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Detailed Example

The following set of code snippets demonstrates how to use the pycubool package primary primitives, operations and features.

This set contains examples of:

  • Matrix manipulation
  • Matrix-matrix operations
  • Matrix operations
  • Debug features
  • IO features

These examples require pycubool package to installed and the environment properly configured accordingly to the main readme document of the project.

Matrix creation example

"""
Examples of different ways to create matrices 
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Creation an empty matrix of a known form
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)        # Creating matrix

#
#  Filling values by indices
#

a[1, 0] = True                          # Set "True" value to (1, 0) cell
a[1, 1] = True                          # Set "True" value to (1, 1) cell
a[1, 2] = True                          # Set "True" value to (1, 2) cell
a[0, 0] = True                          # Set "True" value to (0, 0) cell

print("First example:")
print(a, sep='\n')                      # Matrix output

#
# Creation an empty matrix of known shape and filling with given arrays of indices
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)        # Creating matrix
rows = [0, 1, 1, 1]                     # Row indices of values
cols = [0, 0, 1, 2]                     # Column indices of values
a.build(rows, cols)                     # Filling matrix

print("Second example:")
print(a, sep='\n')                      # Matrix output

#
# Creating a matrix via shape and arrays of significant element indices
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
rows = [0, 1, 1, 1]                     # Row indices of values
cols = [0, 0, 1, 2]                     # Column indices of values
a = cb.Matrix.from_lists(shape=shape, rows=rows, cols=cols)

print("Third example:")
print(a, sep='\n')                      # Matrix output


#
# Generate random matrix by determining the shape and density - the percentage of non-zeros elements
#

shape = (4, 4)                          # Matrix shape
density = 0.5                           # Matrix filling density
a = cb.Matrix.generate(shape=shape, density=density)

print("Fourth example:")
print(a, sep='\n')                      # Matrix output

Output:

First example:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   1   .   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2 

Second example:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   1   .   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2 

Third example:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   1   .   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2 

Fourth example:
        0   1   2   3 
  0 |   1   .   .   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   .   . |   1
  2 |   .   .   .   . |   2
  3 |   .   1   .   . |   3
        0   1   2   3

Element-wise addition example

"""
Example of element-wise addition of two matrices
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)
a[0, 0] = True
a[2, 0] = True

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
b = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)
b[1, 1] = True
b[1, 2] = True

#
#  Matrix element-wise addition
#

result = a.ewiseadd(b)                  # result = a + b

print("Matrix element-wise addition:")
print(result, sep='\n')                 # Matrix output

Output:

Matrix element-wise addition:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   1   .   . |   0
  1 |   .   1   1 |   1
  2 |   1   .   . |   2
        0   1   2

Matrix multiplication example

"""
Examples of matrix multiplication of two matrices
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(3, 3))           # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 0] = True

b = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(3, 3))           # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
b[0, 1] = True
b[0, 2] = True

#
#  Simple matrix multiplication
#

result = a.mxm(b)                           # result = a * b

print("Simple matrix multiplication:")
print(result, sep='\n')                     # Matrix output

#
# Matrix multiplication with accumulate
#

result = a.mxm(b, out=a, accumulate=True)   # result = a + a * b

print("Matrix multiplication with accumulation:")
print(result, sep='\n')                     # Matrix output

Output:

Simple matrix multiplication:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   .   1   1 |   0
  1 |   .   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2 

Matrix multiplication with accumulation:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   1   1   1 |   0
  1 |   1   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2

Matrix duplication example

"""
Example of matrix duplication 
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 1] = True

#
#  Matrix duplicate operation
#

result = a.dup()

print("Result of matrix duplication operation:")
print(result, sep='\n')                 # Matrix output

Output:

Result of matrix duplication operation:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   .   1   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2

Kronecker operation example

"""
Example of kronecker product of two matrices
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(2, 2))           # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
a[0, 0] = True
a[1, 0] = True

b = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(2, 2))           # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
b[1, 1] = True
b[1, 0] = True

#
#  Matrix kronecker product
#

result = a.kronecker(b)                     # result = a x b

print("Matrix kronecker product:")
print(result, sep='\n')                     # Matrix output

Output:

Matrix kronecker product:
        0   1   2   3 
  0 |   .   .   .   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   .   . |   1
  2 |   .   .   .   . |   2
  3 |   1   1   .   . |   3
        0   1   2   3

Matrix reduce example

"""
An example of matrix reduction
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(3, 3))               # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 1] = True

#
#  Matrix reduce operation
#

result = a.reduce()

print("Result of matrix reduce operation:")
print(result, sep='\n')                         # Matrix output

Output:

Result of matrix reduce operation:
        0 
  0 |   1 |   0
  1 |   1 |   1
  2 |   . |   2
        0

Matrix extract sub-matrix example

"""
Examples of extracting sub-matrices 
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 1] = True

#
#  Cut of a 2x2 (third param) matrix
#  below and to the right of the specified index (first and second params)
#  of the original matrix
#

result = a.extract_matrix(1, 1, (2, 2))

print("First result of extract sub-matrix operation:")
print(result, sep='\n')                 # Matrix output


#
#  Create duplicate of original matrix by extract a matrix with 3x3 shape
#

result = a.extract_matrix(0, 0, (3, 3))

print("Second result of extract sub-matrix operation:")
print(result, sep='\n')                 # Matrix output

Output:

First result of extract sub-matrix operation:
        0   1 
  0 |   1   1 |   0
  1 |   .   . |   1
        0   1 

Second result of extract sub-matrix operation:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   .   1   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2

Matrix transpose operation example

"""
Example of matrix transposition 
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(3, 3))           # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 1] = True

#
#  Matrix transpose operation
#

result = a.transpose()

print("Result of matrix transpose operation:")
print(result, sep='\n')                     # Matrix output

Output:

Result of matrix transpose operation:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   .   .   . |   0
  1 |   .   .   . |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2

Extract matrix values example

"""
Examples of extraction matrix values as lists 
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Creation an empty matrix of a known form
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)        # Creating matrix
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 0] = True


#
# Extract values as two lists - rows and columns
# By default, a ctypes object is returned
#

rows, columns = a.to_lists()
print(f"Rows - {list(rows)}")
print(f"Columns - {list(columns)}")

#
# Extract values as one list - pair of indices (i, j) - list of edges
#

values = a.to_list()

print(f"Values - {values}")

Output:

Rows - [0, 1, 1, 1]
Columns - [0, 0, 1, 2]
Values - [(0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2)]

Iteration over matrix example

"""
Example of iterating over matrix cells 
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

shape = (3, 3)                          # Matrix shape
a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=shape)
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 1] = True


#
#  Iterating over matrix elements
#

print("Filled cell indices (row, column):")
for i, j in a:
    print(f"({i}, {j})", end=" ")

Output:

Filled cell indices (row, column):
(0, 1) (1, 0) (1, 1) (1, 2)

Export matrix to file example

"""
An example of writing a matrix to a file in .mtx format
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(3, 3))               # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 0] = True

#
#  Export matrix to file
#

path = "data/output_matrix.mtx"                 # relative path to target matrix
cb.export_matrix_to_mtx(path, a)                # write matrix to file

#
#  Import this matrix to check the correctness of the writing
#

result = cb.import_matrix_from_mtx(path)        # read matrix from file

print("Result matrix:")
print(result, sep='\n')                         # Matrix output

Output:

Result matrix:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   1   .   . |   0
  1 |   1   1   1 |   1
  2 |   .   .   . |   2
        0   1   2

Import matrix from file example

"""
An example of reading a matrix from a file in .mtx format
"""

import pycubool as cb


#
#  Import matrix from file
#

path = "data/input_matrix.mtx"              # relative path to target matrix
a = cb.import_matrix_from_mtx(path)         # read matrix from file

print("Result of import matrix from file:")
print(a, sep='\n')                          # Matrix output

Output:

Result of import matrix from file:
        0   1   2 
  0 |   1   1   . |   0
  1 |   .   .   . |   1
  2 |   .   1   1 |   2
        0   1   2

Logger example

"""
Example of start the logger 
"""

import pycubool as cb

#
#  Example of starting the logger
#

path = "my-example-log.textlog"                     # Set file name in current directory to logged messages
cb.setup_logger(path)

#
#  Matrix initialization
#

a = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(3, 3))                   # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
a[1, 0] = True
a[1, 1] = True
a[1, 2] = True
a[0, 0] = True

a.set_marker("a-log-example-matrix")                # Set debug marker for "a" matrix

b = cb.Matrix.empty(shape=(3, 3))                   # Creating an empty matrix of a given shape
b[0, 1] = True
b[0, 2] = True

#
#  Simple matrix multiplication
#

result = a.mxm(b)                                   # result = a * b

print("Simple matrix multiplication:")
print(result, sep='\n')                             # Matrix output

#
# Matrix multiplication with accumulate
#

result = a.mxm(b, out=a, accumulate=True)           # result = a + a * b

print("Matrix multiplication with accumulation:")
print(result, sep='\n')                             # Matrix output

Logger output:

[         0][         Level::Info] *** cuBool::Logger file ***
[         1][         Level::Info] Cuda device is not presented
[         2][         Level::Info] Create Matrix 0x1a7b3d0 (3,3)
[         3][         Level::Info] Create Matrix 0x1ab72a0 (3,3)
[         4][         Level::Info] Create Matrix 0x1acace0 (3,3)
[         5][         Level::Info] Release Matrix 0x1acace0
[         6][         Level::Info] Release Matrix 0x1ab72a0
[         7][         Level::Info] Release Matrix a-log-example-matrix (0x1a7b3d0)
[         8][         Level::Info] Enabled relaxed library finalize
[         9][         Level::Info] ** cuBool:Finalize backend **