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<article id="post-Devops-Highway-Strategy-高速公路策略" class="h-entry article article-type-post" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
<div class="article-meta">
<a href="/2022/09/20/Devops-Highway-Strategy-%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5/" class="article-date">
<time class="dt-published" datetime="2022-09-20T06:54:19.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2022-09-20</time>
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<header class="article-header">
<h1 itemprop="name">
<a class="p-name article-title" href="/2022/09/20/Devops-Highway-Strategy-%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5/">Devops - Highway Strategy 高速公路策略</a>
</h1>
</header>
<div class="e-content article-entry" itemprop="articleBody">
<img src="/2022/09/20/Devops-Highway-Strategy-%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5/highway.jpeg" class="" title="This is an highway image">
<p><span class="caption">Photo by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://unsplash.com/@dnevozhai?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText">Denys Nevozhai</a> on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://unsplash.com/s/photos/highway-multiple?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText">Unsplash</a></span></p>
<p>在過去十年的開發經驗，大部分是新創團隊，全部工程師加起來不超過 20 人的團隊。最近才加入一個大團隊，光是 DevOps 就破百人了，還有破百個 AWS Accounts + Regions。</p>
<p>進來後就發現有各種 solution + architecture，其中有幾個團隊，試圖做一個大的自動化框架，標準化全公司的 CICD + EKS + AWS。</p>
<p>我個人也是希望大家都使用統一的標準、流程和工具，這樣資訊和技術的落差比較小，訓練和開發的成本也能降低許多。但是，搞到最後，我為了配合大標準，犧牲了一堆習慣的功能，一堆 tradeoff，變成我開發也困難、部署也困難</p>
<p>我開始反思，一間公司只需要一套標準嗎？把所有人的需求都加到裡面，就能變成一套完美的工具嗎？</p>
<p>我覺得事實剛好相反，這邊我提出一個<code>高速公路策略(Highway Strategy)</code>:</p>
<ol>
<li>不可能所有車，去到任何地方都要上高速公路，有些人只是想開到兩個巷口外的餐廳而已。</li>
<li>鄉間小路還是必要的。</li>
<li>可以從鄉間小路統計，哪邊有夠多的流量和用戶，才有必要開發高速公路。</li>
<li>在開發一條高速公路，應該是一段一段接上的。</li>
<li>在高速公路檢查胎壓、水箱？聽起來怪怪的吧，有些事情是出發前就應該自己檢查了。</li>
</ol>
<p>下次如果你們的 DevOps 或是其他團隊，想要統一架構，合併你們的代碼或是 CICD 時，不仿想想高速公路策略，這條公路真的有加速你們到達目的地嗎？</p>
<p>最終還是要回到用戶導向(User-Oriented)，你蓋個高速公路真的有使用者嗎？還是你蓋完後要過兩年才有用戶？這聽起來很不敏捷也很不 DevOps 吧？</p>
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<article id="post-Github-Action-Can-t-use-gh-cli-in-self-runner-in-Enterprise" class="h-entry article article-type-post" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
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<a href="/2022/09/19/Github-Action-Can-t-use-gh-cli-in-self-runner-in-Enterprise/" class="article-date">
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<a class="p-name article-title" href="/2022/09/19/Github-Action-Can-t-use-gh-cli-in-self-runner-in-Enterprise/">Github Action - Can't use gh-cli in self-runner in Enterprise</a>
</h1>
</header>
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<p>Here are the tips to run a self-runner with gh-cli</p>
<ol>
<li>Install gh</li>
<li>Use <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/keeping-your-account-and-data-secure/creating-a-personal-access-token">PAT</a> with permission below to operate your org/repo<ol>
<li>repo</li>
<li>workflow</li>
<li>admin:org</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li>Need to run <code>gh auth login</code></li>
<li>Now you can start to use gh-cli in your self-runner</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="Make-sure-you"><a href="#Make-sure-you" class="headerlink" title="Make sure you:"></a>Make sure you:</h3><ul>
<li>Add secrets.MY_PAT in org/repo settings</li>
<li><code>--hostname git.mycompany.com</code> is your domain</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Weekly</span> <span class="string">Report</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">on:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">workflow_dispatch:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">schedule:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">cron:</span> <span class="string">'0 4 * * 4'</span> <span class="comment"># 12:00 UTC+8, Friday</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">jobs:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">report:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">runs-on:</span> [<span class="string">self-hosted</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">steps:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">uses:</span> <span class="string">devops/gh_actions_checkout@v3</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">## <span class="doctag">TODO:</span> remove this after runner image installed it.</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Install</span> <span class="string">gh-cli</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">run:</span> <span class="string">|</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">curl</span> <span class="string">-fsSL</span> <span class="string">https://cli.github.com/packages/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg</span> <span class="string">|</span> <span class="string">sudo</span> <span class="string">dd</span> <span class="string">of=/usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg</span> <span class="string">\</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">&&</span> <span class="string">sudo</span> <span class="string">chmod</span> <span class="string">go+r</span> <span class="string">/usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg</span> <span class="string">\</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">&&</span> <span class="string">echo</span> <span class="string">"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/githubcli-archive-keyring.gpg] https://cli.github.com/packages stable main"</span> <span class="string">|</span> <span class="string">sudo</span> <span class="string">tee</span> <span class="string">/etc/apt/sources.list.d/github-cli.list</span> <span class="string">></span> <span class="string">/dev/null</span> <span class="string">\</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">&&</span> <span class="string">sudo</span> <span class="string">apt</span> <span class="string">update</span> <span class="string">\</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">&&</span> <span class="string">sudo</span> <span class="string">apt</span> <span class="string">install</span> <span class="string">gh</span> <span class="string">-y</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">gh</span> <span class="string">auth</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">run:</span> <span class="string">|</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">echo</span> <span class="string">${{</span> <span class="string">secrets.MY_PAT</span> <span class="string">}}</span> <span class="string">|</span> <span class="string">gh</span> <span class="string">auth</span> <span class="string">login</span> <span class="string">--with-token</span> <span class="string">--hostname</span> <span class="string">git.mycompany.com</span> <span class="string">--git-protocol</span> <span class="string">https</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Search</span> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">Logging</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">run:</span> <span class="string">|</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">gh</span> <span class="string">issue</span> <span class="string">list</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="Here-are-every-type-of-error-if-you-set-it-wrong-or-miss-some-steps"><a href="#Here-are-every-type-of-error-if-you-set-it-wrong-or-miss-some-steps" class="headerlink" title="Here are every type of error if you set it wrong or miss some steps"></a>Here are every type of error if you set it wrong or miss some steps</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HTTP 401: This endpoint requires you to be authenticated. (https://git.mycompany.com/api/graphql)</span><br><span class="line">Try authenticating with: gh auth login</span><br><span class="line">Error: Process completed with exit code 1.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">could not determine base repo: fatal: not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point /)</span><br><span class="line">Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set).</span><br><span class="line">/usr/bin/git: exit status 128</span><br><span class="line">Error: Process completed with exit code 1.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">/runner/_work/_temp/4e6ad363-9482-4dc1-8edd-a3ff80577dae.sh: line 1: gh: command not found</span><br><span class="line">Error: Process completed with exit code 127.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HTTP 401: This endpoint requires you to be authenticated. (https://git.mycompany.com/api/graphql)</span><br><span class="line">Try authenticating with: gh auth login</span><br><span class="line">Error: Process completed with exit code 1.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">The value of the GH_TOKEN environment variable is being used for authentication.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">error fetching organization projects: Message: Resource not accessible by integration, Locations: [{Line:1 Column:92}]</span><br><span class="line">Error: Process completed with exit code 1.</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<article id="post-Kubernetes-ExternalSecret-is-not-authorized-to-perform-secretsmanager-GetSecretValue" class="h-entry article article-type-post" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
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<a href="/2022/01/18/Kubernetes-ExternalSecret-is-not-authorized-to-perform-secretsmanager-GetSecretValue/" class="article-date">
<time class="dt-published" datetime="2022-01-18T19:51:36.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2022-01-19</time>
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<a class="p-name article-title" href="/2022/01/18/Kubernetes-ExternalSecret-is-not-authorized-to-perform-secretsmanager-GetSecretValue/">Kubernetes - ExternalSecret is not authorized to perform:secretsmanager:GetSecretValue</a>
</h1>
</header>
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<p>After I create a EKS from AWS Console, I install external-secret using Helm. I pretty sure my IAM role and policy are correct. But I still can’t get secretsmanager. It turns out that it needs a IDP(Identity Provider).</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ERROR, User: arn:aws:sts::xxx:assumed-role/<span class="built_in">test</span>-cluster-NodeRole/i-0b5ab8adzzzf27a1b is not authorized to perform: secretsmanager:GetSecretValue on resource: sm_rammus because no identity-based policy allows the secretsmanager:GetSecretValue action</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2022/01/18/Kubernetes-ExternalSecret-is-not-authorized-to-perform-secretsmanager-GetSecretValue/#more">Read More</a>
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<article id="post-Kubernetes-Increase-Metrics-Server-Resources" class="h-entry article article-type-post" itemprop="blogPost" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
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<a href="/2021/03/10/Kubernetes-Increase-Metrics-Server-Resources/" class="article-date">
<time class="dt-published" datetime="2021-03-10T19:08:51.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2021-03-11</time>
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<a class="p-name article-title" href="/2021/03/10/Kubernetes-Increase-Metrics-Server-Resources/">Kubernetes - Increase metrics-server resources (cpu/memory)</a>
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<p>在 GKE 中，如果 metrics-server 因為資源不足崩潰，可以透過更改 <code>NannyConfiguration</code> 和刪除 <code>Deployment: metric-server</code> 來改善這個問題。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">> kubectl top pod</span><br><span class="line">W0309 18:40:25.910477 53595 top_pod.go:274] Metrics not available <span class="keyword">for</span> pod default/xxxx, age: 536h37m25.91045s</span><br><span class="line">error: Metrics not available <span class="keyword">for</span> pod default/xxxx, age: 536h37m25.91045s</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>Environment:</p>
<ul>
<li>Kubernetes: v1.17.15-gke.800</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="範例"><a href="#範例" class="headerlink" title="範例"></a>範例</h2><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">> kubectl apply -f metrics-server-config.yaml</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">apiVersion:</span> <span class="string">v1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">kind:</span> <span class="string">ConfigMap</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">metadata:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">labels:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode:</span> <span class="string">EnsureExists</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">kubernetes.io/cluster-service:</span> <span class="string">"true"</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">metrics-server-config</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">namespace:</span> <span class="string">kube-system</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">data:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">NannyConfiguration:</span> <span class="string">|-</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">apiVersion:</span> <span class="string">nannyconfig/v1alpha1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">kind:</span> <span class="string">NannyConfiguration</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">baseCPU:</span> <span class="string">200m</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">cpuPerNode:</span> <span class="string">2m</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">baseMemory:</span> <span class="string">150Mi</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">memoryPerNode:</span> <span class="string">4Mi</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">> kubectl delete deployment -n kube-system metrics-server-v0.3.6</span><br><span class="line">deployment.apps <span class="string">"metrics-server-v0.3.6"</span> deleted</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>需要 3-5 分鐘，等待 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kube-controller-manager/">kube-controller-manager</a> 生效，用新的配置產生 Deployment。</p>
<h2 id="Reference"><a href="#Reference" class="headerlink" title="Reference"></a>Reference</h2><ul>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/tree/master/addon-resizer">https://github.com/kubernetes/autoscaler/tree/master/addon-resizer</a></li>
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<p><img src="/2020/08/24/Docker-Update-Rate-Limit-Policy-on-2020-08-24/docker-together.jpeg" alt="Image from: https://www.docker.com/blog/scaling-dockers-business-to-serve-millions-more-developers-storage/"></p>
<p>Docker 收到了許多的意見回饋後，在 2020/08/24 更新 Rate Limit Policy，改成針對 manifest 做限制，對開發者友善了許多。</p>
<h2 id="懶人包"><a href="#懶人包" class="headerlink" title="懶人包"></a>懶人包</h2><ul>
<li>Rate limit 改成對 manifest 限制，而不是 docker image layers</li>
<li>一個 <code>docker pull</code> 會有 1-2 個 manifest requests，及 0-N 個 layer requests</li>
<li><code>docker pull</code> 就算沒有下載任何 layer，也會計次
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