diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
index 5b89a831ff7fe..c304df38b5422 100644
--- a/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
@@ -4494,9 +4494,12 @@ function(build_orc)
   message(STATUS "Building Apache ORC from source")
 
   if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.29)
+    find_program(PATCH patch REQUIRED)
+    set(ORC_PATCH_COMMAND ${PATCH} -p1 -i ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/orc.diff)
     fetchcontent_declare(orc
                          ${FC_DECLARE_COMMON_OPTIONS}
                          URL ${ORC_SOURCE_URL}
+                         PATCH_COMMAND ${ORC_PATCH_COMMAND}
                          URL_HASH "SHA256=${ARROW_ORC_BUILD_SHA256_CHECKSUM}")
     prepare_fetchcontent()
 
diff --git a/cpp/cmake_modules/orc.diff b/cpp/cmake_modules/orc.diff
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..a875e75c4fde6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cpp/cmake_modules/orc.diff
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+diff --git a/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake b/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+index aa520ff..01ab294 100644
+--- a/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
++++ b/cmake_modules/ThirdpartyToolchain.cmake
+@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ add_library (orc::protoc ALIAS orc_protoc)
+ 
+ if (ORC_PACKAGE_KIND STREQUAL "conan")
+   target_link_libraries (orc_protobuf INTERFACE ${protobuf_LIBRARIES})
+-elseif (ORC_PREFER_STATIC_PROTOBUF AND ${PROTOBUF_STATIC_LIB})
++elseif (ORC_PREFER_STATIC_PROTOBUF AND DEFINED PROTOBUF_STATIC_LIB)
+   target_link_libraries (orc_protobuf INTERFACE ${PROTOBUF_STATIC_LIB})
+ else ()
+   target_link_libraries (orc_protobuf INTERFACE ${PROTOBUF_LIBRARY})
+@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ else ()
+ endif ()
+ 
+ if (NOT ORC_PACKAGE_KIND STREQUAL "conan")
+-  if (ORC_PREFER_STATIC_PROTOBUF AND ${PROTOC_STATIC_LIB})
++  if (ORC_PREFER_STATIC_PROTOBUF AND DEFINED PROTOC_STATIC_LIB)
+     target_link_libraries (orc_protoc INTERFACE ${PROTOC_STATIC_LIB})
+   else ()
+     target_link_libraries (orc_protoc INTERFACE ${PROTOC_LIBRARY})