createCaptureFile(this.encodingType, System.currentTimeMillis() + ""));

                        if (this.allowEdit && this.croppedUri != null) {
                            Uri croppedUri = Uri.parse(croppedFilePath);
                            writeUncompressedImage(croppedUri, uri);
                        } else {
                            Uri imageUri = this.imageUri;
                            writeUncompressedImage(imageUri, uri);
                        }

                        this.callbackContext.success(uri.toString());
                    }
                } else {
                    Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(createCaptureFile(this.encodingType, System.currentTimeMillis() + ""));
                    bitmap = getScaledAndRotatedBitmap(sourceData, mimeType);

                    // Double-check the bitmap.
                    if (bitmap == null) {
                        LOG.d(LOG_TAG, "I either have an unreadable imageUri or null bitmap");
                        this.failPicture("Unable to create bitmap!");
                        return;
                    }

                    // Add compressed version of captured image to returned media store Uri
                    OutputStream os = this.cordova.getActivity().getContentResolver().openOutputStream(uri);
                    CompressFormat compressFormat = getCompressFormatForEncodingType(encodingType);

                    bitmap.compress(compressFormat, this.mQuality, os);
                    os.close();

                    // Restore exif data to file
                    if (this.encodingType == JPEG) {
                        String exifPath;
                        exifPath = uri.getPath();
                        //We just finished rotating it by an arbitrary orientation, just make sure it's normal
                        if (rotate != ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL)
                            exif.resetOrientation();
                        exif.createOutFile(exifPath);
                        exif.writeExifData();
                    }

                    // Send Uri back to JavaScript for viewing image
                    this.callbackContext.success(uri.toString());
                }
            } else {
                throw new IllegalStateException();
            }

            this.cleanup(this.imageUri, galleryUri, bitmap);
            bitmap = null;
            input.close();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            input.close();
            throw e;
        }
    }

    private void writeTakenPictureToGalleryLowerThanAndroidQ(Uri galleryUri) throws IOException {
        writeUncompressedImage(imageUri, galleryUri);
        refreshGallery(galleryUri);
    }

    private void writeTakenPictureToGalleryStartingFromAndroidQ(GalleryPathVO galleryPathVO) throws IOException {
        // Starting from Android Q, working with the ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE intent is deprecated
        // https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE
        // we must start working with the MediaStore from Android Q on.
        ContentResolver resolver = this.cordova.getActivity().getContentResolver();
        ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
        contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, galleryPathVO.getGalleryFileName());
        contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, getMimetypeForEncodingType());
        Uri galleryOutputUri = resolver.insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, contentValues);

        InputStream fileStream = org.apache.cordova.camera.FileHelper.getInputStreamFromUriString(imageUri.toString(), cordova);
        writeUncompressedImage(fileStream, galleryOutputUri);
    }

    private CompressFormat getCompressFormatForEncodingType(int encodingType) {
        return encodingType == JPEG ? CompressFormat.JPEG : CompressFormat.PNG;
    }

    private GalleryPathVO getPicturesPath() {
        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat(TIME_FORMAT).format(new Date());
        String imageFileName = "IMG_" + timeStamp + getExtensionForEncodingType();
        File storageDir = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        storageDir.mkdirs();
        return new GalleryPathVO(storageDir.getAbsolutePath(), imageFileName);
    }

    private void refreshGallery(Uri contentUri) {
        Intent mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);
        // Starting from Android Q, working with the ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE intent is deprecated
        mediaScanIntent.setData(contentUri);
        this.cordova.getActivity().sendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
    }

    /**
     * Converts output image format int value to string value of mime type.
     * @return String String value of mime type or empty string if mime type is not supported
     */
    private String getMimetypeForEncodingType() {
        if (encodingType == PNG) return PNG_MIME_TYPE;
        if (encodingType == JPEG) return JPEG_MIME_TYPE;
        return "";
    }


    private String outputModifiedBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, Uri uri, String mimeTypeOfOriginalFile) throws IOException {
        // Some content: URIs do not map to file paths (e.g. picasa).
        String realPath = FileHelper.getRealPath(uri, this.cordova);
        String fileName = calculateModifiedBitmapOutputFileName(mimeTypeOfOriginalFile, realPath);

        String modifiedPath = getTempDirectoryPath() + "/" + fileName;

        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(modifiedPath);
        CompressFormat compressFormat = getCompressFormatForEncodingType(this.encodingType);

        bitmap.compress(compressFormat, this.mQuality, os);
        os.close();

        if (exifData != null && this.encodingType == JPEG) {
            try {
                if (this.correctOrientation && this.orientationCorrected) {
                    exifData.resetOrientation();
                }
                exifData.createOutFile(modifiedPath);
                exifData.writeExifData();
                exifData = null;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return modifiedPath;
    }

    private String calculateModifiedBitmapOutputFileName(String mimeTypeOfOriginalFile, String realPath) {
        if (realPath == null) {
            return "modified" + getExtensionForEncodingType();
        }
        String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
        if (getMimetypeForEncodingType().equals(mimeTypeOfOriginalFile)) {
            return fileName;
        }
        // if the picture is not a jpeg or png, (a .heic for example) when processed to a bitmap
        // the file extension is changed to the output format, f.e. an input file my_photo.heic could become my_photo.jpg
        return fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1) + getExtensionForEncodingType();
    }

    private String getExtensionForEncodingType() {
        return this.encodingType == JPEG ? JPEG_EXTENSION : PNG_EXTENSION;
    }


    /**
     * Applies all needed transformation to the image received from the gallery.
     *
     * @param destType In which form should we return the image
     * @param intent   An Intent, which can return result data to the caller (various data can be attached to Intent "extras").
     */
    private void processResultFromGallery(int destType, Intent intent) {
        Uri uri = intent.getData();
        if (uri == null) {
            if (croppedUri != null) {
                uri = croppedUri;
            } else {
                this.failPicture("null data from photo library");
                return;
            }
        }

        String uriString = uri.toString();
        String mimeTypeOfGalleryFile = FileHelper.getMimeType(uriString, this.cordova);
        InputStream input;
        try {
            input = cordova.getActivity().getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            this.failPicture("Unable to open gallery input stream");
            return;
        }

        if (input == null) {
            this.failPicture("Unable to open gallery input stream");
            return;
        }

        try {
            byte[] data = readData(input);

            // If you ask for video or the selected file cannot be processed
            // there will be no attempt to resize any returned data.
            if (this.mediaType == VIDEO || !isImageMimeTypeProcessable(mimeTypeOfGalleryFile)) {
                this.callbackContext.success(uriString);
            } else {
                Bitmap bitmap = null;

                // This is a special case to just return the path as no scaling,
                // rotating, nor compressing needs to be done
                if (this.targetHeight == -1 && this.targetWidth == -1 &&
                    destType == FILE_URI && !this.correctOrientation &&
                    getMimetypeForEncodingType().equalsIgnoreCase(mimeTypeOfGalleryFile)) {
                    this.callbackContext.success(uriString);
                } else {
                    try {
                        bitmap = getScaledAndRotatedBitmap(data, mimeTypeOfGalleryFile);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    if (bitmap == null) {
                        LOG.d(LOG_TAG, "I either have an unreadable uri or null bitmap");
                        this.failPicture("Unable to create bitmap!");
                        return;
                    }

                    // If sending base64 image back
                    if (destType == DATA_URL) {
                        this.processPicture(bitmap, this.encodingType);
                    }

                    // If sending filename back
                    else if (destType == FILE_URI) {
                        // Did we modify the image?
                        if ((this.targetHeight > 0 && this.targetWidth > 0) ||
                            (this.correctOrientation && this.orientationCorrected) ||
                            !mimeTypeOfGalleryFile.equalsIgnoreCase(getMimetypeForEncodingType())) {
                            try {
                                String modifiedPath = this.outputModifiedBitmap(bitmap, uri, mimeTypeOfGalleryFile);
                                // The modified image is cached by the app in order to get around this and not have to delete you
                                // application cache I'm adding the current system time to the end of the file url.
                                this.callbackContext.success("file://" + modifiedPath + "?" + System.currentTimeMillis());

                            } catch (Exception e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                                this.failPicture("Error retrieving image: " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
                            }
                        } else {
                            this.callbackContext.success(uriString);
                        }
                    }
                    if (bitmap != null) {
                        bitmap.recycle();
                        bitmap = null;
                    }
                    System.gc();
                }
                if (bitmap == null) {
                    LOG.d(LOG_TAG, "I either have an unreadable uri or null bitmap");
                    this.failPicture("Unable to create bitmap!");
                    return;
                }

                // If sending base64 image back
                if (destType == DATA_URL) {
                    this.processPicture(bitmap, this.encodingType);
                }

                // If sending filename back
                else if (destType == FILE_URI) {
                    // Did we modify the image?
                    if ( (this.targetHeight > 0 && this.targetWidth > 0) ||
                            (this.correctOrientation && this.orientationCorrected) ||
                            !mimeTypeOfGalleryFile.equalsIgnoreCase(getMimetypeForEncodingType()))
                    {
                        try {
                            String modifiedPath = this.outputModifiedBitmap(bitmap, uri, mimeTypeOfGalleryFile);
                            // The modified image is cached by the app in order to get around this and not have to delete you
                            // application cache I'm adding the current system time to the end of the file url.
                            this.callbackContext.success("file://" + modifiedPath + "?" + System.currentTimeMillis());

                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                            this.failPicture("Error retrieving image: "+e.getLocalizedMessage());
                        }
                    } else {
                        this.callbackContext.success(uriString);
                    }
                }
                if (bitmap != null) {
                    bitmap.recycle();
                    bitmap = null;
                }
                System.gc();
            }

            input.close();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            try {
                input.close();
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            this.failPicture(e.getLocalizedMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * JPEG, PNG and HEIC mime types (images) can be scaled, decreased in quantity, corrected by orientation.
     * But f.e. an image/gif cannot be scaled, but is can be selected through the PHOTOLIBRARY.
     *
     * @param mimeType The mimeType to check
     * @return if the mimeType is a processable image mime type
     */
    private boolean isImageMimeTypeProcessable(String mimeType) {
        return JPEG_MIME_TYPE.equalsIgnoreCase(mimeType) || PNG_MIME_TYPE.equalsIgnoreCase(mimeType)
               || HEIC_MIME_TYPE.equalsIgnoreCase(mimeType);
    }

    /**
     * Called when the camera view exits.
     *
     * @param requestCode The request code originally supplied to startActivityForResult(),
     *                    allowing you to identify who this result came from.
     * @param resultCode  The integer result code returned by the child activity through its setResult().
     * @param intent      An Intent, which can return result data to the caller (various data can be attached to Intent "extras").
     */
    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {

        // Get src and dest types from request code for a Camera Activity
        int srcType = (requestCode / 16) - 1;
        int destType = (requestCode % 16) - 1;

        // If Camera Crop
        if (requestCode >= CROP_CAMERA) {
            if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {

                // Because of the inability to pass through multiple intents, this hack will allow us
                // to pass arcane codes back.
                destType = requestCode - CROP_CAMERA;
                try {
                    processResultFromCamera(destType, intent);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    LOG.e(LOG_TAG, "Unable to write to file");
                }

            }// If cancelled
            else if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_CANCELED) {
                this.failPicture("No Image Selected");
            }

            // If something else
            else {
                this.failPicture("Did not complete!");
            }
        }
        // If CAMERA
        else if (srcType == CAMERA) {
            // If image available
            if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
                try {
                    if (this.allowEdit) {
                        Uri tmpFile = FileProvider.getUriForFile(cordova.getActivity(),
                        applicationId + ".cordova.plugin.camera.provider",
                        createCaptureFile(this.encodingType));
                        performCrop(tmpFile, destType, intent);
                    } else {
                        this.processResultFromCamera(destType, intent);
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    this.failPicture("Error capturing image: "+e.getLocalizedMessage());
                }
            }

            // If cancelled
            else if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_CANCELED) {
                this.failPicture("No Image Selected");
            }

            // If something else
            else {
                this.failPicture("Did not complete!");
            }
        }
        // If retrieving photo from library
        else if ((srcType == PHOTOLIBRARY) || (srcType == SAVEDPHOTOALBUM)) {
            if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK && intent != null) {
                final Intent i = intent;
                final int finalDestType = destType;
                cordova.getThreadPool().execute(new Runnable() {
                    public void run() {
                        processResultFromGallery(finalDestType, i);
                    }
                });
            } else if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_CANCELED) {
                this.failPicture("No Image Selected");
            } else {
                this.failPicture("Selection did not complete!");
            }
        }
    }

    private int exifToDegrees(int exifOrientation) {
        if (exifOrientation == ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90) {
            return 90;
        } else if (exifOrientation == ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180) {
            return 180;
        } else if (exifOrientation == ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270) {
            return 270;
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Write an inputstream to local disk
     *
     * @param fis - The InputStream to write
     * @param dest - Destination on disk to write to
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void writeUncompressedImage(InputStream fis, Uri dest) throws FileNotFoundException,
                                                                          IOException {
        OutputStream os = null;
        try {
            os = this.cordova.getActivity().getContentResolver().openOutputStream(dest);
            byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
            int len;
            while ((len = fis.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                os.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
            os.flush();
        } finally {
            if (os != null) {
                try {
                    os.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    LOG.d(LOG_TAG, "Exception while closing output stream.");
                }
            }
            if (fis != null) {
                try {
                    fis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    LOG.d(LOG_TAG, "Exception while closing file input stream.");
                }
            }
        }
    }
    /**
     * In the special case where the default width, height and quality are unchanged
     * we just write the file out to disk saving the expensive Bitmap.compress function.
     *
     * @param src
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void writeUncompressedImage(Uri src, Uri dest) throws FileNotFoundException,
                                                                  IOException {

        InputStream fis = FileHelper.getInputStreamFromUriString(src.toString(), cordova);
        writeUncompressedImage(fis, dest);

    }

    /**
     * Return a scaled and rotated bitmap based on the target width and height
     *
     * @param data
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private Bitmap getScaledAndRotatedBitmap(byte[] data, String mimeType) throws IOException {
        // If no new width or height were specified, and orientation is not needed return the original bitmap
        if (this.targetWidth <= 0 && this.targetHeight <= 0 && !(this.correctOrientation)) {
            Bitmap image = null;
            try {
                image = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(data));
            } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
                callbackContext.error(e.getLocalizedMessage());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                callbackContext.error(e.getLocalizedMessage());
            }
            return image;
        }

        int rotate = 0;
        try {
            try {
                if (JPEG_MIME_TYPE.equalsIgnoreCase(mimeType)) {
                    exifData = new ExifHelper();
                    exifData.createInFile(new ByteArrayInputStream(data));
                    exifData.readExifData();
                    // Use ExifInterface to pull rotation information
                    if (this.correctOrientation) {
                        ExifInterface exif = new ExifInterface(new ByteArrayInputStream(data));
                        rotate = exifToDegrees(exif.getAttributeInt(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION, ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_UNDEFINED));
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception oe) {
                LOG.w(LOG_TAG,"Unable to read Exif data: " + oe.toString());
                rotate = 0;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            LOG.e(LOG_TAG,"Exception while getting input stream: " + e.toString());
            return null;
        }

        // figure out the original width and height of the image
        BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(data), null, options);

        //CB-2292: WTF? Why is the width null?
        if (options.outWidth == 0 || options.outHeight == 0) {
            return null;
        }

        // User didn't specify output dimensions, but they need orientation
        if (this.targetWidth <= 0 && this.targetHeight <= 0) {
            this.targetWidth = options.outWidth;
            this.targetHeight = options.outHeight;
        }

        // Setup target width/height based on orientation
        int rotatedWidth, rotatedHeight;
        boolean rotated = false;
        if (rotate == 90 || rotate == 270) {
            rotatedWidth = options.outHeight;
            rotatedHeight = options.outWidth;
            rotated = true;
        } else {
            rotatedWidth = options.outWidth;
            rotatedHeight = options.outHeight;
        }

        // determine the correct aspect ratio
        int[] widthHeight = calculateAspectRatio(rotatedWidth, rotatedHeight);

        // Load in the smallest bitmap possible that is closest to the size we want
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        options.inSampleSize = calculateSampleSize(rotatedWidth, rotatedHeight,  widthHeight[0], widthHeight[1]);
        Bitmap unscaledBitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(data), null, options);;

        if (unscaledBitmap == null) {
            return null;
        }

        int scaledWidth = (!rotated) ? widthHeight[0] : widthHeight[1];
        int scaledHeight = (!rotated) ? widthHeight[1] : widthHeight[0];

        Bitmap scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(unscaledBitmap, scaledWidth, scaledHeight, true);
        if (scaledBitmap != unscaledBitmap) {
            unscaledBitmap.recycle();
            unscaledBitmap = null;
        }

        if (this.correctOrientation && (rotate != 0)) {
            Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
            matrix.setRotate(rotate);
            try {
                scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(scaledBitmap, 0, 0, scaledBitmap.getWidth(), scaledBitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true);
                this.orientationCorrected = true;
            } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) {
                this.orientationCorrected = false;
            }
        }
        return scaledBitmap;
    }

    /**
     * Maintain the aspect ratio so the resulting image does not look smooshed
     *
     * @param origWidth
     * @param origHeight
     * @return
     */
    public int[] calculateAspectRatio(int origWidth, int origHeight) {
        int newWidth = this.targetWidth;
        int newHeight = this.targetHeight;

        // If no new width or height were specified return the original bitmap
        if (newWidth <= 0 && newHeight <= 0) {
            newWidth = origWidth;
            newHeight = origHeight;
        }
        // Only the width was specified
        else if (newWidth > 0 && newHeight <= 0) {
            newHeight = (int)((double)(newWidth / (double)origWidth) * origHeight);
        }
        // only the height was specified
        else if (newWidth <= 0 && newHeight > 0) {
            newWidth = (int)((double)(newHeight / (double)origHeight) * origWidth);
        }
        // If the user specified both a positive width and height
        // (potentially different aspect ratio) then the width or height is
        // scaled so that the image fits while maintaining aspect ratio.
        // Alternatively, the specified width and height could have been
        // kept and Bitmap.SCALE_TO_FIT specified when scaling, but this
        // would result in whitespace in the new image.
        else {
            double newRatio = newWidth / (double) newHeight;
            double origRatio = origWidth / (double) origHeight;

            if (origRatio > newRatio) {
                newHeight = (newWidth * origHeight) / origWidth;
            } else if (origRatio < newRatio) {
                newWidth = (newHeight * origWidth) / origHeight;
            }
        }

        int[] retval = new int[2];
        retval[0] = newWidth;
        retval[1] = newHeight;
        return retval;
    }

    /**
     * Figure out what ratio we can load our image into memory at while still being bigger than
     * our desired width and height
     *
     * @param srcWidth
     * @param srcHeight
     * @param dstWidth
     * @param dstHeight
     * @return
     */
    public static int calculateSampleSize(int srcWidth, int srcHeight, int dstWidth, int dstHeight) {
        final float srcAspect = (float) srcWidth / (float) srcHeight;
        final float dstAspect = (float) dstWidth / (float) dstHeight;

        if (srcAspect > dstAspect) {
            return srcWidth / dstWidth;
        } else {
            return srcHeight / dstHeight;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Cleans up after picture taking. Checking for duplicates and that kind of stuff.
     *
     * @param newImage
     */
    private void cleanup(Uri oldImage, Uri newImage, Bitmap bitmap) {
        if (bitmap != null) {
            bitmap.recycle();
        }

        // Clean up initial camera-written image file.
        (new File(FileHelper.stripFileProtocol(oldImage.toString()))).delete();

        // Scan for the gallery to update pic refs in gallery
        if (this.saveToPhotoAlbum && newImage != null) {
            this.scanForGallery(newImage);
        }

        System.gc();
    }

    /**
     * Determine if we are storing the images in internal or external storage
     *
     * @return Uri
     */
    private Uri whichContentStore() {
        if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
            return MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        } else {
            return MediaStore.Images.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Compress bitmap using jpeg, convert to Base64 encoded string, and return to JavaScript.
     *
     * @param bitmap
     */
    public void processPicture(Bitmap bitmap, int encodingType) {
        ByteArrayOutputStream dataStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        CompressFormat compressFormat = getCompressFormatForEncodingType(encodingType);

        try {
            if (bitmap.compress(compressFormat, mQuality, dataStream)) {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder()
                    .append("data:")
                    .append(encodingType == PNG ? PNG_MIME_TYPE : JPEG_MIME_TYPE)
                    .append(";base64,");
                byte[] code = dataStream.toByteArray();
                byte[] output = Base64.encode(code, Base64.NO_WRAP);
                sb.append(new String(output));
                this.callbackContext.success(sb.toString());
                output = null;
                code = null;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            this.failPicture("Error compressing image: "+e.getLocalizedMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Send error message to JavaScript.
     *
     * @param err
     */
    public void failPicture(String err) {
        this.callbackContext.error(err);
    }

    private void scanForGallery(Uri newImage) {
        this.scanMe = newImage;
        if (this.conn != null) {
            this.conn.disconnect();
        }
        this.conn = new MediaScannerConnection(this.cordova.getActivity().getApplicationContext(), this);
        conn.connect();
    }

    public void onMediaScannerConnected() {
        try {
            this.conn.scanFile(this.scanMe.toString(), "image/*");
        } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
            LOG.e(LOG_TAG, "Can't scan file in MediaScanner after taking picture");
        }

    }

    public void onScanCompleted(String path, Uri uri) {
        this.conn.disconnect();
    }

    public void onRequestPermissionResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
                                          int[] grantResults) {
        for (int r : grantResults) {
            if (r == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                this.callbackContext.sendPluginResult(new PluginResult(PluginResult.Status.ERROR, PERMISSION_DENIED_ERROR));
                return;
            }
        }
        switch (requestCode) {
            case TAKE_PIC_SEC:
                takePicture(this.destType, this.encodingType);
                break;
            case SAVE_TO_ALBUM_SEC:
                this.getImage(this.srcType, this.destType);
                break;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Taking or choosing a picture launches another Activity, so we need to implement the
     * save/restore APIs to handle the case where the CordovaActivity is killed by the OS
     * before we get the launched Activity's result.
     */
    public Bundle onSaveInstanceState() {
        Bundle state = new Bundle();
        state.putInt("destType", this.destType);
        state.putInt("srcType", this.srcType);
        state.putInt("mQuality", this.mQuality);
        state.putInt("targetWidth", this.targetWidth);
        state.putInt("targetHeight", this.targetHeight);
        state.putInt("encodingType", this.encodingType);
        state.putInt("mediaType", this.mediaType);
        state.putBoolean("allowEdit", this.allowEdit);
        state.putBoolean("correctOrientation", this.correctOrientation);
        state.putBoolean("saveToPhotoAlbum", this.saveToPhotoAlbum);

        if (this.croppedUri != null) {
            state.putString(CROPPED_URI_KEY, this.croppedFilePath);
        }

        if (this.imageUri != null) {
            state.putString(IMAGE_URI_KEY, this.imageUri.toString());
        }

        return state;
    }

    public void onRestoreStateForActivityResult(Bundle state, CallbackContext callbackContext) {
        this.destType = state.getInt("destType");
        this.srcType = state.getInt("srcType");
        this.mQuality = state.getInt("mQuality");
        this.targetWidth = state.getInt("targetWidth");
        this.targetHeight = state.getInt("targetHeight");
        this.encodingType = state.getInt("encodingType");
        this.mediaType = state.getInt("mediaType");
        this.allowEdit = state.getBoolean("allowEdit");
        this.correctOrientation = state.getBoolean("correctOrientation");
        this.saveToPhotoAlbum = state.getBoolean("saveToPhotoAlbum");

        if (state.containsKey(CROPPED_URI_KEY)) {
            this.croppedUri = Uri.parse(state.getString(CROPPED_URI_KEY));
        }

        if (state.containsKey(IMAGE_URI_KEY)) {
            this.imageUri = Uri.parse(state.getString(IMAGE_URI_KEY));
        }

        this.callbackContext = callbackContext;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the ideal buffer size for processing streams of data.
     *
     * @return The page size of the device.
     */
    private int getPageSize() {
        // Get the page size of the device. Most devices will be 4096 (4kb)
        // Newer devices may be 16kb
        long ps = Os.sysconf(OsConstants._SC_PAGE_SIZE);

        // sysconf returns a long because it's a general purpose API
        // the expected value of a page size should not exceed an int,
        // but we guard it here to avoid integer overflow just in case
        if (ps > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
            ps = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        }

        return (int) ps;
    }

    private byte[] readData(InputStream input) throws IOException {
        if (input == null) {
            return null;
        }

        ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int bytesRead;
        byte[] dataChunk = new byte[getPageSize()];
        while ((bytesRead = input.read(dataChunk)) != -1) {
            buffer.write(dataChunk, 0, bytesRead);
        }
        return buffer.toByteArray();
    }
}