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Contributing to NFT Worlds Server

NFT Worlds is happy you're willing to contribute to our project. We are usually very lenient with all submitted PRs, but there are still some guidelines you can follow to make the approval process go more smoothly.

Use a Personal Fork and not Organization

NFT Worlds will routinely modify your PR, whether it's a quick rebase or to take care of any minor nitpicks we might have. Often, it's better for us to solve these problems for you than make you go back and forth trying to fix it yourself.

Unfortunately, if you use an organization for your PR, it prevents NFT Worlds from modifying it. This requires us to manually merge your PR, resulting in us closing the PR instead of marking it as merged.

We much prefer to have PRs show as merged, so please do not use repositories on organizations for PRs.

Requirements

To get started with PRing changes, you'll need the following software, most of which can be obtained in (most) package managers such as apt (Debian / Ubuntu; you will most likely use this for WSL), homebrew (macOS / Linux), and more:

  • git (package git everywhere);
  • A Java 16 or later JDK (packages vary, use Google/DuckDuckGo/etc.).
    • Adoptium has builds for most operating systems.
    • NFT Worlds Server requires JDK 16 to build, however makes use of Gradle's Toolchains feature to allow building with only JRE 8 or later installed. (Gradle will automatically provision JDK 16 for compilation if it cannot find an existing install).

If you're on Windows, check the section on WSL.

If you're compiling with Docker, you can use Adoptium's eclipse-temurin images like so:

# docker run -it -v "$(pwd)":/data --rm eclipse-temurin:17.0.1_12-jdk bash
Pulling image...

root@abcdefg1234:/# javac -version
javac 17.0.1

Understanding Patches

The NFT Worlds Server is comprised of patches and extensions to Paper & Spigot servers. These patches/extensions are split into different directories which target certain parts of the code. These directories are:

  • NFT-Worlds-API - Modifications to Paper-API/Spigot-API/Bukkit;
  • NFT-Worlds-Server - Modifications to Paper/Spigot/CraftBukkit.

Because the entire structure is based on patches and git, a basic understanding of how to use git is required. A basic tutorial can be found here: https://git-scm.com/docs/gittutorial.

Assuming you have already forked the repository:

  1. Clone your fork to your local machine;
  2. Type ./gradlew applyPatches in a terminal to apply the changes from upstream. On Windows, leave out the ./ at the beginning for all gradlew commands;
  3. cd into NFT-Worlds-Server for server changes, and NFT-Worlds-API for API changes.

Adding Patches

Adding patches to NFT Worlds is very simple:

  1. Modify NFT-Worlds-Server and/or NFT-Worlds-API with the appropriate changes;
  2. Type git add . inside these directories to add your changes;
  3. Run git commit with the desired patch message;
  4. Run ./gradlew rebuildPatches in the main directory to convert your commit into a new patch;
  5. PR the generated patch file(s) back to this repository.

Your commit will be converted into a patch that you can then PR into NFT Worlds.

❗ Please note that if you have some specific implementation detail you'd like to document, you should do so in the patch message or in comments.

Modifying Patches

Modifying previous patches is a bit more complex:

Method 1

This method works by temporarily resetting your HEAD to the desired commit to edit it using git rebase.

❗ While in the middle of an edit, you will not be able to compile unless you also reset the opposing module(s) to a related commit. In the API's case, you must reset the Server, and reset the API if you're editing the Server. Note also that either module may not compile when doing so. This is not ideal nor intentional, but it happens. Feel free to fix this in a PR to us!

  1. If you have changes you are working on, type git stash to store them for later;
    • You can type git stash pop to get them back at any point.
  2. Type git rebase -i base;
    • It should show something like this in the text editor you get.
    • If your editor does not have a "menu" at the bottom, you're using vim.
      If you don't know how to use vim and don't want to learn, enter :q! and press enter. Before redoing this step, do export EDITOR=nano for an easier editor to use.
  3. Replace pick with edit for the commit/patch you want to modify, and "save" the changes;
    • Only do this for one commit at a time.
  4. Make the changes you want to make to the patch;
  5. Type git add . to add your changes;
  6. Type git commit --amend to commit;
    • Make sure to add --amend or else a new patch will be created.
    • You can also modify the commit message and author here.
  7. Type git rebase --continue to finish rebasing;
  8. Type ./gradlew rebuildPatches in the root directory;
    • This will modify the appropriate patches based on your commits.
  9. PR your modified patch file(s) back to this repository.

Method 2 - Fixup commits

If you are simply editing a more recent commit or your change is small, simply making the change at HEAD and then moving the commit after you have tested it may be easier.

This method has the benefit of being able to compile to test your change without messing with your HEADs.

Manual method

  1. Make your change while at HEAD;
  2. Make a temporary commit. You don't need to make a message for this;
  3. Type git rebase -i base, move (cut) your temporary commit and move it under the line of the patch you wish to modify;
  4. Change the pick to the appropriate action:
    1. f/fixup: Merge your changes into the patch without touching the message.
    2. s/squash: Merge your changes into the patch and use your commit message and subject.
  5. Type ./gradlew rebuildPatches in the root directory;
    • This will modify the appropriate patches based on your commits.
  6. PR your modified patch file(s) back to this repository.

Automatic method

  1. Make your change while at HEAD;
  2. Make a fixup commit. git commit -a --fixup <hashOfPatchToFix>;
    • You can also use --squash instead of --fixup if you want the commit message to also be changed.
    • You can get the hash by looking at git log or git blame; your IDE can assist you too.
    • Alternatively, if you only know the name of the patch, you can do git commit -a --fixup "Subject of Patch name".
  3. Rebase with autosquash: git rebase --autosquash -i base. This will automatically move your fixup commit to the right place, and you just need to "save" the changes.
  4. Type ./gradlew rebuildPatches in the root directory;
    • This will modify the appropriate patches based on your commits.
  5. PR your modified patch file(s) back to this repository.

Rebasing PRs

Steps to rebase a PR to include the latest changes from main.
These steps assume the origin remote is your fork of this repository and upstream is the official NFT Worlds Server repository.

  1. Pull the latest changes from upstreams main: git checkout main && git pull upstream main.
  2. Checkout feature/fix branch and rebase on main: git checkout patch-branch && git rebase main.
  3. Apply updated patches: ./gradlew applyPatches.
  4. If there are conflicts, fix them.
  5. If your PR creates new patches instead of modifying exist ones, in both the NFT-Worlds-Server and NFT-Worlds-API directories, ensure your newly-created patch is the last commit by either:
    • Renaming the patch file with a large 4-digit number in front (e.g. 9999-Patch-to-add-some-new-stuff.patch), and re-applying patches.
    • Running git rebase --interactive base and moving the commits to the end.
  6. Rebuild patches: ./gradlew rebuildPatches.
  7. Commit modified patches.
  8. Force push changes: git push --force.

PR Policy

We'll accept changes that make sense. You should be able to justify their existence, along with any maintenance costs that come with them. Using obfuscation helpers aids in the maintenance costs. Remember that these changes will affect everyone who runs the NFT Worlds Server, not just you and your server.

While we will fix minor formatting issues, you should stick to the guide below when making and submitting changes.

Formatting

All modifications to non NFT Worlds files should be marked.

  • Multi-line changes start with // NFT Worlds start and end with // NFT Worlds end;
  • You can put a comment with an explanation if it isn't obvious, like this: // NFT Worlds start - reason.
    • The comments should generally be about the reason the change was made, what it was before, or what the change is.
    • Multi-line messages should start with // NFT Worlds start and use /* Multi line message here */ for the message itself.
  • One-line changes should have // NFT Worlds or // NFT Worlds - reason.

Here's an example of how to mark changes by NFT Worlds:

entity.getWorld().dontbeStupid(); // NFT WOrlds - was beStupid() which is bad
entity.getFriends().forEach(Entity::explode);
entity.a();
entity.b();
// NFT Worlds start - use plugin-set spawn
// entity.getWorld().explode(entity.getWorld().getSpawn());
Location spawnLocation = ((CraftWorld)entity.getWorld()).getSpawnLocation();
entity.getWorld().explode(new BlockPosition(spawnLocation.getX(), spawnLocation.getY(), spawnLocation.getZ()));
// NFT Worlds end

We generally follow usual Java style (aka. Oracle style), or what is programmed into most IDEs and formatters by default. There are a few notes, however:

  • It is fine to go over 80 lines as long as it doesn't hurt readability.
    There are exceptions, especially in Spigot-related files
  • When in doubt or the code around your change is in a clearly different style, use the same style as the surrounding code.

Patch Notes

When submitting patches to the NFT Worlds Server, we may ask you to add notes to the patch header. While we do not require it for all changes, you should add patch notes when the changes you're making are technical, complex, or require an explanation of some kind. It is very likely that your patch will remain long after we've all forgotten about the details of your PR; patch notes will help us maintain it without having to dig back through GitHub history looking for your PR.

These notes should express the intent of your patch, as well as any pertinent technical details we should keep in mind long-term. Ultimately, they exist to make it easier for us to maintain the patch across major version changes.

If you add a message to your commit in the NFT-Worlds-Server/NFT-Worlds-API directories, the rebuild patches script will handle these patch notes automatically as part of generating the patch file. If you are not extremely careful, you should always just squash or amend a patch (see the above sections on modifying patches) and rebuild.

Editing messages and patches by hand is possible, but you should patch and rebuild afterwards to make sure you did it correctly. This is slower than just modifying the patches properly after a few times, so you will not really gain anything but headaches from doing it by hand.

Underneath is an example patch header/note:

From 02abc033533f70ef3165a97bfda3f5c2fa58633a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shane Freeder <theboyetronic@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 15 Oct 2017 00:29:07 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] revert serverside behavior of keepalives

This patch intends to bump up the time that a client has to reply to the
server back to 30 seconds as per pre 1.12.2, which allowed clients
more than enough time to reply potentially allowing them to be less
tempermental due to lag spikes on the network thread, e.g. that caused
by plugins that are interacting with netty.

We also add a system property to allow people to tweak how long the server
will wait for a reply. There is a compromise here between lower and higher
values, lower values will mean that dead connections can be closed sooner,
whereas higher values will make this less sensitive to issues such as spikes
from networking or during connections flood of chunk packets on slower clients,
 at the cost of dead connections being kept open for longer.

diff --git a/src/main/java/net/minecraft/server/PlayerConnection.java b/src/main/java/net/minecraft/server/PlayerConnection.java
index a92bf8967..d0ab87d0f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/net/minecraft/server/PlayerConnection.java
+++ b/src/main/java/net/minecraft/server/PlayerConnection.java

Obfuscation Helpers

While rarely needed, obfuscation helpers are sometimes useful when it comes to unmapped local variables, or poorly named method parameters. In an effort to make future updates easier on ourselves, NFT Worlds Server tries to use obfuscation helpers wherever it makes sense. The purpose of these helpers is to make the code more readable and maintainable. These helpers should be made easy to inline by the JVM wherever possible.

An example of an obfuscation helper for a local variable:

double d0 = entity.getX(); final double fromX = d0; // NFT Worlds - OBFHELPER
// ...   
this.someMethod(fromX); // NFT Worlds

While they may not always be done in exactly the same way, the general goal is always to improve readability and maintainability. Use your best judgment and do what fits best in your situation.

Configuration files

To use a configurable value in your patch, add a new entry in the NFTWorldsConfig class.

NFTWorldsConfig example

public boolean useInhabitedTime = true;
private void useInhabitedTime() {
    // This is called automatically!
    // The name also doesn't matter.
    useInhabitedTime = getBoolean("use-chunk-inhabited-timer", true);
}

Notice that the field is always public, but the setter is always private. To access this value, you'll need an instance of the net.minecraft.world.level.Level object:

return this.level.nftWorldsConfig.useInhabitedTime ? this.inhabitedTime : 0;

My commit doesn't need a build, what do I do?

Well, quite simple: You add [ci skip] to the start of your commit subject.

This case most often applies to changes to files like README.md, this very file (CONTRIBUTING.md), the LICENSE.md file, and so forth.

Patching and building is really slow, what can I do?

This only applies if you're running Windows. If you're running a prior Windows release, either update to Windows 10 or move to macOS/Linux/BSD.

In order to speed up patching process on Windows, it's recommended you get WSL 2. This is available in Windows 10 v2004, build 19041 or higher. (You can check your version by running winver in the run window (Windows key + R)). If you're out of date, update your system with the Windows Update Assistant.

To set up WSL 2, follow the information here: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10

You will most likely want to use the Ubuntu apps. Once it's set up, install the required tools with sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install $TOOL_NAMES -y. Replace $TOOL_NAMES with the packages found in the requirements. You can now clone the repository and do everything like usual.

❗ Do not use the /mnt/ directory in WSL! Instead, mount the WSL directories in Windows like described here: https://www.howtogeek.com/426749/how-to-access-your-linux-wsl-files-in-windows-10/