Merge pull request #5673 from RasaHQ/johannes-73

Attention weight logging

Author: rasabot

changelog/5673.improvement.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Expose diagnostic data for action and NLU predictions.
+
+Add `diagnostic_data` field to the [Message](./reference/rasa/shared/nlu/training_data/message.md#message-objects)
+and [Prediction](./reference/rasa/core/policies/policy.md#policyprediction-objects) objects, which contain
+information about attention weights and other intermediate results of the inference computation.
+This information can be used for debugging and fine-tuning, e.g. with [RasaLit](https://github.com/RasaHQ/rasalit).
+
+For examples of how to access the diagnostic data, see [here](https://gist.github.com/JEM-Mosig/c6e15b81ee70561cb72e361aff310d7e).

docs/docs/tuning-your-model.mdx

@@ -293,7 +293,9 @@ Here is a summary of the available extractors and what they are best used for:
 |`MitieEntityExtractor`    |MITIE             |structured SVM                                   |good for training custom entities |
 |`EntitySynonymMapper`     |existing entities |N/A                                              |maps known synonyms               |
 
-## Handling Class Imbalance
+## Improving Performance
+
+### Handling Class Imbalance
 
 Classification algorithms often do not perform well if there is a large class imbalance,
 for example if you have a lot of training data for some intents and very little training data for others.
@@ -312,6 +314,39 @@ pipeline:
   batch_strategy: sequence
 ```
 
+### Accessing Diagnostic Data
+
+To gain a better understanding of what your models do, you can access intermediate results of the prediction process.
+To do this, you need to access the `diagnostic_data` field of the [Message](./reference/rasa/shared/nlu/training_data/message.md#message-objects)
+and [Prediction](./reference/rasa/core/policies/policy.md#policyprediction-objects) objects, which contain
+information about attention weights and other intermediate results of the inference computation.
+You can use this information for debugging and fine-tuning, e.g. with [RasaLit](https://github.com/RasaHQ/rasalit).
+
+After you've [trained a model](.//command-line-interface.mdx#rasa-train), you can access diagnostic data for DIET, 
+given a processed message, like this:
+
+```python
+nlu_diagnostic_data = message.as_dict()[DIAGNOSTIC_DATA]
+
+for component_name, diagnostic_data in nlu_diagnostic_data.items():
+    attention_weights = diagnostic_data["attention_weights"]
+    print(f"attention_weights for {component_name}:")
+    print(attention_weights)
+
+    text_transformed = diagnostic_data["text_transformed"]
+    print(f"\ntext_transformed for {component_name}:")
+    print(text_transformed)
+```
+
+And you can access diagnostic data for TED like this:
+
+```python
+prediction = policy.predict_action_probabilities(
+    GREET_RULE, domain, RegexInterpreter()
+)
+print(f"{prediction.diagnostic_data.get('attention_weights')}")
+```
+
 
 ## Configuring Tensorflow
 

rasa/core/policies/policy.py

@@ -236,6 +236,7 @@ def _prediction(
         events: Optional[List[Event]] = None,
         optional_events: Optional[List[Event]] = None,
         is_end_to_end_prediction: bool = False,
+        diagnostic_data: Optional[Dict[Text, Any]] = None,
     ) -> "PolicyPrediction":
         return PolicyPrediction(
             probabilities,
@@ -244,6 +245,7 @@ def _prediction(
             events,
             optional_events,
             is_end_to_end_prediction,
+            diagnostic_data,
         )
 
     def _metadata(self) -> Optional[Dict[Text, Any]]:
@@ -400,6 +402,7 @@ def __init__(
         events: Optional[List[Event]] = None,
         optional_events: Optional[List[Event]] = None,
         is_end_to_end_prediction: bool = False,
+        diagnostic_data: Optional[Dict[Text, Any]] = None,
     ) -> None:
         """Creates a `PolicyPrediction`.
 
@@ -417,13 +420,17 @@ def __init__(
                 you return as they can potentially influence the conversation flow.
             is_end_to_end_prediction: `True` if the prediction used the text of the
                 user message instead of the intent.
+            diagnostic_data: Intermediate results or other information that is not
+                necessary for Rasa to function, but intended for debugging and
+                fine-tuning purposes.
         """
         self.probabilities = probabilities
         self.policy_name = policy_name
         self.policy_priority = (policy_priority,)
         self.events = events or []
         self.optional_events = optional_events or []
         self.is_end_to_end_prediction = is_end_to_end_prediction
+        self.diagnostic_data = diagnostic_data or {}
 
     @staticmethod
     def for_action_name(
@@ -466,6 +473,8 @@ def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
             and self.events == other.events
             and self.optional_events == other.events
             and self.is_end_to_end_prediction == other.is_end_to_end_prediction
+            # We do not compare `diagnostic_data`, because it has no effect on the
+            # action prediction.
         )
 
     @property

rasa/core/policies/ted_policy.py

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 from rasa.shared.nlu.interpreter import NaturalLanguageInterpreter
 from rasa.core.policies.policy import Policy, PolicyPrediction
 from rasa.core.constants import DEFAULT_POLICY_PRIORITY, DIALOGUE
+from rasa.shared.constants import DIAGNOSTIC_DATA
 from rasa.shared.core.constants import ACTIVE_LOOP, SLOTS, ACTION_LISTEN_NAME
 from rasa.shared.core.trackers import DialogueStateTracker
 from rasa.shared.core.generator import TrackerWithCachedStates
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@
     Data,
 )
 from rasa.utils.tensorflow.model_data_utils import convert_to_data_format
+import rasa.utils.tensorflow.numpy
 from rasa.utils.tensorflow.constants import (
     LABEL,
     IDS,
@@ -632,6 +634,9 @@ def predict_action_probabilities(
             confidence.tolist(),
             is_end_to_end_prediction=is_e2e_prediction,
             optional_events=optional_events,
+            diagnostic_data=rasa.utils.tensorflow.numpy.values_to_numpy(
+                output.get(DIAGNOSTIC_DATA)
+            ),
         )
 
     def _create_optional_event_for_entities(
@@ -1050,14 +1055,23 @@ def _embed_dialogue(
         self,
         dialogue_in: tf.Tensor,
         tf_batch_data: Dict[Text, Dict[Text, List[tf.Tensor]]],
-    ) -> Tuple[tf.Tensor, tf.Tensor, tf.Tensor]:
-        """Create dialogue level embedding and mask."""
+    ) -> Tuple[tf.Tensor, tf.Tensor, tf.Tensor, Optional[tf.Tensor]]:
+        """Creates dialogue level embedding and mask.
+
+        Args:
+            dialogue_in: The encoded dialogue.
+            tf_batch_data: Batch in model data format.
+
+        Returns:
+            The dialogue embedding, the mask, and (for diagnostic purposes)
+            also the attention weights.
+        """
         dialogue_lengths = tf.cast(tf_batch_data[DIALOGUE][LENGTH][0], tf.int32)
         mask = self._compute_mask(dialogue_lengths)
 
-        dialogue_transformed = self._tf_layers[f"transformer.{DIALOGUE}"](
-            dialogue_in, 1 - mask, self._training
-        )
+        dialogue_transformed, attention_weights = self._tf_layers[
+            f"transformer.{DIALOGUE}"
+        ](dialogue_in, 1 - mask, self._training)
         dialogue_transformed = tfa.activations.gelu(dialogue_transformed)
 
         if self.use_only_last_dialogue_turns:
@@ -1069,7 +1083,7 @@ def _embed_dialogue(
 
         dialogue_embed = self._tf_layers[f"embed.{DIALOGUE}"](dialogue_transformed)
 
-        return dialogue_embed, mask, dialogue_transformed
+        return dialogue_embed, mask, dialogue_transformed, attention_weights
 
     def _encode_features_per_attribute(
         self, tf_batch_data: Dict[Text, Dict[Text, List[tf.Tensor]]], attribute: Text
@@ -1615,6 +1629,7 @@ def batch_loss(
             dialogue_embed,
             dialogue_mask,
             dialogue_transformer_output,
+            _,
         ) = self._embed_dialogue(dialogue_in, tf_batch_data)
         dialogue_mask = tf.squeeze(dialogue_mask, axis=-1)
 
@@ -1686,6 +1701,7 @@ def batch_predict(
             dialogue_embed,
             dialogue_mask,
             dialogue_transformer_output,
+            attention_weights,
         ) = self._embed_dialogue(dialogue_in, tf_batch_data)
         dialogue_mask = tf.squeeze(dialogue_mask, axis=-1)
 
@@ -1698,7 +1714,11 @@ def batch_predict(
         scores = self._tf_layers[f"loss.{LABEL}"].confidence_from_sim(
             sim_all, self.config[SIMILARITY_TYPE]
         )
-        predictions = {"action_scores": scores, "similarities": sim_all}
+        predictions = {
+            "action_scores": scores,
+            "similarities": sim_all,
+            DIAGNOSTIC_DATA: {"attention_weights": attention_weights},
+        }
 
         if (
             self.config[ENTITY_RECOGNITION]

rasa/nlu/classifiers/diet_classifier.py

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 import rasa.shared.utils.io
 import rasa.utils.io as io_utils
 import rasa.nlu.utils.bilou_utils as bilou_utils
+import rasa.utils.tensorflow.numpy
+from rasa.shared.constants import DIAGNOSTIC_DATA
 from rasa.nlu.featurizers.featurizer import Featurizer
 from rasa.nlu.components import Component
 from rasa.nlu.classifiers.classifier import IntentClassifier
@@ -914,7 +916,7 @@ def _predict_entities(
         return entities
 
     def process(self, message: Message, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
-        """Return the most likely label and its similarity to the input."""
+        """Augments the message with intents, entities, and diagnostic data."""
         out = self._predict(message)
 
         if self.component_config[INTENT_CLASSIFICATION]:
@@ -928,12 +930,17 @@ def process(self, message: Message, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
 
             message.set(ENTITIES, entities, add_to_output=True)
 
+        if out and DIAGNOSTIC_DATA in out:
+            message.add_diagnostic_data(
+                self.unique_name,
+                rasa.utils.tensorflow.numpy.values_to_numpy(out.get(DIAGNOSTIC_DATA)),
+            )
+
     def persist(self, file_name: Text, model_dir: Text) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
         """Persist this model into the passed directory.
 
         Return the metadata necessary to load the model again.
         """
-
         if self.model is None:
             return {"file": None}
 
@@ -1420,6 +1427,7 @@ def batch_loss(
             text_in,
             text_seq_ids,
             lm_mask_bool_text,
+            _,
         ) = self._create_sequence(
             tf_batch_data[TEXT][SEQUENCE],
             tf_batch_data[TEXT][SENTENCE],
@@ -1569,7 +1577,7 @@ def batch_predict(
 
         mask = self._compute_mask(sequence_lengths)
 
-        text_transformed, _, _, _ = self._create_sequence(
+        text_transformed, _, _, _, attention_weights = self._create_sequence(
             tf_batch_data[TEXT][SEQUENCE],
             tf_batch_data[TEXT][SENTENCE],
             mask_sequence_text,
@@ -1579,6 +1587,11 @@ def batch_predict(
 
         predictions: Dict[Text, tf.Tensor] = {}
 
+        predictions[DIAGNOSTIC_DATA] = {
+            "attention_weights": attention_weights,
+            "text_transformed": text_transformed,
+        }
+
         if self.config[INTENT_CLASSIFICATION]:
             predictions.update(
                 self._batch_predict_intents(sequence_lengths, text_transformed)