diff --git a/src/storage/src/redis_sets.cc b/src/storage/src/redis_sets.cc
index 5f33d9574..fecdfd50b 100644
--- a/src/storage/src/redis_sets.cc
+++ b/src/storage/src/redis_sets.cc
@@ -913,7 +913,11 @@ rocksdb::Status Redis::SMove(const Slice& source, const Slice& destination, cons
 }
 
 rocksdb::Status Redis::SPop(const Slice& key, std::vector<std::string>* members, int64_t cnt) {
-  std::default_random_engine engine;
+  if (cnt <= 0) {
+    return Status::InvalidArgument("Count must be greater than zero");
+  }
+
+  std::default_random_engine engine(std::random_device{}());
 
   std::string meta_value;
   rocksdb::WriteBatch batch;
@@ -925,7 +929,7 @@ rocksdb::Status Redis::SPop(const Slice& key, std::vector<std::string>* members,
     if (ExpectedStale(meta_value)) {
       s = Status::NotFound();
     } else {
-        return Status::InvalidArgument(
+      return Status::InvalidArgument(
           "WRONGTYPE, key: " + key.ToString() + ", expect type: " +
           DataTypeStrings[static_cast<int>(DataType::kSets)] + ", get type: " +
           DataTypeStrings[static_cast<int>(GetMetaValueType(meta_value))]);
@@ -940,63 +944,51 @@ rocksdb::Status Redis::SPop(const Slice& key, std::vector<std::string>* members,
     } else {
       int32_t length = parsed_sets_meta_value.Count();
       if (length < cnt) {
-        int32_t size = parsed_sets_meta_value.Count();
-        int32_t cur_index = 0;
+        // 删除全部成员
         uint64_t version = parsed_sets_meta_value.Version();
         SetsMemberKey sets_member_key(key, version, Slice());
         auto iter = db_->NewIterator(default_read_options_, handles_[kSetsDataCF]);
         for (iter->Seek(sets_member_key.EncodeSeekKey());
-            iter->Valid() && cur_index < size;
-            iter->Next(), cur_index++) {
-
-            batch.Delete(handles_[kSetsDataCF], iter->key());
-            ParsedSetsMemberKey parsed_sets_member_key(iter->key());
-            members->push_back(parsed_sets_member_key.member().ToString());
-
+             iter->Valid();
+             iter->Next()) {
+          batch.Delete(handles_[kSetsDataCF], iter->key());
+          ParsedSetsMemberKey parsed_sets_member_key(iter->key());
+          members->push_back(parsed_sets_member_key.member().ToString());
         }
-
-        //parsed_sets_meta_value.ModifyCount(-cnt);
-        //batch.Put(handles_[kMetaCF], key, meta_value);
         batch.Delete(handles_[kMetaCF], base_meta_key.Encode());
         delete iter;
 
       } else {
+        // 随机删除部分成员
         engine.seed(time(nullptr));
-        int32_t cur_index = 0;
-        int32_t size = parsed_sets_meta_value.Count();
-        int32_t target_index = -1;
         uint64_t version = parsed_sets_meta_value.Version();
-        std::unordered_set<int32_t> sets_index;
-        int32_t modnum = size;
-
-        for (int64_t cur_round = 0;
-            cur_round < cnt;
-            cur_round++) {
-          do {
-            target_index = static_cast<int32_t>( engine() % modnum);
-          } while (sets_index.find(target_index) != sets_index.end());
-          sets_index.insert(target_index);
-        }
-
         SetsMemberKey sets_member_key(key, version, Slice());
-        int64_t del_count = 0;
-        KeyStatisticsDurationGuard guard(this, DataType::kSets, key.ToString());
+        int32_t size = parsed_sets_meta_value.Count();
+        std::vector<int32_t> indices(size);
+        std::iota(indices.begin(), indices.end(), 0); // 生成 0 到 size-1 的索引
+        std::shuffle(indices.begin(), indices.end(), engine);
+        indices.resize(cnt); // 保留 cnt 个随机索引
+        std::sort(indices.begin(), indices.end()); // 排序以优化迭代器遍历
+
         auto iter = db_->NewIterator(default_read_options_, handles_[kSetsDataCF]);
+        int32_t cur_index = 0;
+        int64_t del_count = 0;
+        auto target_iter = indices.begin();
+
         for (iter->Seek(sets_member_key.EncodeSeekKey());
-            iter->Valid() && cur_index < size;
-            iter->Next(), cur_index++) {
-          if (del_count == cnt) {
-            break;
-          }
-          if (sets_index.find(cur_index) != sets_index.end()) {
-            del_count++;
+             iter->Valid() && target_iter != indices.end();
+             iter->Next(), ++cur_index) {
+          if (cur_index == *target_iter) {
             batch.Delete(handles_[kSetsDataCF], iter->key());
             ParsedSetsMemberKey parsed_sets_member_key(iter->key());
             members->push_back(parsed_sets_member_key.member().ToString());
+            ++del_count;
+            ++target_iter;
           }
         }
 
         if (!parsed_sets_meta_value.CheckModifyCount(static_cast<int32_t>(-cnt))) {
+          delete iter;
           return Status::InvalidArgument("set size overflow");
         }
         parsed_sets_meta_value.ModifyCount(static_cast<int32_t>(-cnt));